Altered Expression of ${\beta}_3$ Integrin on Sclerotic Aortic Valves in a Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit Model

고콜레스테롤혈증을 유발한 토끼의 대동맥 판막에서 ${\beta}_3$ Integrin 발현의 변화

  • Park, Chan-Beom (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Kim, Young-Du (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Choe, Mi-Sun (Department of Pathology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jin, Ung (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Moon, Seok-Whan (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Han (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Kim, Chi-Kyung (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Jo, Keon-Hyon (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Kweon, Jong-Bum (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • 박찬범 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김영두 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 최미선 (계명대학교 의과대학 동산의료원 병리학교실) ;
  • 진웅 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 문석환 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김용한 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김치경 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 조건현 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 권종범 (가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실)
  • Published : 2008.12.05

Abstract

Background: Although aortic valve sclerosis causes no significant hemodynamic alterations, it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction. However, the role of ${\beta}_3$ integrin in aortic valve sclerosis remains unclear. Material and Method: Twenty male New Zealand rabbits were divided into two groups. Group 1 rabbits (n=10) received a normal chow diet, while group 2 (n=10) rabbits received a diet containing 1% cholesterol for 12 weeks. After the rabbits were euthanized, their aortic valves and ascending aortas were excised for analysis. Result: Total serum cholesterol ($2,148.3{\pm}1,012.5\;mg/dL$ versus $53.7{\pm}31.8\;mg/dL$, p<0.05), triglyceride ($240.4{\pm}218.3\;mg/dL$ versus $31.6{\pm}6.4\;mg/dL$, p<0.05), and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol($2,065.3{\pm}960.9\;mg/dL$ versus $29.1{\pm}30.9\;mg/dL$, p<0.05) levels were significantly higher in the cholesterol diet group compared with the normal diet group. Myofibroblasts and macrophages were more highly expressed in the aortic valve leaflets of rabbits in the cholesterol diet group than of those in the normal diet group. A real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed decreased ${\beta}_3$ integrin mRNA levels in the hypercholesterolemic aortic valves and aortas. Conclusion: The present study shows that hypercholesterolemia induces aortic valve sclerosis. These findings suggest that alterations in ${\beta}_3$ integrin may playa role in the development of aortic valve sclerosis.

배경: 대동맥 판막 경화증은 고령에서 흔히 나타나며, 대동맥 판막 협착증처럼 좌심실 유출로를 폐쇄하지는 않으나 심혈관질환으로의 사망 위험성이 50%나 증가되며, 심근경색증의 위험성이 높다. 그러나, 대동맥 판막경화증에서 ${\beta}_3$ integrin의 관련성은 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 대상 및 방법: 20마리의 뉴질랜드산 토끼들을 2군으로 나눈 후, 1군(10마리)에서는 정상식이를 시행하였고, 2군(10마리)에서는 1% 콜레스테롤식이를 시행하였다. 12주간 식이후 실험동물을 희생시켜 대동맥 판막 및 상행대동맥을 채취하였다. 각군의 토끼들의 혈장에서 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 저밀도(LDL)-콜레스테롤, 고밀도(HDL)-콜레스테롤 수치를 측정하였으며, 대동맥 판막과 대동맥에서 HE 염색을 시행하였고, 대동맥 판막에서 근육섬유모세포, 대식세포에 대한 면역조직화학염색을 시행하였으며, ${\beta}_3$, integrin에 대한 정량적검사를 위하여 Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)을 시행하였다. 결과: 총 콜레스테롤($2148.3{\pm}1012.5\;mg/dL$ versus $53.7{\pm}31.8\;mg/dL$, p<0.05), 중성지방($240.4{\pm}218.3\;mg/dL$ versus $31.6{\pm}6.4\;mg/dL$, p<0.05), 저밀도-콜레스테롤 수치($2,065.3{\pm}960.9\;mg/dL$ versus $29.1{\pm}30.9\;mg/dL$, p<0.05)는 정상식이군과 비교해서 콜레스테롤 식이군에서 의미 있게 증가하였다. 대동맥판막의 면역 조직화학염색에서 근육섬유모세포와 대식세포는 콜레스테롤식이군에서 발현이 증가되었다. RT-PCR을 이용한 정량적 검사에서 ${\beta}_3$ integrin mRNA의 발현은 대동맥판막과 대동맥 모두 콜레스테롤 식이군에서 의미 있게 감소되어 있었다(p<0.05). 결론 : 콜레스테롤식이에 의한 고콜레스테롤혈증은 토끼의 대동맥 판막에서 대동맥 판막경화증을 유발하였다. 석회화 대동맥 판막의 초기 상태인대동맥 판막 경화증은 초기죽상경화병변과 유사한 과정을 보이며, 이는 ${\beta}_3$, integrin의 감소가 중요한 역할을 한다고 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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