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http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2012.45.10.101

X-ray radiation at low doses stimulates differentiation and mineralization of mouse calvarial osteoblasts  

Park, Soon-Sun (Department of Orthodontics, Chonbuk National University)
Kim, Kyoung-A (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry (BK21 Program), Chonbuk National University)
Lee, Seung-Youp (Department of Orthodontics, Chonbuk National University)
Lim, Shin-Saeng (Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Chonbuk National University)
Jeon, Young-Mi (Department of Orthodontics, Chonbuk National University)
Lee, Jeong-Chae (Department of Orthodontics, Chonbuk National University)
Publication Information
BMB Reports / v.45, no.10, 2012 , pp. 571-576 More about this Journal
Abstract
Radiotherapy is considered to cause detrimental effects on bone tissue eventually increasing bone loss and fracture risk. However, there is a great controversy on the real effects of irradiation itself on osteoblasts, and the mechanisms by which irradiation affects osteoblast differentiation and mineralization are not completely understood. We explored how X-ray radiation influences differentiation and bone-specific gene expression in mouse calvarial osteoblasts. Irradiation at 2 Gy not only increased differentiation and mineralization of the cells, but also upregulated the expression of alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, osteopontin, and osteocalcin at early stages of differentiation. However, irradiation at higher doses (>2 Gy) did not stimulate osteoblast differentiation, rather it suppressed DNA synthesis by the cells without a toxic effect. Additional experiments suggested that transforming growth factor-beta 1 and runt-transcription factor 2 play important roles in irradiation- stimulated bone differentiation by acting as upstream regulators of bone-specific markers.
Keywords
Bone-formation regulatory factors; Ionizing irradiation; Mineralization; Mouse calvarial osteoblasts; TGF-${\beta}1$;
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