Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회논문지)

Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회)
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A Study on the Necessity of Introducing Evacuation Instrument in High-rise Buildings - Focusing on Elevator Type Evacuation Instrument -

고층건축물의 피난기구 도입 필요성에 관한 연구 - 승강식피난기를 중심으로 -

  • Received : 2014.01.20
  • Accepted : 2014.06.20
  • Published : 2014.06.30
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Abstract

The fast evacuation from fire floors to evacuation floors in high-rise building fires can minimize the human damage. In this study, an evacuation instrument, which are applicable to the high-rise buildings of adaptable escape mechanisms by the current NFSC 301 (national fire safety code 301), were selected to analyze the applicability in the high-rise buildings over 11th floor through the site adaptability test. The results of the site test were as follows. The elevator type evacuation instrument of new concept developed as a new technology by compensating the defect of evacuation instrument limiting in the high-rise buildings over 11th floor had completed the stability test and the performance certification test in fire stations, which there were no problems in the introduction of the elevator type evacuation instrument as an escape mechanism in the high-rise buildings. The elevator type evacuation instrument using escapers' weight without using electric power was an escape mechanism that many people could evacuate in a short period of time when a fire broke out in the high-rise buildings. In particular, The elevator type evacuation instrument operated by nonpower had the adaptability as a customized escape mechanism considering user characteristics in the buildings for the disabled or patients with an advanced disease.

고층건물화재에서는 화재층에서 피난층까지 신속한 대피가 이루어져야만 인명피해를 최소화할 수 있다. 현행 국가화재안전기준(NSFC 301)이 정하는 적응성 있는 피난기구 중 고층건축물에 적용이 가능한 피난기구를 선정하여 현장 적응시험을 통한 11층 이상에서 적용 가능성을 분석하였다. 현장 시험결과 현재 11층 이상에서 제한하고 있는 피난기구의 문제점을 보완하여 신기술로 개발된 신개념 승강식피난기는 소방기관의 안정성 검사와 성능인증시험을 마친 제품으로 고층건축물 피난기구로 도입하여도 문제가 없다는 분석결과를 얻었다. 전력을 사용하지 않고 피난자의 체중(體重)을 이용하는 승강식피난기는 고층건축물 화재시 짧은 시간에 많은 인원의 피난이 가능한 피난기구임을 확인하였다. 특히 장애인이나 중증환자 등이 이용하는 건물에서 이용자 특성을 고려한 피난기구로는 무동력으로 작동되는 승강식피난기가 맞춤형 피난기구로 적응성이 있음을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

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