DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Clinical Characteristics in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with/or without Developmental Coordination Disorder Patients

발달협응장애 동반 유무에 따른 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동들의 임상적 특성

  • Song, Yoon-Jae (Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Joung, Yoo-Sook (Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • 송윤재 (성균관대학교 의과대학 삼성서울병원 정신과학교실) ;
  • 정유숙 (성균관대학교 의과대학 삼성서울병원 정신과학교실)
  • Received : 2011.11.19
  • Accepted : 2011.12.05
  • Published : 2011.12.31

Abstract

Objectives : This study explored the clinical differences in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients with and without developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Methods : Participants were 49 children and adolescents with ages between 6 and 18 years. These subjects were placed into 2 groups: ADHD without DCD (24) and ADHD with DCD (25). We used several evaluation tools on both groups: the Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version- Korean Version (K-SADS-PL), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III (WISC-IIII), Child Behavior Check List (CBCL), Korean Personality Rating Scale for Children (K-PRC), and Bruininks-Osretsky Test of Motor (BOT-2). Results : Patients with both ADHD and DCD had a lower performance intelligence quotient and more internal and external behavioral symptoms than patients with ADHD but not DCD. It is possible that patients with ADHD and motor coordination problems should be noticed earlier and given intensive treatment.

Keywords

References

  1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic And statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association;2000.
  2. Spencer TJ, Biederman J, Mick E. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis, lifespan, comorbidities, and neurobiology. Ambul Pediatr 2007;7:73-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ambp.2006.07.006
  3. Gillberg C. Deficits in attention, motor control, and perception: a brief review. Arch Dis Child 2003;88:904-910. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.88.10.904
  4. Cairney J, Veldhuizen S, Szatmari P. Motor coordination and emotional-behavioral problems in children. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2010; 23:324-329. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0b013e32833aa0aa
  5. Emck C, Bosscher RJ, Van Wieringen PC, Doreleijers T, Beek PJ. Gross motor performance and physical fitness in children with psychiatric disorders. Dev Med Child Neurol 2011;53:150-155. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03806.x
  6. Emck C, Bosscher R, Beek P, Doreleijers T. Gross motor performance and self-perceived motor competence in children with emotional, behavioural, and pervasive developmental disorders: a review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2009;51:501-517. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03337.x
  7. Steinhausen HC, Nøvik TS, Baldursson G, Curatolo P, Lorenzo MJ, Rodrigues Pereira R, et al. Co-existing psychiatric problems in ADHD in the ADORE cohort. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2006; 15 Suppl 1:I25-I29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-006-1004-y
  8. Fliers EA, de Hoog ML, Franke B, Faraone SV, Rommelse NN, Buitelaar JK, et al. Actual motor performance and self-perceived motor competence in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder compared with healthy siblings and peers. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2010;31:35-40. https://doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0b013e3181c7227e
  9. Gillberg C. Hyperactivity, inattention and motor control problems: prevalence, comorbidity and background factors. Folia Phoniatr Logop 1998;50:107-117. https://doi.org/10.1159/000021456
  10. Dunford C. Goal-orientated group intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2011; 31:288-300. https://doi.org/10.3109/01942638.2011.565864
  11. Hillier S, McIntyre A, Plummer L. Aquatic physical therapy for children with developmental coordination disorder: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2010;30:111-124. https://doi.org/10.3109/01942630903543575
  12. Kaufman J, Birmaher B, Brent D, Rao U, Flynn C, Moreci P, et al. Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL): initial reliability and validity data. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1997;36: 980-988. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199707000-00021
  13. Kwack KJ PH, Kim CT. Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III. Seoul: Special Education Publishing Co;1991.
  14. Achenbach TM. Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 and 1991 profile. Burlington: Vermont University Press;1991.
  15. Oh KJ, Lee HL, Hong KY, Ha EH. Korean Child Behavior Checklist. Seoul: Chungangjucksung Publication;1997.
  16. Cho SM PH, Kim JH, Hong CY, Hwang ST. Korean Personality Rating Scale for Children. Korean Journal of Psychology. 2006; 25:825-829.
  17. Deitz JC, Kartin D, Kopp K. Review of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2). Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2007;27:87-102. https://doi.org/10.1080/J006v27n04_06
  18. Shim MS. Diagnostic evaluation of child psychopathology using Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Seoul: Hakjisa;2005.
  19. Germano E, Gagliano A, Curatolo P. Comorbidity of ADHD and dyslexia. Dev Neuropsychol 2010;35:475-493. https://doi.org/10.1080/87565641.2010.494748
  20. Wilens TE, Biederman J, Brown S, Tanguay S, Monuteaux MC, Blake C, et al. Psychiatric comorbidity and functioning in clinically referred preschool children and school-age youths with ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2002;41:262-268. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200203000-00005
  21. Spencer TJ. ADHD and comorbidity in childhood. J Clin Psychiatry 2006;67 Suppl 8:27-31.
  22. Biederman J, Newcorn J, Sprich S. Comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with conduct, depressive, anxiety, and other disorders. Am J Psychiatry 1991;148:564-577. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.148.5.564
  23. Byun H, Yang J, Lee M, Jang W, Yang JW, Kim JH, et al. Psychiatric comorbidity in Korean children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: psychopathology according to subtype. Yonsei Med J 2006;47:113-121. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2006.47.1.113
  24. Byun JY, Lee MS, Jang WS, Yang JW, Ji-Hae Kim JH. Psychiatric comorbidity in Korean children and adolescents with attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder: psychopathology according to subtype. Yonsei Medical Journal 2006:47:113-21. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2006.47.1.113
  25. Keiley MK, Lofthouse N, Bates JE, Dodge KA, Pettit GS. Differential risks of covarying and pure components in mother and teacher reports of externalizing and internalizing behavior across ages 5 to 14. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2003;31:267-283. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023277413027
  26. Skinner RA, Piek JP. Psychosocial implications of poor motor coordination in children and adolescents. Hum Mov Sci 2001;20:73-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9457(01)00029-X
  27. Jongmans MJ, Smits-Engelsman BC, Schoemaker MM. Consequences of comorbidity of developmental coordination disorders and learning disabilities for severity and pattern of perceptual-motor dysfunction. J Learn Disabil 2003;36:528-537. https://doi.org/10.1177/00222194030360060401
  28. Martin NC, Piek JP, Hay D. DCD and ADHD: a genetic study of their shared aetiology. Hum Mov Sci 2006;25:110-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2005.10.006
  29. Fliers E, Vermeulen S, Rijsdijk F, Altink M, Buschgens C, Rommelse N, et al. ADHD and poor motor performance from a family genetic perspective. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2009;48:25-34. https://doi.org/10.1097/CHI.0b013e31818b1ca2
  30. Pearsall-Jones JG, Piek JP, Rigoli D, Martin NC, Levy F. An investigation into etiological pathways of DCD and ADHD using a monozygotic twin design. Twin Res Hum Genet 2009;12:381-391. https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.12.4.381
  31. Alloway TP. Working memory, reading, and mathematical skills in children with developmental coordination disorder. J Exp Child Psychol 2007;96:20-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2006.07.002
  32. Alloway TP, Archibald L. Working memory and learning in children with developmental coordination disorder and specific language impairment. J Learn Disabil 2008;41:251-262. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219408315815
  33. Alloway TP, Rajendran G, Archibald LM. Working memory in children with developmental disorders. J Learn Disabil 2009;42:372-382. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022219409335214
  34. Mariani M, Barkley RA. Neuropsychological and academic functioning in preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Developmental Neuropsychology 1997;13:111-129 https://doi.org/10.1080/87565649709540671
  35. Mayes SD, Calhoun SL. WISC-IV and WISC-III profiles in children with ADHD. J Atten Disord 2006;9:486-493. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054705283616
  36. Coleman R, Piek JP, Livesey DJ. A longitudinal study of motor ability and kinaesthetic acuity in young children at risk of developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2001;20:95-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9457(01)00030-6
  37. Mariani M, Barkley RA. Neuropsychological and academic functioning in preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Developmental Neuropsychology 1997;13:111-129 https://doi.org/10.1080/87565649709540671
  38. Wilson BN, Crawford SG, Green D, Roberts G, Aylott A, Kaplan BJ. Psychometric properties of the revised Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2009;29:182-202. https://doi.org/10.1080/01942630902784761

Cited by

  1. Effect of Pharmacological Treatment for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder on Motor Coordination: Open Label Study vol.28, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.2017.28.4.244
  2. Efficacy of Hippotherapy Versus Pharmacotherapy in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial vol.24, pp.5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2017.0358
  3. Correlation between Motor Coordination Skills and Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties in Children with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder vol.17, pp.20, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207362