Feline Herpes Virus-1 Associated Facial and Perianal Dermatitis in a Cat

고양이 헤르페스 바이러스-1 감염과 관련된 고양이의 안면 및 회음부 피부염

  • Yoon, Ji-Seon (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology) ;
  • Yabuzoe, Astushi (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology) ;
  • Sekiguchi, Maiko (Department of Animal Science, Teikyo University of Sciences) ;
  • Park, Jinho (College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Iwasaki, Toshiroh (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology) ;
  • Nishifuji, Koji (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
  • 윤지선 (일본 동경농공대학 수의내과학실) ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • 박진호 (전북대학교 수의과대학) ;
  • ;
  • Accepted : 2013.06.20
  • Published : 2013.06.30

Abstract

We herein describe a feline case of facial dermatitis whose histopathological features resembled to those of FHV-associated ulcerative dermatitis. A 3-year-old, intact male domestic short-haired cat was presented with 2-years history of pruritic dermatitis that initially appeared on periocular area and extended toward the entire face. The cat had ocular discharge and conjunctivitis from 2-month of age. Clinically, skin lesions were characterized as erythema, erosions and ulcers covered with crusts on the facial and perianal area. Histopathologically, the facial lesion was characterized as interface dermatitis with hydropic degeneration at the basal layer, and single cell necrosis of keratinocytes. In addition, the epidermal and dermal necrosis infiltrated with eosinophils, and intranuclear inclusion bodies in keratinocytes were also recognized. Moreover, feline herpesvirus-1 gene was detected by a PCR analysis using a swab obtained from the crusted lesions. Based upon these findings, the present case was considered as having FHV-associated ulcerative dermatitis. Therapy including oral acyclovir and topical recombinant feline interferon omega resulted in marked improvement of the skin and mucosal lesions.

고양이 헤르페스 바이러스-1 감염과 관련된 고양이의 괴사성 안면 피부염의 증례를 보고하고자 한다. 3살된, 미거세 수컷 도메스틱 숏헤어 고양이가 2년간 지속된 소양성 피부염을 주증으로 내원하였다. 환자는 생후 약 2개월령부터 지속적인 눈꼽과 결막염을 가지고 있었으며, 눈 주위부터 안면 전체로 확대된 피부염의 병력을 가지고 있었다. 내원 당시에는 가피로 덮여있는 미란과 궤양성의 피부병변이 안면과 회음부에서 주로 관찰되었다. 피부 병변부위의 조직학적 검사 결과, 경계면 피부염을 동반한 기저층의 수포변성과 각질세포의 단세포 괴사 소견이 관찰되었으며, 호산구 침윤을 동반한 표피와 진피의 괴사와 각질세포의 핵내 봉입체도 관찰되었다. 이에 가피 부위의 가검물을 이용하여 PCR검사를 수행하였고, 그 결과 고양이 헤르페스 바이러스-1의 유전자가 검출되었다. 위의 소견으로부터, 본 증례는 고양이 헤르페스 바이러스-1 감염과 관련된 궤양성 피부염으로 진단되었고, 아시클로버의 경구투여와 고양이 인터페론 오메가의 국소투여로 피부 및 점막 병변의 뚜렷한 개선을 볼 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Flecknell PA, Orr CM, Wright AL, Gaskell RM, Kelly DF. Skin ulceration associated with herpesvirus infection in cats. Vet Rec 1979; 104: 313-315. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.104.14.313
  2. Gross TL, Ihrke PJ, Walder EJ, Affolter VK. Feline herpesvirus ulcerative dermatitis. In: Skin Diseases of the Dog and Cat. Clinical and Histopathologic Diagnosis, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 2005: 124-126.
  3. Guaguere E. Prelaud P. Viral Dermatoses. In: A Practical Guide To Feline Dermatology. France: Merial Co., 1997: 7-10.
  4. Hargis AM, Ginn PE, Mansell JE, Garber RL. Ulcerative facial and nasal dermatitis and stomatitis in cats associated with feline herpesvirus1. Vet Dermatol 1999; 10: 267-274. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3164.1999.00145.x
  5. Johnson RP, Sabine M. The isolation of herpesvirus from skin ulcers in domestic cats. Vet Rec 1971; 89: 360-362. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.89.13.360
  6. Ono F, Sharma BK, Smith CC, Burnett JW, Aurelian L. CD34+ cells in the peripheral blood transport herpes simplex virus DNA fragments to the skin of patients with erythema multiforme (HAEM). J Invest Dermatol 2005; 124: 1215-1224. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23712.x
  7. Persico P, Roccabianca P, Corona A, Vercelli A, Cornegliani L. Detection of feline herpes virus 1 via polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry in cats with ulcerative facial dermatitis, eosinophilic granuloma complex reaction patterns and mosquito bite hypersensitivity. Vet Dermatol 2011; 22: 521-527. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3164.2011.00984.x
  8. Prost C. A case of exfoliative erythema multiforme associated with herpes virus 1 infection in a european cat. Vet Dermatol 2004; 15: 51.
  9. Sokumbi O, Wetter DA. Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of erythema multiforme: a review for the practicing dermatologist. Int J Dermatol 2012; 51: 889-902. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.05348.x
  10. Scott DW, Miller WH. Erythema multiforme in dogs and cats: literature review and case material from the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine (1988-96). Vet Dermatol 1999; 10: 297-309. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3164.1999.00143.x
  11. Vogel JW, Scott DW, Erb HN. Frequency of apoptotic keratinocytes in the feline epidermis: a retrospective lightmicroscopic study of skin-biopsy specimens from 327 cats with normal skin or inflammatory dermatoses. J Feline Med Surg 2009; 11: 963-969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.05.014