The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics (대한치과보철학회지)

The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics (대한치과보철학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparative study on the radiopacity of different resin-based implant cements

레진계 임플란트용 시멘트의 방사선 불투과성에 대한 비교연구

  • Han, Kyeong-Hwan (Post Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Institute for Clinical Dental Reserch, Korea University) ;
  • Cheon, Ho-Young (Post Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Institute for Clinical Dental Reserch, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, Min-Su (Post Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Institute for Clinical Dental Reserch, Korea University) ;
  • Shin, Sang-Wan (Post Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Institute for Clinical Dental Reserch, Korea University) ;
  • Lee, Jeong-Yol (Post Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Institute for Clinical Dental Reserch, Korea University)
  • 한경환 (고려대학교 임상치의학 대학원, 임상치의학 연구소) ;
  • 천호영 (고려대학교 임상치의학 대학원, 임상치의학 연구소) ;
  • 김민수 (고려대학교 임상치의학 대학원, 임상치의학 연구소) ;
  • 신상완 (고려대학교 임상치의학 대학원, 임상치의학 연구소) ;
  • 이정열 (고려대학교 임상치의학 대학원, 임상치의학 연구소)
  • Received : 2014.03.21
  • Accepted : 2014.04.03
  • Published : 2014.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was aimed to compare the radiopacity of four kinds of currently available resin based implant cements using digital radiography. Materials and Methods: Four resin-based implant cements((Estemp $Implant^{TM}$ (Spident, Incheon, Korea), $Premier^{(R)}$Implant (Premier, Pennsylvania, USA), $Cem-Implant^{TM}$ (B.J.M lab, Or-yehuda, Israel), $InterCem^{TM}$ (SCI-PHARM, California, USA)) and control group (Elite Cement $100^{TM}$ (GC, Tokyo, Japan) ) were mixed and cured according to the manufacturer's instructions on the custom made split-type metal mold. A total of 150 specimens of each cement were prepared and each specimen (purity over 99%) was placed side-by-side with an aluminum step wedge for image taking with Intraoral X-ray unit (Esx, Vatech, Korea) and digital X-ray sensor (EzSensor, Vatech, Korea). For the evaluation of aluminum wedge equivalent thickness (mm Al), ImageJ 1.47 m (Wayne Rasband, National Institutes of Health, USA) and Color inspector 3D ver 2.0 (Interaktive Visualisierung von Farbraumen, Berlin, Germany) programs were used. Result: Among the 5 cements, Elite cement $100^{TM}$ (control group) showed the highest radio-opacity in all thickness. In the experimental group, $InterCem^{TM}$ had the highest radio-opacity followed by $Premier^{(R)}$ Implant $Cement^{TM}$, $Cem-Implant^{TM}$ and Estemp $Implant^{TM}$. In addition, $InterCem^{TM}$ showed radio-opacity that met the ISO No. 4049 standard in all the tested specimen thickness. Cem-Implant on 0.5 mm thickness showed radiopacity that met the ISO No. 4049 standard. Conclusion: Among the implant resin-based cements tested in the study, $Premier^{(R)}$ Implant Cement and Estemp $Implant^{TM}$ did not show appropriate radio-opacity. Only $InterCem^{TM}$ and $Cem-Implant^{TM}$ 0.5 mm specimen had the proper radiopacity and met the experiment standard.

연구 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 현재 시판되는 4종의 레진계 임플란트 전용 임시 시멘트를 디지털 방사선 사진을 분석하여 방사선 불투과성을 비교 평가 하는 것이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 주문 제작한 분할형 금속몰드에 4종의 레진계 임플란트 시멘트(Estemp $Implant^{TM}$ (Spident, Incheon, Korea), $Premier^{(R)}$Implant (Premier, Pennsylvania, USA), $Cem-Implant^{TM}$ (B.J.M lab, Or-yehuda, Israel), $InterCem^{TM}$ (SCI-PHARM, California, USA))와 대조군인 Elite Cement$100^{TM}$ (GC, Tokyo, Japan)를 각각의 제조사의 지시에 따라 혼합하여 경화시킨다. 시멘트당 두께에 따라 각 10개씩 총 150개의 시편을 제작하고 각 시편을 순수(99%이상) aluminum으로 제작한 step wedge와 나란히 위치시켜 Intraoral X-ray unit (Esx, Vatech, Korea)와 디지털 X-ray sensor (EzSensor, Vatec. Korea)를 사용하여 촬영하였다. 디지털 방사선 이미지를 Image J 1.47m (Wayne Rasband, National Institutes of Health, USA)과 Color inspector 3D Ver 2.0 (Interaktive Visualisierung von Farbr$\ddot{a}$umen, Berlin, Germany)의 프로그램을 이용하여 aluminum wedge equivalent thickness (mm Al)를 평가하였다. 결과: 본 연구에서 사용된 5종의 시멘트 중 방사선 불투과성은 Elite Cement$100^{TM}$이 모든 두께에서 가장 높았으며 레진계 임플란트용 시멘트중에서 $InterCem^{TM}$이 가장 높았고, $Premier^{(R)}$ Implant $Cement^{TM}$, $Cem-Implant^{TM}$, Estemp $Implant^{TM}$순으로 나타났다. 레진계 임플란트용 시멘트 중 $InterCem^{TM}$은 모든 두께에서 ISO Standard No. 4049에 맞는 방사선 불투과성을 보였고, $Cem-Implant^{TM}$는 0.5 mm 두께에서만 ISO Standard No. 4049에 적합한 방사선 불투과도를 나타냈다. 결론:이번 연구에 사용된 레진계 임플란트 시멘트중 방사선 불투과도는 전반적으로 높지 않았고, $InterCem^{TM}$ 만이 연구조건 및 기준에 만족하는 방사선 불투과도를 보였다.

Keywords

References

  1. De Rouck T, Collys K, Cosyn J. Single-tooth replacement in the anterior maxilla by means of immediate implantation and provisionalization: a review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2008;23:897-904.
  2. Lee A, Okayasu K, Wang HL. Screw- versus cement-retained implant restorations: current concepts. Implant Dent 2010;19:8-15. https://doi.org/10.1097/ID.0b013e3181bb9033
  3. Chee W, Jivraj S. Screw versus cemented implant supported restorations. Br Dent J 2006;201:501-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4814157
  4. Chaar MS, Att W, Strub JR. Prosthetic outcome of cement-retained implant-supported fixed dental restorations: a systematic review. J Oral Rehabil 2011;38:697-711. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2011.02209.x
  5. Michalakis KX, Hirayama H, Garefis PD. Cement-retained versus screw-retained implant restorations: a critical review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2003;18:719-28.
  6. Nissan J, Narobai D, Gross O, Ghelfan O, Chaushu G. Long-term outcome of cemented versus screw-retained implant-supported partial restorations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2011;26:1102-7.
  7. Ramp MH, Dixon DL, Ramp LC, Breeding LC, Barber LL. Tensile bond strengths of provisional luting agents used with an implant system. J Prosthet Dent 1999;81:510-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(99)70203-9
  8. Koka S, Ewoldsen NO, Dana CL, Beatty MW. The effect of cementing agent and technique on the retention of a CeraOne gold cylinder: a pilot study. Implant Dent 1995;4:32-5. https://doi.org/10.1097/00008505-199504000-00005
  9. Clayton GH, Driscoll CF, Hondrum SO. The effect of luting agents on the retention and marginal adaptation of the CeraOne implant system. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1997;12:660-5.
  10. Akça K, Iplikçioğlu H, Cehreli MC. Comparison of uniaxial resistance forces of cements used with implant-supported crowns. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2002;17:536-42.
  11. GaRey DJ, Tjan AH, James RA, Caputo AA. Effects of thermocycling, load-cycling, and blood contamination on cemented implant abutments. J Prosthet Dent 1994;71:124-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(94)90019-1
  12. Cho-Yan Lee J, Mattheos N, Nixon KC, Ivanovski S. Residual periodontal pockets are a risk indicator for peri-implantitis in patients treated for periodontitis. Clin Oral Implants Res 2012;23:325-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02264.x
  13. Shapoff CA, Lahey BJ. Crestal bone loss and the consequences of retained excess cement around dental implants. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2012;33:94-6, 98-101.
  14. Wilson TG Jr. The positive relationship between excess cement and peri-implant disease: a prospective clinical endoscopic study. J Periodontol 2009;80:1388-92. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2009.090115
  15. Dumbrigue HB, Abanomi AA, Cheng LL. Techniques to minimize excess luting agent in cement-retained implant restorations. J Prosthet Dent 2002;87:112-4. https://doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2002.119418
  16. Schwedhelm ER, Lepe X, Aw TC. A crown venting technique for the cementation of implant-supported crowns. J Prosthet Dent 2003;89:89-90. https://doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2003.66
  17. Wadhwani C, Piñeyro A. Technique for controlling the cement for an implant crown. J Prosthet Dent 2009;102:57-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(09)60102-5
  18. Wadhwani C, Rapoport D, La Rosa S, Hess T, Kretschmar S. Radiographic detection and characteristic patterns of residual excess cement associated with cement-retained implant restorations: a clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 2012;107:151-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(12)60046-8
  19. Pauletto N, Lahiffe BJ, Walton JN. Complications associated with excess cement around crowns on osseointegrated implants: a clinical report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1999;14:865-8.
  20. Gapski R, Neugeboren N, Pomeranz AZ, Reissner MW. Endosseous implant failure influenced by crown cementation: a clinical case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2008;23:943-6.
  21. O'Rourke B, Walls AW, Wassell RW. Radiographic detection of overhangs formed by resin composite luting agents. J Dent 1995;23:353-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-5712(94)00009-5
  22. Soares CJ, Santana FR, Fonseca RB, Martins LR, Neto FH. In vitro analysis of the radiodensity of indirect composites and ceramic inlay systems and its influence on the detection of cement overhangs. Clin Oral Investig 2007;11:331-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-007-0130-3
  23. Reis JM, Jorge EG, Ribeiro JG, Pinelli LA, Abi-Rached FO, Tanomaru-Filho M. Radiopacity evaluation of contemporary luting cements by digitization of images. ISRN Dent 2012;2012:1-5.
  24. Pette GA, Ganeles J, Norkin FJ. Radiographic appearance of commonly used cements in implant dentistry. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2013;33:61-8. https://doi.org/10.11607/prd.1466
  25. ISO 4049. Dentistry: Polymer-based restorative materials. Geneva: ISO International Organization for Standardization; 2009.
  26. Wadhwani C, Hess T, Faber T, Piñeyro A, Chen CS. A descriptive study of the radiographic density of implant restorative cements. J Prosthet Dent 2010;103:295-302. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(10)60062-5
  27. Agar JR, Cameron SM, Hughbanks JC, Parker MH. Cement removal from restorations luted to titanium abutments with simulated subgingival margins. J Prosthet Dent 1997;78:43-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(97)70086-6
  28. Altintas SH, Yildirim T, Kayipmaz S, Usumez A. Evaluation of the radiopacity of luting cements by digital radiography. J Prosthodont 2013;22:282-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2012.00936.x
  29. Begoña Ormaechea M, Millstein P, Hirayama H. Tube angulation effect on radiographic analysis of the implant-abutment interface. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1999;14:77-85.
  30. Attar N, Tam LE, McComb D. Mechanical and physical properties of contemporary dental luting agents. J Prosthet Dent 2003;89:127-34. https://doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2003.20
  31. Callan DP, Cobb CM. Excess cement and peri-implant disease. J Implant Adv Clin Dent 2009;1:61-8.
  32. Wilson TG Jr. The positive relationship between excess cement and peri-implant disease: a prospective clinical endoscopic study. J Periodontol 2009;80:1388-92. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2009.090115

Cited by

  1. A literature review on cementation of implant prosthesis vol.54, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2016.54.4.458