한국대기환경학회지 (Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment)

  • 제29권5호
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  • Pages.642-655
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  • 2013
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  • 1598-7132(pISSN)
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  • 2383-5346(eISSN)
한국대기환경학회 (Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment)
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Investigation on a Haze Episode of Fine Particulate Matter using Semi-continuous Chemical Composition Data

  • 박승식 (전남대학교 환경에너지공학과) ;
  • 김선정 (국립환경과학원 대기환경연구과) ;
  • 공부주 (국립환경과학원 대기환경연구과) ;
  • 이권호 (경일대학교 공간정보학과) ;
  • 조석연 (인하대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 김종춘 (국립환경과학원 대기환경연구과) ;
  • 이석조 (국립환경과학원 대기환경연구과)
  • Park, Seung-Shik (Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Jung (Air Quality Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Gong, Bu-Joo (Air Quality Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lee, Kwon-Ho (Department of Geoinformatics Engineering, Kyungil University) ;
  • Cho, Seog-Yeon (Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Choon (Air Quality Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lee, Suk-Jo (Air Quality Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research)
  • 투고 : 2013.05.04
  • 심사 : 2013.07.02
  • 발행 : 2013.10.31
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초록

In this study, semi-continuous measurements of $PM_{2.5}$ mass, organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC), black carbon (BC), and ionic species concentrations were made for the period of April 03~13, 2012, at a South Area Supersite at Gwangju. Possible sources causing the high concentrations of major chemical species in $PM_{2.5}$ observed during a haze episode were investigated. The measurement results, along with meteorological parameters, gaseous pollutants data, air mass back trajectory analyses and PSCF (potential source contribution function) results, were used to study the haze episode. Substantial enhancements of OC, EC, BC, $K^+$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$, $NO{_3}{^-}$, $NH{_4}{^+}$, and CO concentrations were closely associated with air masses coming from regions of forest fires in southeastern China, suggesting likely an impact of the forest fires. Also the PSCF maps for EC, OC, $SO{_4}^{2-}$, and $K^+$ demonstrate further that the long-range transport of smoke plumes of forest fires detected over the southeastern China could be a possible source of haze phenomena observed at the site. Another possible source leading to haze formation was likely from photochemistry of precursor gases such as volatile organic compounds, $SO_2$, and $NO_2$, resulting in accumulation of secondary organic aerosol, $SO{_4}^{2-}$ and $NO{_3}{^-}$. Throughout the episode, local wind directions were between 200 and $230^{\circ}C$, where two industrial areas are situated, with moderate wind speeds of 3~5 m/s, resulting in highly elevated concentration of $SO_2$ with a maximum of 15 ppb. The $SO{_4}^{2-}$ peak occurring in the afternoon hours coincided with maximum ambient temperature ($24^{\circ}C$) and ozone concentration (~100 ppb), and were driven by photochemistry of $SO_2$. As a result, the pattern of $SO{_4}^{2-}$ variations in relation to wind direction, $SO_2$ and $O_3$ concentrations, and the strong correlation between $SO_2$ and $SO{_4}^{2-}$ ($R^2=0.76$) suggests that in addition to the impact of smoke plumes from forest fires in the southeastern China, local $SO_2$ emissions were likely an important source of $SO{_4}^{2-}$ leading to haze formation at the site.

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참고문헌

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피인용 문헌

  1. Characteristics of PM Chemical Component during Haze Episode and Asian Dust at Gwang-ju vol.30, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2014.30.5.434
  2. at a site close to a roadway in Gwangju, Korea, during winter vol.17, pp.10, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5EM00225G
  3. Chemical Characteristics and Formation Pathways of Humic Like Substances (HULIS) in PM2.5 in an Urban Area vol.31, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2015.31.3.239
  4. Investigation of PM2.5 Pollution Episodes in Gwangju vol.31, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2015.31.3.269
  5. Characteristics of PM2.5 in Gyeongsan Using Statistical Analysis vol.31, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2015.31.6.520
  6. Chemical Composition Characteristics of Atmospheric Aerosols in Relation to Haze, Asian Dust and Mixed Haze-Asian Dust Episodes at Gosan Site in 2013 vol.32, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2016.32.3.289