Food Science of Animal Resources (한국축산식품학회지)

Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources (한국축산식품학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Simultaneous Determination of Vitamin A and E in Infant Formula by HPLC with Photodiode Array Detection

  • Lee, Hong-Min (Food Safety Center, Research and Development Institute, Namyang Dariy Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Kwak, Byung-Man (Food Safety Center, Research and Development Institute, Namyang Dariy Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Ahn, Jang-Hyuk (Food Safety Center, Research and Development Institute, Namyang Dariy Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Jeong, Seung-Hwan (Food Safety Center, Research and Development Institute, Namyang Dariy Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Shim, Sung-Lye (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University) ;
  • Kim, Kyong-Su (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University) ;
  • Yoon, Tae-Hyung (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Leem, Dong-Gil (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, Korea Food and Drug Administration) ;
  • Jeong, Ja-Young (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, Korea Food and Drug Administration)
  • Received : 2010.09.20
  • Accepted : 2011.03.18
  • Published : 2011.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The objective of this study was to develop a method to simultaneously quantify vitamins A and E in infant formula. To determine the vitamin A and E content, vitamin A and four different vitamin E isomers (${\alpha}$-, ${\beta}$-, ${\gamma}$-, and ${\delta}$-tocopherol) were separated by high performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector using a Develosil RPAQUEOUS RP-$C_{30}$ column ($4.6{\times}250$ mm, 5 ${\mu}M$). The vitamin A and E contents in the certified reference material determined using this method were within the certified range of standard values. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantitation (LOQs) for vitamin A were 0.02 and 0.06 ${\mu}g/L$, respectively. LODs and LOQs for the vitamin E isomers ranged from 0.20 to 0.55 and from 0.67 to 1.81 ${\mu}g/L$, respectively. Linear analyses indicated that the square of the correlation coefficient for the vitamin A and E isomers was 0.9997-0.9999. The recovery of vitamins ranged from 96.69 to 97.79%. The results demonstrate that this novel method could be used to reliably analyze vitamin A and E content in infant formula.

Keywords

References

  1. AOAC (2005) Official Methods of Analysis. 18th ed, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, MA, USA, Ch 50, pp. 4-5.
  2. CEN (European Committee for Standardization) (2000a) Foodstuffs-Determination of vitamin A by HPLC. Part I. Measurement of all-trans-retinol and 13-cis-retinol. BS EN 12823-1.
  3. CEN (European Committee for Standardization) (2000b) Foodstuffs-Determination of vitamin E by HPLC. Measurement of alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol. BS EN 12822.
  4. Chase, G. W., Akoh, C. C., and Eitenmiller, R. R. (1994) Analysis of tocopherols in vegetable oils by high-performance liquid chromatography: comparison of fluorescence and evaporative light-scattering detection. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 71, 877-880. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02540466
  5. Chase, G. W. and Long, A. R. (1998) Liquid chromatographic method for analysis of all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate and retinyl palmitate in milk-based infant formula using matrix solid-phase dispersion. J. AOAC Int. 81, 582-586.
  6. Codex (2007) Standard for infant formula and formulas for special medical purposes intended for infants. Codex Stan. 72-1981.
  7. Daood, H. G., Korbasz, M., and Hamdan, S. (2008) Simulatneous HPLC determination of Ergosterol, Tocopherols and Cartenoids in foods. Chromatographia 68, S137-S140. https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-008-0666-7
  8. ICH (International Conference on Harmonization of Technical) Expert Working Group (2005) ICH Harmonized tripartite guideline validation of analytical procedures : text and methodology Q2(R1). Step 4:1-18.
  9. Jonathan, W. D. and Karlene, R. S. (2002) Determination of vitamin A (Retinol) and vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) in foods by liquid chromatography. Collaborative. J. AOAC Int. 85, 424-434.
  10. Jorge, L., Chavez, S., Ana, I. C., and M. Carmen, L. S. (2006) Simultaneous analysis of vitamin A and E in infant milk-based formulae by normal-phase high performance chromatography-diode array detection using a short narrowbore column. J. Chromatogr. A 1122, 138-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.04.059
  11. Jorge, L., Chavez, S., Ana, I. C., and M. Carmen, L. S. (2008) Vitamins A and E content in infant milk-based powered formulae after opening the packet. Food Chem. 106, 299-309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.05.088
  12. Kamal-Eldin, A., Gorgen, S., Pettersson, J., and Lampi, A. M. (2000) Normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of tocopherols and tocotrienols. Comparison of different chromatographic columns. J. Chromatogr. A 881, 217-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(99)01346-1
  13. KFDA (Korea Food and Drug Administration) (2009a) Food Standards Codes. Korean Foods Industry Association, Seoul, Korea.
  14. KFDA (Korea Food and Drug Administration) (2009b) Food Standards Codes. Korean Foods Industry Association, Seoul, Korea, pp. 742-744.
  15. KNS (The Korean Nutrition Society) (2001) Recommended dietary allowances for Koreans. 7th rev. The Korea Nutrition Society, Seoul, Korea. pp. 94-98.
  16. Michael, T., Stephen, L. R. E., and Roger, W. (2002) Harmonized guidelines for single-laboratory validation of methods of analysis (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem. 74, 835-855. https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200274050835
  17. Olivier, H., Marie, J. T., and Christopher, J. B. (2004) Simultaneous quantification of Vitamin A, D3 and E in fortified infant formulae by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 1022, 115-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2003.09.062
  18. Podda, M., Weber, C., Traber, M. G., and Packer, L. (1996) Simultaneous determination of tissue tocopherols, tocotrienols, ubiquinols, and ubiquinones. J. Lipid Res. 37, 893-901.
  19. Qian, H. and Sheng, M. (1998) Simultaneous determination of fat-soluble vitamin A, D and E and pro-vitamin D2 in animal feeds by one-step extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. J. Chromatogr. A 825, 127-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00733-X
  20. Rodas, M. B., Morera, P. S., Castellote B. A. I., and Lopez- Sabater, M. C. (2003) Rapid determination by revesed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of vitamins A and E in infant formulas. J. Chromatogr. A 1018, 197-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2003.08.018
  21. Soledad, A. H., Sonia, N. R., M Teresa, V. N., and Abel, M. F. (1997) Determination of vitamins A and E in infant milk formula by high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 778, 243-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00353-1
  22. Speek, A. J., Schrijver, J., and Schreurs, W. H. P. (1985) Vitamin E composition of some seed oils as determined by highperformance liquid chromatography. J. Food Sci. 50, 121-124.
  23. Syvaoja, E. L., Piironen, V., Varo, P., Koivistoinen, P., and Salminen, K. (1985) Tocopherols and tocotrienols in Finnish food: human milk and infant formulas. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 55, 159-166.
  24. Tuan, S., Lee, T. F., Chou, C. C., and Wei, Q. K. (1989) Determination of vitamin E homologues in infant formulas by HPLC using fluorometric detection. J. Micronutr. Anal. 6, 35-45.
  25. Wang, L. H., and Wang, J. F. (2001) Determination of retinoids in human serum, tocopherol and retinyl acetate in pharmaceuticals by RP-HPLC with electrochemical detection. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 25, 785-793. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(01)00381-8
  26. Warner, K., and Mounts, T. L. (1990) Analysis of tocopherols and phytosterols in vegetable oils by HPLC with evaporative light-scattering detection. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 67, 827-831. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02540500

Cited by

  1. A Fast HPLC Method for Determination of Vitamin E Acetate in Dietary Supplements Using Monolithic Column vol.6, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-012-9452-0
  2. Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Common Nutritional Components, in Feed and Food vol.8, pp.1, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8010001