Journal of the Korean earth science society (한국지구과학회지)

The Korean Earth Science Society (한국지구과학회)
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A Study on the Change of Magma Activity from 2002 to 2009 at Mt. Baekdusan using Surface Displacement

지표변위를 활용한 백두산의 2002-2009년 마그마 활동 양상 변화 연구

  • Yun, Sung-Hyo (Department of Earth Science Education, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Jeong-Hyun (Institute of Environmental Studies, Pusan National University) ;
  • Chang, Cheolwoo (Department of Earth Science Education, Pusan National University)
  • 윤성효 (부산대학교 지구과학교육과) ;
  • 이정현 (부산대학교 환경연구원) ;
  • 장철우 (부산대학교 지구과학교육과)
  • Received : 2013.09.23
  • Accepted : 2013.10.11
  • Published : 2013.10.31
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Abstract

There have been a number of observed precursors of volcanic activities- such as volcanic earthquake, surface inflation, specific volcanic gas emission, temperature of hot spring- at Mt. Baekdusan since 2002. We identified the increase of the volume of magma chamber beneath Mt. Baekdusan as we observed an inflation trend of vertical and horizontal surface displacement around Cheonji caldera lake by using precise leveling data from 2002 to 2009. The surface displacement trend changed to deflation in 2010, and the trend changed to inflation again after a while. Utilizing the data of inflated surface (46.33 mm) on the northern slope of Mt. Baekdusan from 2002 to 2003, we calculated the volume change of magma chamber beneath the Mt. Baekdusan. The volume change was about 0.008 $km^3$ ($7.7-8.0{\times}10^6m^3$) from 2002 to 2003. It indicated that a new magma (0.008 $km^3$) injected to the magma chamber 5 km below Mt. Baekdusan.

백두산에서는 2002년부터 화산성 지진활동의 증가, 정밀 수준측량 관측을 통한 지표면 팽창, 특정 화산가스 방출량의 증가, 온천수의 온도 증가 등 화산 전조활동이 활발해짐으로써 나타나는 전조현상들이 관측되었다. 이러한 관측결과 중 정밀 수준측량 데이터를 활용한 백두산 천지 칼데라 주변의 수직, 수평 지표변위 경향 분석을 통해 2002년 이후 2009년까지 지표가 팽창하는 경향을 나타냄으로써 백두산 지하 마그마 챔버의 부피가 증가하였음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이후 2010년을 기점으로 지표가 수축하는 경향을 나타내기도 하였으나 이후 다시 팽창하는 경향을 나타냄을 확인할 수 있었다. 북측 사면에서 2002년부터 2003년까지 칼데라 외륜산 일대의 지표면이 46.33 mm 융기 팽창한 것을 바탕으로 지하 마그마 챔버의 부피 변화량을 계산해 보면, 약 0.008 $km^3$ ($7.7-8.0{\times}10^6m^3$)의 부피가 증가한 것으로 계산되었다. 이는 백두산 산정부로부터 지하 약 5 km 지점에 천처 마그마 챔버가 형성되고 0.008 $km^3$의 마그마가 주입된 것으로 해석된다.

Keywords

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