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Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (생화학분자생물학회)
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X-ray radiation at low doses stimulates differentiation and mineralization of mouse calvarial osteoblasts

  • Park, Soon-Sun (Department of Orthodontics, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Kyoung-A (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry (BK21 Program), Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Seung-Youp (Department of Orthodontics, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Lim, Shin-Saeng (Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Jeon, Young-Mi (Department of Orthodontics, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Jeong-Chae (Department of Orthodontics, Chonbuk National University)
  • Received : 2012.05.04
  • Accepted : 2012.06.26
  • Published : 2012.10.31
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Abstract

Radiotherapy is considered to cause detrimental effects on bone tissue eventually increasing bone loss and fracture risk. However, there is a great controversy on the real effects of irradiation itself on osteoblasts, and the mechanisms by which irradiation affects osteoblast differentiation and mineralization are not completely understood. We explored how X-ray radiation influences differentiation and bone-specific gene expression in mouse calvarial osteoblasts. Irradiation at 2 Gy not only increased differentiation and mineralization of the cells, but also upregulated the expression of alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, osteopontin, and osteocalcin at early stages of differentiation. However, irradiation at higher doses (>2 Gy) did not stimulate osteoblast differentiation, rather it suppressed DNA synthesis by the cells without a toxic effect. Additional experiments suggested that transforming growth factor-beta 1 and runt-transcription factor 2 play important roles in irradiation- stimulated bone differentiation by acting as upstream regulators of bone-specific markers.

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References

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