DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Safety-Maximizing Design of Exclusive Bus Lanes

안전성 제고를 위한 버스전용차로 디자인 연구

  • Yang, Chul-Su (Urban and Environmental Department, Gwangju Development Institute)
  • 양철수 (광주발전연구원 도시환경연구실)
  • Received : 2011.04.06
  • Accepted : 2012.07.23
  • Published : 2012.08.31

Abstract

Exclusive bus lane (EBL) is typically located in the roadway median, and is accessed by weaving across the GPLs(general purpose lanes) before entering from the left lane of the GPLs. To maximize the potential for successful EBL operations, a critical design issue that requires special attention is the length of bus weaving section before entering EBL. The process of developing guidelines for the length of bus weaving section can be supported by a sensitivity analysis of performance measure (safety) with respect to the bus weaving distance. However, field data are difficult to obtain due to inherent complexity in creating performance measure (safety) samples under various interesting flows and bus weaving distance that are keys to research success. In this paper, VISSIM simulation is applied to simulate the operation of roadway weaving areas with EBL, and based on vehicle trajectory data from microscopic traffic simulation models, the Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM) computes the number of surrogate conflicts (or degree of safety) with respect to the bus weaving distance. Then, a multiple linear regression (MLR) model using safety data (number of surrogate conflicts) is developed. Finally, guidelines for bus weaving distance are established based on the developed MLR. Developed guidelines explicitly indicate that a longer bus weaving distance is required to maintain desired safety as weaving volume increases.

도로 중앙에 위치한 버스전용차로는 일반차로상에서 복수의 차로변경을 통해 일반차로의 가장왼쪽 차로에서 버스전용차로로 진입할 수 있다. 성공적인 버스전용차로 운영을 위해서 특히 주목해야 할 사항은 도로 진입구에서 도로중앙에 위치한 버스전용차로 진 출입구간까지의 적당한 차로변경구간길이이다. 차로변경길이 증감에 대한 안전민감도 분석을 통해 적절한 차로변경구간길이에 대한 지침을 도출할 수 있다. 하지만 차로변경구간길이에 대한 지침을 도출하기 위한 과정은 다양한 교통량 및 차로변경구간길이와 안전과의 상관관계 현장데이터가 필요하기 때문에 어려움이 있다. 본 연구는 미시적 교통시뮬레이션 프로그램(VISSIM)을 통해 차량의 흐름을 시뮬레이션하고, 시뮬레이션된 각 차량의 궤도(trajectory) 데이터를 기초로 Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM)을 이용하여 차로변경구간길이 증감에 따른 차량들간의 상충횟수(또는 안전의 정도)를 조사한다. 그리고 차로변경구간길이와 상충횟수의 관계를 다중선형회귀모형으로 정립한다. 마지막으로 다중선형회귀모형을 통해 차로변경구간길이에 대한 디자인 지침을 도출한다. 디자인 지침은 차로변경 교통량이 증가할수록 안전을 확보하기 위해 증가된 차로변경길이가 요구됨을 보여준다.

Keywords

References

  1. Department of Transportation (Caltrans) (1991), High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) Guidelines for Planning, Design and Operations, Division of Traffic Operations, Business, Transportation and Housing Agency, State of California.
  2. Fuhs C. A.(1990), High Occupancy Vehicle Facilities: A Planning, Design, and Operation Manual, Parsons Brinckerhoff, Quade and Douglas, Incorporated, New York, NY.
  3. Transportation Research Board(2000), Highway Capacity Manual.
  4. Turnbull K. and Capelle D.(1998), HOV Systems Manual, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council.
  5. Williams J. C., Mattingly S. P. and Yang S.(2010), Assessment and Validation of Managed Lanes, TxDOT, Report No.FHWA/ TX-09/0-5578-1.
  6. Yang C. S., Mattingly S. P., Kim H. W. and Kwon Y. J.(2010), Design Guideline Development for Managed Lane Access Spacing Using Gap Acceptance Theory, Journal of Korean Society of Transportation, Vol.28, No.4, Korean Society of Transportation, pp.177- 185.