분광된 빛의 주사가 원유내 성분에 미치는 영향

Effect of Light Transmission on Composition and Somatic Cell count of Raw Milk

  • 고한종 (제주특별자치도 축산정책과) ;
  • 김기연 (부산카톨릭대학교 산업보건학과) ;
  • 민영봉 (경상대학교 생물산업기계공학과(농업생명과학연구원)) ;
  • 西津貴久 (기후대학 응용생물과학부) ;
  • 윤용철 (경상대학교 지역기반환경공학과(농업생명과학연구원)) ;
  • 김현태 (경상대학교 생물산업기계공학과(농업생명과학연구원))
  • Ko, Han-Jong (Division of Livestock Policy, Jeju Special Seol-Governing) ;
  • Kim, Ki-Youn (Dept. of Industral Health, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Min, Young-Bong (Dept. of Bio-Industrial Machinery Eng., Gyeongsang National Univ.(Insti. of Agric. & Life Sci.)) ;
  • Nishizu, Takahisa (Food and Life Sciences Course, Gifu Univ.) ;
  • Yun, Yong-Chul (Dept. of Agricultural Eng., Gyeongsang National Univ.(Insti. of Agric. & Life Sci.)) ;
  • Kim, Hyeon-Tae (Dept. of Bio-Industrial Machinery Eng., Gyeongsang National Univ.(Insti. of Agric. & Life Sci.))
  • 투고 : 2011.02.08
  • 심사 : 2012.02.24
  • 발행 : 2012.02.28

초록

농산물의 안전성 확보와 품질평가를 위해서 신속하고 경제적인 비파괴 검사법에 대한 연구 및 기술개발이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 분광된 빛을 이용하여 내부 품질평가 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 분석 대상체의 성분 변화에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 분광분석을 이용하여 원유의 성분분석 과정에서 분광된 빛이 원유의 성분 및 체세포에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행 되었다. 본 연구에 사용된 원유는 일본 시가현 소재 낙농가에서 채취된 것으로 유지방, 유단백질, 유당, 무지고형분, 총고형분, 유요소, 구연산 및 체세포수를 화학적 방법에 의해 측정하였다. 또한 인위적으로 분광된 빛은 5가지 영역대로 구분하여 원유에 각각 1분, 5분, 10분간 주사하였다. 연구결과, 400 nm이하 파장대인 자외선 영역에서 유지방이 2.6% 증가되는 경향이 있었고, 체세포수도 9.0% 증가된 것으로 분석되었다. 그러나 다른 원유 성분에는 변화가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 자외선 영역의 빛을 원유 품질 평가에 적용하기 위해서는 보다 다양한 원유 시료에 대한 추가 검증이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Measurement of compositions and somatic cells in raw milk by chemical methods usually requires a lot of time, skilled labor and expensive analytical equipments. Recently, near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), which is a rapid, cost-effective and non-destructive technique, has been extensively used for safety and quality evaluation in the field of dairy products. However, less study has been performed to evaluate the effect of transmitted light on milk quality during NIRS analysis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the changes in milk quality using transmitted light. Raw milk samples collected from dairy farm from Siga prefecture in Japan were analyzed for fat, protein, lactose, solids not fat, total solids, milk urea and citric acid using the Milko scan 4000. Somatic cells in raw milk samples were counted by the Fossomatic 5000. Transmittance spectra of 50 ml raw milk samples were obtained by the Lax-Cute lighter in the 400 nm or less, 689 nm, 773 nm, 900 nm and 979 nm. As a result, milk fat as well as somatic cell count was increased by 2.6% and 9.0%, respectively. The other compositions were, however, changed within the relative error of the measurement. Further studies are needed to apply raw milk quality evaluation using the UV band by accumulating more samples and more data.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Cho J. H. and T. H. Cho. 1970. Some influences of heating upon constituents of raw milk. Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 10: 2089-2092.
  2. Cho S. I, Y. Y. Kim, T. S. Park, and K. Y. Hwang. 2004. Development of beef freshness sensor using NIR spectroscopy. J. of Biosystems Engineering 29: 539-543. https://doi.org/10.5307/JBE.2004.29.6.539
  3. Lee C. G., B. W. Sohn, C. G. Lee, and H. B. Koh. 2003. Comparison of fossomatic and coulter counter methods for somatic cell count in raw milk. Korean Journal of Veterinary Science. 16: 1-10.
  4. Madsen S. P. 1975. Fluoro-opto-electronic cell-counting on milk. Journal of Dairy Research 42: 227-239. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029900015260
  5. Paul J. K., G. Y. Miller, and Anderson C. R. 1990. Milk production and somatic cell count in Michigan dairy herd. Journal of Dairy Science 73: 2794-2800. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)78966-7
  6. Pravdova V, B. Walczak, D. L. Massart, S. Kawano, K. Toyoda, and R. Tsenkova. 2001. Calibration of somatic cell count in milk based on near-infrared spectroscopy. Analytica Chimica Acta 450: 131-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)01373-3
  7. Sato T., M. Yoshino, S. Farukawa, Y. Somaya, N. Yano, J. Uozumi, and M. Iwamoto. 1987. Analysis of milk constituents by near infrared spectrophotometric method. Japan Journal of Zootechnical Science 58: 698-706.
  8. Tsenkova R., S. Atanassova, Y. Ozaki, K. Toyoda, and K. Itoh. 2001. Near-infrared spectroscopy for biomonitoring: influence of somatic cell count on cow's milk composition analysis. International Dairy Journal 11: 779-783. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-6946(01)00110-8
  9. Tsenkova R., S. Atanassova, K. Toyoda, Y. Ozaki, K. Itoh, and T. Fearn. 1999. Near-infrared spectroscopy for dairy measurement: Measurement of unhomogenized milk composition. Journal of Dairy Science 82: 2344-2352. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75484-6
  10. Yoo B. W. 1985. A Study on mastitis infection rate and investigation of milk contamination level by measuring the bacteria and somatic cell counts in Gyunggi Area. Korean Journal of Environmental Health 11: 41-54.