Journal of Wetlands Research (한국습지학회지)

Korean Wetlands Society (한국습지학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Inhabitation Characteristics of Sphagnum palustre in Abandoned Paddy Terrace Wetland: a Case Report in Ansan

계단식 묵논습지에서의 물이끼 서식 특성: 안산시 사례를 중심으로

  • Hong, Mun-Gi (Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Jae Geun (Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2012.12.20
  • Accepted : 2013.02.13
  • Published : 2013.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

An exceptional case of inhabitation of a Sphagnum sp. was firstly confirmed at abandoned paddy terrace (APT) wetland in Ansan. Water sampling for analyzing of physicochemical conditions including nutrients such as NP, $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ was performed and the vegetation map for distribution of Sphagnum sp., topographical map, and flora list for companion species were made at field in June 2011. From the results, the Sphagnum sp. in the study site was identified as S. palustre and it covered about 8% of the wetland cover of 3,200 $m^2$. Most distributions of S. palustre were observed at tussock structures as micro-topography by sedges and grasses within a wetland (74%) and the shaded slope area under Pinus densiflora's canopy in wetland boundary (26%). Despite that APT in Ansan is relatively lower wetland in altitude than high moors, the contents of calcium ($0.45{\pm}0.2$) and magnesium ($1.48{\pm}0.6$) ion which are critical limiting factors for Sphagnum spp. were very low levels as well as NP ($PO_4$-P, $0.02{\pm}0.0$; $NO_3$-N, $0.25{\pm}0.3$; $NH_4$-N, $0.06{\pm}0.1$) and it could enable the inhabitation of S. palustre in lower APT.

계단식 묵논습지에서의 물이끼류(Sphagnum spp.) 서식이 경기도 안산시에서 최초로 확인되었다. 2011년 6월, 현장조사를 통해 인질산이나 칼슘 및 마그네슘 이온 등의 수질 분석을 위한 채수를 수행하였으며, 더불어 물이끼류의 분포 특성 및 동반종 파악을 위해 식생도 및 지형도를 작성하고 식물상을 조사하였다. 분석 결과, 안산 습지에 서식하는 물이끼류는 물이끼(S. palustre)로 확인되었으며 3,200 $m^2$의 습지 중 약 8%에 해당하는 면적에 분포돼 있었다. 물이끼는 주로 사초과나 벼과 등의 초본류에 의해 형성된 사초기둥(74%)이나 소나무류의 수관에 의한 차광이 이뤄지는 습지 주변부 경사면(26%)에서 미소지형을 형성하며 서식하고 있었다. 안산 습지는 고층습원 습지들에 비해 상대적으로 저지대에 속함에도 불구하고 인질산(유효태인산, $0.02{\pm}0.0$; 질산태질소, $0.25{\pm}0.3$; 암모니움태질소, $0.06{\pm}0.1$)과 더불어 물이끼 생육에 핵심적인 제한 요소인 칼슘($0.45{\pm}0.2$) 및 마그네슘($1.48{\pm}0.6$) 이온양이 굉장히 적어 물이끼의 서식이 가능한 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Administration Center of Mt. Odae in Korea National Park Service (2011). Annual report (7th) of Resource Monitoring at Wetland Ecosystem in Mt. Odae National Park, Korea National Park Service. [Korean Literature]
  2. Andrus, RE, Wagner, DJ, and Titus, JE (1983). Vertical zonation of Sphagnum mosses along hummock-hollow gradients, Canadian Journal of Botany, 61(12), pp. 3128-3139. https://doi.org/10.1139/b83-352
  3. Bae, JJ, Choo, YS, and Song, SD (2003). The patterns of inorganic cations, nitrogen and phosphorus of plants in Moojechi moor on Mt. Jeongjok, J. of Ecology and Field Biology, 26(3), pp. 109-114. [Korean Literature]
  4. Byun, C, Kwon, GJ, Lee, D, Wojdak, JM, and Kim, JG (2008). Ecological assessment of plant succession and water quality in abandoned rice fields, J. of Ecology and Field Biology, 31(3), pp. 213-223. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2008.31.3.213
  5. Choe, DM (1989). Overview of research in Korean Sphagnum spp., Kongju National Teacher's College, Reports of Science Education, 21, pp. 55-81. [Korean Literature]
  6. Cline, JD and Richards, FA (1972). Oxygen deficient conditions and nitrate reduction in the eastern tropical north pacific ocean, Limnology and Oceanography, 17(6), pp. 885-900. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1972.17.6.0885
  7. Clymo, RS (1963). Ion exchange in Sphagnum and its relation to bog ecology, Annals of Botany, 27(2), pp. 309-324. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a083847
  8. Clymo, RS (1973). The growth of Sphagnum: Some effects of environment, J. of Ecology, 61(3), pp. 849- 869. https://doi.org/10.2307/2258654
  9. Clymo, RS and Hayward, PM (1982). The Ecology of Sphagnum. In: Bryophyte Ecology, (ed. AJE Smith), pp. 229-289. Chapman & Hall, London.
  10. Drexler, JZ and Bedford, BL (2002). Pathways of nutrient loading and impacts on plant diversity in a New York Peatland, Wetlands, 22(2), pp. 263-281. https://doi.org/10.1672/0277-5212(2002)022[0263:PONLAI]2.0.CO;2
  11. Gignac, LD and Vitt, DH (1990). Habitat limitations of Sphagnum along climatic, chemical, and physical gradients in mires of Western Canada, The Bryologist, 93(1), pp. 7-22. https://doi.org/10.2307/3243541
  12. Gunnarsoon, U and Rydin, H (2000). Nitrogen fertilization reduces Sphagnum production in bog communities, New phytologist, 147(3), pp. 527-537. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00717.x
  13. Hayashi, N, Watanabe, E, and Matsuda, H (2012). Relationship between threatened vascular plants and the human population in Japan, J. of Ecology and Field Biology, 35(3), pp. 331-341. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2012.039
  14. Hong, MG and Kim, JG (2012). Growth characteristics of cutting culms sectioned at different positions from three reed population, J. of Korean Environmental Restoration and Technology, 15(1), pp. 53-62. [Korean Literature]
  15. Hong, MG, Nam, JM, and Kim, JG (2012). Occupational strategy of runner reed (Phragmites japonica): Change of growth patterns with developmental aging, Aquatic Botany, 97(1), pp. 30-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.11.001
  16. Jauhiainen, J, Vasander, H, and Silvola, J (1994). Response of Sphagnum fuscum to N deposition and increased $CO_{2}$, J. of Bryology, 1, pp. 83-96.
  17. Jeon, SH, Kim, H, Nam, JM, and Kim, JG (2013). Habitat characteristics of sweet flag (Acorus calamus) and their relationship with biomass, Landscape and Ecological Engineering, 9(1), pp. 67-75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11355-011-0176-x
  18. Kang, SJ (1970). Ecological studies of the raised bog in the Dae-am mountain adjacent to DMZ in Korea (2) - Relation between vegetation and peat, J. of Plant Biology, 13(3), pp. 20-24. [Korean Literature]
  19. Kang, SJ and Yoshioka, T (2005). Environmental change of high moor in Mt. Dae-Am of Korean Peninsula, Korean Journal of Limnology, 38(1), pp. 45-53.
  20. Karlin, EF and Andrus, RE (1988). The Sphagnum species of New Jersey, Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 115(3), pp. 168-195. https://doi.org/10.2307/2995954
  21. Kim, JG (2009). Ecological characteristics of Sphagnum fens in Mt. Odae: I. Sowhangbyungsan-neup, J. of Korean Wetlands Society, 11(1), pp. 15-27. [Korean Literature]
  22. Kim, SH, Kim, JH, and Kim, JG (2011). Water characteristics and similarity analysis of wetland plant communities in 4 types of small irrigation ponds in western civilian control zone in Korea, J. of Wetlands Research, 13(3), pp. 581-591. [Korean Literature]
  23. Korean Plant Names Index (KPNI) (2007). http://nature.go. kr/kpni.
  24. Lee, BA, Kwon, GJ, and Kim, JG (2005). The relationship of vegetation and environmental factors in Wangsuk stream and Gwarim reservoir: I. Water environments, The Korean Journal of Ecology, 28(6), pp. 365-374. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2005.28.6.365
  25. Lee, TB (2003). Coloured flora of Korea. Hyang Mun Sa.
  26. Lodwick, LN and Snider, JA (1980). The distribution of Sphagnum taxa in texas, The Bryologist, 83(2), pp. 214-218. https://doi.org/10.2307/3242136
  27. Oh, YC (2006). Korean Caricoideae of Cyperaceae. Sungshin Women's University Press.
  28. Paik, WK (2010). Vegetation of wetland in Mueuido (Incheon-city), Korean Journal of Plant Resource, 23(2), pp. 197-205. [Korean Literature]
  29. Park, JH and Kim, JG (2012). Ecological characteristics of Sphagnum fens in Mt. Odae: 2. Conservation area of Jilmoe-neup, J. of Wetlands Research, 14(1), pp. 101-120. [Korean Literature]
  30. Park, SJ, An, BR, Jang, SY, and Park, SJ (2011). Diversity of Moojechineup's flora, J. of Plant Biology, 41(4), pp. 370-382. [Korean Literature]
  31. Rice, SK (2000). Variation in carbon isotope discrimination within and among Sphagnum species in a temperate wetland, Oecologia, 123(1), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420050983
  32. Rydin, H (1985). Effect of water level on desiccation of Sphagnum in relation to surrounding sphagna, Oikos, 45(3), pp. 374-379. https://doi.org/10.2307/3565573
  33. Rydin, H (1995). Effects of density and water level on recruitment, mortality and shoot size in Sphagnum populations, J. of Bryology, 3, pp. 439-453.
  34. Rydin, H and Jeglum, JK (2009). The Biology of Peatlands. Oxford University Press.
  35. Spatt, PD and Miller, MC (1981). Growth conditions and vitality of Sphagnum in a tundra community along the Alaska pipeline haul road, Arctic, 34(1), pp. 48-54.
  36. Terasmae, J (1955). On the spore morphology of some Sphagnum species, The Bryologist, 58(4), pp. 306-311. https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745(1955)58[306:OTSMOS]2.0.CO;2
  37. Van Breemen, N (1995). How Sphagnum bogs down other plants, Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 10(7), pp. 270-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(95)90007-1
  38. Yabe, K and Uemura, S (2001). Variation in size and shape of Sphagnum hummocks in relation to climatic conditions in Hokkaido Island, Northern Japan, Canadian Journal of Botany, 79(11), pp. 1318-1326.
  39. Yoon, J, Kim, H, Nam, JM, and Kim, JG (2011). Optimal environmental range for Juncus effusus, an important plant species in an endangered insect species (Nannopya pygmaea) habitat in Korea, J. of Ecology and Field Biology, 34(2), pp. 223-235. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2011.024

Cited by

  1. Effects of initial density, nutrient, and water level regime on the seedling survival and growth of Typha orientalis Presl vol.59, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12374-016-0140-2
  2. A Case Report on the Constructed Wetland for the Growth of Sphagnum palustre vol.16, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.13087/kosert.2013.16.6.093
  3. Microbial Community and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from Abandoned Rice Paddies with Different Vegetation vol.72, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-016-0801-1
  4. Effect of Plant Life Cycle on Plant Settlement in Diverse Water Level vol.17, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.17663/JWR.2015.17.1.019