Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea (대한인간공학회지)

Ergonomics Society of Korea (대한인간공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Correlations between Biomechanical Characteristics, Physical Characteristics, and the Ability to Maintain Dynamic Sitting Balance on an Unstable Surface in the Disabled with Spinal Cord Injury

  • Kim, Solbi (Korea Orthopedics & Rehabilitation Engineering Center (KOREC)) ;
  • Chang, Yoonhee (Research and Development team) ;
  • Kim, Gyoosuk (Korea Orthopedics & Rehabilitation Engineering Center (KOREC))
  • Received : 2013.11.18
  • Accepted : 2014.01.27
  • Published : 2014.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the ability to maintain dynamic sitting balance (DSB), biomechanical characteristics, and physical characteristics in spinal cord injuries (SCI) patients. Background: Virtual ski training systems, ski equipment, and training protocols for disabled skiers are being studied to spread awareness. However, few studies have been reported on the sitting balance ability associated with chair mono skiing. Method: A dynamic sitting balance border system was built to investigate the ability to maintain dynamic sitting balance in SCI patients. Trunk muscle activity was evaluated by electromyogram while conducting dynamic sitting balance tests. The trunk muscle strength was tested with a portable handheld dynamometer. Physical activity scores were measured with the physical activity recall assessment. Results: There were high levels of correlation between the ability to maintain DSB and trunk flexor strength, extensor strength, rotator strength, and physical activity score. However, height, weight, and injury level in SCI patients were not correlated with the ability to maintain DSB. Additionally, strong negative correlations were found between muscle activities of the external oblique and lumbar erector spinae muscles and the ability to perform the backward tilt test. Trunk extensor muscle activity during the ball lifting test was significantly higher than in other tests. Conclusion: The results indicate that improving trunk muscle strength and physical activity can increase the ability to maintain DSB. Application: The findings of a close relationship between trunk strength, physical activity, and the ability to maintain DSB need to be reflected in the chair mono ski training program.

Keywords

References

  1. Anders, C., Brose, G., Hofmann, G.O. and Scholle, H.-C., Evaluation of the EMG-force relationship of trunk muscles during whole body tilt, Journal of biomechanics, 41(2), 333-339, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.09.008
  2. Burkett, B., Paralympic Sports Medicine-Current Evidence in Winter Sport: Considerations in the Development of Equipment Standards for Paralympic Athletes, Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 22(1), 46-50, 2012.
  3. Chang, Y.H., Kim, G.S., Ryu, J.C., Kim, S.K. and Mun, M.S. "Characteristics of COP pathway during virtual training on the chair monoski simulator for disabled skier.", Journal of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering. Jeju. 5, 1123-1124, 2013.
  4. Cholewicki, J. and McGill, S., Mechanical stability of the in vivo lumbar spine: implications for injury and chronic low back pain, Clinical Biomechanics, 11(1), 1-15, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0268-0033(95)00035-6
  5. Cynn, H.-S., Oh, J.-S., Kwon, O.-Y. and Yi, C.-H., Effects of lumbar stabilization using a pressure biofeedback unit on muscle activity and lateral pelvic tilt during hip abduction in sidelying, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 87(11), 1454-1458, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2006.08.327
  6. Gastaldi, L., Pastorelli, S. and Frassinelli, S., A Biomechanical Approach to Paralympic Cross-Country Sit-Ski Racing, Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 22(1), 58-64, 2012.
  7. Granacher, U., Gollhofer, A., Hortobagyi, T., Kressig, R.W. and Muehlbauer, T., The importance of trunk muscle strength for balance, functional performance, and fall prevention in seniors: a systematic review, Sports Medicine, 1-15, 2013.
  8. Hermens, H.J., Freriks, B., Merletti, R., Stegeman, D., Blok, J., Rau, G., Disselhorst-Klug, C. and Hagg, G., European recommendations for surface electromyography, Roessingh Research and Development The Netherlands, 1999.
  9. Hwang, S., (The)effects of 12 weeks physical strength training on the alpine mono skiers' aerobic power and anaerobic power. Special Physical Education. Yongin, Yongin university: 50, 2010.
  10. Kibler, W.B., Press, J. and Sciascia, A., The role of core stability in athletic function, Sports Medicine, 36(3), 189-198, 2006. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200636030-00001
  11. Kim, K.J., Effects of core muscle strengthening training on flexibility, muscular strength and driver shot performance in female professional golfers, Int J Appl Sports Sci, 22(1), 111-127, 2010.
  12. Kim, S.B., Chang, Y.H., Kim, S.K., Bae, T.S., Mun, M.S. and Park, J.C., Changes of Muscle Activation Pattern of Trunk Muscles during Whole-body Tilts with and without Axial Rotation, Journal of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering, 29(7), 805-810, 2012. https://doi.org/10.7736/KSPE.2012.29.7.805
  13. Klefbeck, B., Mattsson, E. and Weinberg, J., The effect of trunk support on performance during arm ergometry in patients with cervical cord injuries, Spinal Cord, 34(3), 167-172, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1038/sc.1996.30
  14. Latimer, A.E., Ginis, K., Craven, B.C. and Hicks, A.L., The physical activity recall assessment for people with spinal cord injury: validity, Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 38(2), 208, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000183851.94261.d2
  15. Lee, H.-K., The effect of the winter sports participation in self-efficacy of handicapped. Graduate school of leisure science, Korea National Sports University, 2004.
  16. Martin Ginis, K.A., Latimer, A.E., Arbour-Nicitopoulos, K.P., Buchholz, A.C., Bray, S.R., Craven, B.C., Hayes, K.C., Hicks, A.L., McColl, M.A. and Potter, P.J., Leisure time physical activity in a population-based sample of people with spinal cord injury part I: demographic and injury-related correlates, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 91(5), 722-728, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2009.12.027
  17. Pernot, H., Lannem, A.M., Geers, R.P., Ruijters, E.F., Bloemendal, M. and Seelen, H.A., Validity of the test-table-test for Nordic skiing for classification of paralympic sit-ski sports participants, Spinal Cord, 49(8), 935-941, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1038/sc.2011.30
  18. Petrofsky, J., Skiing with a disability, Palaestra Spring, 1997.
  19. Seelen, H.A.M., Potten, Y.J.M., Huson, A., Spaans, F. and Reulen, J.P.H., Impaired balance control in paraplegic subjects, Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 7(2), 149-160, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1050-6411(97)88884-0
  20. Serra-Ano, P., Pellicer-Chenoll, M., Garcia-Masso, X., Brizuela, G., Garcia-Lucerga, C. and Gonzalez, L., Sitting balance and limits of stability in persons with paraplegia, Spinal Cord, 2012.
  21. Uh, H., Development guidelines of skills training for disabled Mono skier, Korea Institute of Sports Science, 2009.