Anxiety and mood (대한불안의학회지)

Korean Academy of Anxiety Disorders (대한불안의학회)
권호 표지

MMPI Characteristics of the Suicide Attempter Visiting Emergency Unit

응급실내원 자살시도자에서 MMPI 특성

  • Seo, Hyeong Chull (Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University) ;
  • Oh, Seong Beom (Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University) ;
  • Kim, Tae Hun (Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University) ;
  • Lee, Jun Hyung (Environmental Health Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University) ;
  • Kang, Suk Hoon (Environmental Health Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University) ;
  • Lim, Myung Ho (Environmental Health Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University)
  • 서형철 (단국대학교 의과대학 응급의학교실) ;
  • 오성범 (단국대학교 의과대학 응급의학교실) ;
  • 김태훈 (단국대학교 의과대학 응급의학교실) ;
  • 이준형 (단국대학교 의과대학 환경보건센터) ;
  • 강석훈 (단국대학교 의과대학 환경보건센터) ;
  • 임명호 (단국대학교 의과대학 환경보건센터)
  • Received : 2012.07.04
  • Accepted : 2012.10.06
  • Published : 2012.10.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective : The current study investigated the psychopathology characteristics of the suicide attempter visited in a university hospital for one year using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) test commonly used in clinical medicine. Methods : 72 suicide attempter and 115 control group completed the Korean version of the MMPI. Results : The MMPI scores of the suicide attempters were significantly higher on the lie (L), infrequency (F), defensiveness (K), paranoia (Pa), psychasthenia (Pt), schizophrenia (Sc), hypomania (Ma) than the comparison group. Conclusion : We supposed that suicide attempter have more chance of being paranoid, psychasthenic, schizoid or hypomanic than the control group relatively. They seem to have psychotic psychopathology rather than neurotic psychopathology. These results suppoed that the psychopatholgy of suicide attempter may be different from the control group. However the final decision is indefinite, it needs more well designed systemic studies.

Keywords

References

  1. National Statistical Office. Korean Statistics 2010: the causes of death. Daejeon: Korean Statistical Information Service; 2012. http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea/index.action.
  2. O'Carroll PW, Berman AL, Maris RW, Moscicki EK, Tanney BL, Silverman MM. Beyond the Tower of Babel: a nomenclature for suicidology. Suicide Life Threat Behav 1996;26:237-252.
  3. Han SW, Yoo HJ, Chae SK, Yoon DJ, Bahn GH. Psychiatric characteristics of patients with intentional self harm in E.R. J Korean Assoc Soc Psychiatry 2004;9:3-9.
  4. Hwang G, Park SH, Kim HR. A clinical study of suicidal attempters visiting the emergency room. Med J Chosun Univ 1997;22:186-197.
  5. Robins E. The Final Months. New York: Oxford University Press;1981.
  6. Weisman M, Fox K, Klerman GL. Hostility and depression associated with suicide attempts. Am J Psychiatry 1973;130:450-455.
  7. Fawcett J, Scheftner W, Clark D, Hedeker D, Gibbons R, Coryell W. Clinical predictors of suicide of patients with major affective disorders: a controlled prospective study. Am J Psychiatry 1987;144:35-40.
  8. Malone KM, Oquendo MA, Hass G, Ellis SP, Li S, Mann JJ. Protective factors against suicidal acts in major depression: reasons for living. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157:1084-1088. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.7.1084
  9. Oquendo MA, Galfalvy H, Russo S, Ellis SP, Grunebaum MF, Bruke A, et al. Prospective study of clinical predictors of suicidal acts after a major depressive episode in patients with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161:1433-1441. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.8.1433
  10. Valtonen H, Suominen K, Mantere O, Leppamaki S, Arvilommi P, Isometsa ET. Suicidal ideation and attempts in bipolar I and II disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 2005;66:1456-1462. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.v66n1116
  11. Maser JD, Akiskal HS, Schettler P, Scheftner W, Mueller T, Endicott J, et al. Can temperament identify affectively ill patients who engage in lethal or non-lethal suicidal behavior? A 14-year prospective study. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2002;32:10-32. https://doi.org/10.1521/suli.32.1.10.22183
  12. Heisel MJ, Duberstein PR, Conner KR, Franus N, Beckman A, Conwell Y. Personality and reports of suicide ideation among depressed adults 50 years of age or older. J Affect Disord 2006;90:175-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2005.11.005
  13. Serin R, Motiuk L, Wichmann C. An examination of suicide attempts among inmates. Forum on Corrections Research 2002;14:40-42.
  14. Frances A, Fyer M, Clarkin J. Personality and suicide: Psychobiology of suicidal behavior. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1986;487:281-293. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb27907.x
  15. Kincel R. MMPI indicators of the suicide attempt. In: Soubrier JP, Vedrinne J. Depression and suicide. Paris: Pergamon;1983. p.847-850.
  16. Leonard CV. The MMPI as a suicide predictor. J Consult Clin Psychol 1977;45:367-377.
  17. Watson CG, Klett WG, Walters C, Vassar P. Suicide and the MMPI: A cross validation of predictors. J Clin Psychol 1984;40:115-119. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(198401)40:1<115::AID-JCLP2270400120>3.0.CO;2-N
  18. Gaines T, Richmond LH. Assessing suicidal behavior in basic military trainees. Mil Med 1980;145:263-266.
  19. Eyman JR, Eyman SK. Personality assessment in suicide prediction. In: Maris RW, Berman A, Maltsberger LJT, Yufit RI. Assessment and prediction of suicide. New York: Guilford;1992. p.183-201.
  20. Lester D. Why people kill themselves: A 1990's summary of research findings on suicidal behavior. Springfield, IL: Thomas;1992.
  21. Facy F, Davidson F, Angel P. Valeur decisionnelle d'un test de personnalite (Mini-Mult) dans la differenciation des adolescents suicidants ou non-suicidants, par une analyse discriminante. Crisis 1983;4:87-99.
  22. Clopton JR, Post RD, Larde J. Identification of suicide attempters by means of MMPI profiles. J Clin Psychol 1983;39:868-871. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(198311)39:6<868::AID-JCLP2270390609>3.0.CO;2-R
  23. Waters BG, Sendbuehler JM, Kincel RL, Boodoosingh LA, Marchenko I. The use of the MMPI for the differentiation of suicidal and non-suicidal depressions. Can J Psychiatry 1982;27:663-667.
  24. Panton JH. The identification of pre-dispositional factors in self-mutilation in a state prison population. J Clin Psychol 1962;18:133-136. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(196204)18:2<133::AID-JCLP2270180207>3.0.CO;2-2
  25. Daigle M. MMPI inmate profiles: suicide completers, suicide attempters, and non-suicidal controls. Behav Sci Law 2004;22:833-842. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.618
  26. Pompili M, Rihmer Z, Akiskal HS, Innamorati M, Iliceto P, Akiskal KK, et al. Temperament and personality dimensions in suicidal and nonsuicidal psychiatric inpatients. Psychopathology 2008; 41:313-321. https://doi.org/10.1159/000146069
  27. Watson CG, Klett WG, Walters C, Laughlin PR. Identification of suicidal episodes with the MMPI. Psychol Rep 1983;53:919-922. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1983.53.3.919
  28. Whitehead PC, Johnson FG, Ferrence R. Measuring the incidence of self-injury: Some methodological and design considerations. Am J Orthopsychiatry 1973;43:142-148.
  29. Kim JS. Clinical interpretation of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Seoul: Seoul National University Press;1998.
  30. Kim YH, Kim JS, No MR, Shin DK, Yeom TH, Oh SW. Practice outline of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Seoul: Korean Guidance;1994.
  31. Shea SJ. Personality characteristics of self-mutilating male prisoners. J Clin Psychol 1993;49:576-585. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199307)49:4<576::AID-JCLP2270490416>3.0.CO;2-G
  32. Butcher JN. The MMPI-2 in Psychological treatment. New York: Oxford University Press;1990.
  33. Greene RL, Brown RC, PAR Staff. MMPI-2 Adult Interpretive System. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources;1990.
  34. Lucas BA, Newmark CH. MMPI scale 9 changes in incarcerated felons. Psychol Rep 1993;72:28-30. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1993.72.1.28
  35. Bland RC, Newman SC, Dyck RJ, Orn H. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders and suicide attempts in a prison population. Can J Psychiatry 1990;35:407-413.
  36. Verona E, Patrick CJ, Joiner TE. Psychopathy, antisocial personality, and suicide risk. J Abnorm Psychol 2001;110:462-470.
  37. Von Cleve E, Jemelka R, Trupin E. Reliability of psychological test scores for offenders entering a state prison system. Crim Justice Behav 1991;18:159-165. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854891018002004
  38. Yamada T, Kawanishi C, Hasegawa H, Sato R, Konishi A, Kato D, et al. Psychiatric assessment of suicide attempters in Japan: a pilot study at a critical emergency unit in an urban area. BMC Psychiatry 2007;7:64. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-7-64