Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy (식물분류학회지)

The Korean Society of Plant Taxonomists (한국식물분류학회)
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Environmental characteristics on habitats of Viola diamantiaca Nakai and its RAPD analysis

금강제비꽃(Viola diamantiaca Nakai) 자생지의 환경특성과 RAPD 분석

  • Seo, Won-Bok (Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Yoo, Ki-Oug (Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University)
  • 서원복 (강원대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학과) ;
  • 유기억 (강원대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학과)
  • Received : 2011.02.17
  • Accepted : 2011.03.08
  • Published : 2011.03.31
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Abstract

This study investigated the environmental factors and conducted a RAPD analysis for a better understanding of the environmental characteristics and regional genetic variation in samples from 18 different areas of Viola diamantiaca. The habitats are mostly located on the slopes of mountains facing north at an altitude ranging from 614 m to 1,462 m above sea level with angles of inclination ranging from 3 degrees to 30 degrees. A total of 268 vascular plant taxa are identified in 35 quadrates of 18 habitats. The importance value of V. diamantiaca is 11.58%, and four highly ranked species, Sasa borealis (5.61%), Meehania urticifolia (5.21%), Ainsliaea acerifolia (3.62%), Pseudostellaria palibiniana (3.60%) are considered to have an affinity with V. diamantiaca in their habitats. The degree of their average species diversity is 1.36, while this metric for their evenness and dominance are 0.89 and 0.07, respectively. The average field capacity of the soil is 25.99%, with organic matter at 17.47%, and the pH is 5.19. The soil texture was confirmed as sandy loam of eleven and loam of seven. The result of the RAPD analysis, among 78 bands amplified with a primer, 64 (84.6%) showed polymorphism. Eighteen populations could be classified into five groups with similarity coefficient values ranging from 0.53 to 0.86. The Mt. Jiri population, which is geographically segregated, shows basal branching within the 18 populations. Five populations, including two in the southern district in Gangwon-do and three in Chungcheongbuk-do, form a distinct clade. Four populations in the central district of Gangwon-do and Mt. Bohyeon in the Gyeongsangbuk-do clade form a sister to the clade containing two populations in Gyeonggi-do and five populations of the northern district in Gangwon-do. The Mt. Gariwang population is placed between the southern district and the central district in the Gangwon-do clades.

금강제비꽃 보전을 위한 기초자료를 확보하기 위해 18개 지역을 대상으로 자생지 환경특성과 RAPD를 이용한 집단 간 유연관계 분석을 실시하였다. 자생지는 해발 614-1,462 m의 범위에 위치하였으며, 경사는 $3-30^{\circ}$로 비교적 완만하였다. 식생조사 결과 조사된 방형구 내에 출현한 관속식물은 총 268분류군이었으며, 초본층은 금강제비꽃의 중요치가 11.58%로 가장 높았고, 다음으로는 조릿대(5.61%), 벌깨덩굴(5.21%), 단풍취(3.62%), 큰개별꽃(3.60%) 등의 순으로 나타나 이 종류들이 금강제비꽃과 친화도가 높은 것으로 생각된다. 종다양도는 평균 1.36, 균등도는 평균 0.89, 우점도는 평균 0.07로 나타나 비교적 균일한 식생구조를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 토양 분석결과 포장용수량, 유기물함량 그리고 pH는 각각 평균 25.99%, 17.47%, 5.19로 조사되었으며, 토성은 11개 지역이 사양토, 7개 지역이 양토로 확인되었다. RAPD 분석을 통해 총 78개의 band가 확인되었으며, 그 중 polymorphic band는 64(84.6%)개로 지역 간 높은 유전변이를 보였다. 18개 집단은 유사도지수 0.53-0.86 범위 내에서 5개의 분계조를 형성하였다. 지리적으로 가장 격리된 지리산 집단이 가장 기부에 위치하였고, 강원도 남부의 2개 집단과 충청북도의 3개 집단도 함께 유집되었다. 또한 강원도 중부에 위치한 4개 지역과 경상북도의 보현산이 하나의 분계조를 형성하였으며, 경기도의 2개 지역과 강원도 북부의 5개 지역이 한 개의 군을 이루었고, 가리왕산 집단은 강원도 남부와 중부집단의 분계조 사이에 위치하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 산림청

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