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Altered Expression of ${\beta}_3$ Integrin on Sclerotic Aortic Valves in a Hypercholesterolemic Rabbit Model  

Park, Chan-Beom (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Kim, Young-Du (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Choe, Mi-Sun (Department of Pathology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University College of Medicine)
Jin, Ung (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Moon, Seok-Whan (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Kim, Yong-Han (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Kim, Chi-Kyung (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Jo, Keon-Hyon (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Kweon, Jong-Bum (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea)
Publication Information
Journal of Chest Surgery / v.41, no.6, 2008 , pp. 687-694 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: Although aortic valve sclerosis causes no significant hemodynamic alterations, it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death and myocardial infarction. However, the role of ${\beta}_3$ integrin in aortic valve sclerosis remains unclear. Material and Method: Twenty male New Zealand rabbits were divided into two groups. Group 1 rabbits (n=10) received a normal chow diet, while group 2 (n=10) rabbits received a diet containing 1% cholesterol for 12 weeks. After the rabbits were euthanized, their aortic valves and ascending aortas were excised for analysis. Result: Total serum cholesterol ($2,148.3{\pm}1,012.5\;mg/dL$ versus $53.7{\pm}31.8\;mg/dL$, p<0.05), triglyceride ($240.4{\pm}218.3\;mg/dL$ versus $31.6{\pm}6.4\;mg/dL$, p<0.05), and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol($2,065.3{\pm}960.9\;mg/dL$ versus $29.1{\pm}30.9\;mg/dL$, p<0.05) levels were significantly higher in the cholesterol diet group compared with the normal diet group. Myofibroblasts and macrophages were more highly expressed in the aortic valve leaflets of rabbits in the cholesterol diet group than of those in the normal diet group. A real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed decreased ${\beta}_3$ integrin mRNA levels in the hypercholesterolemic aortic valves and aortas. Conclusion: The present study shows that hypercholesterolemia induces aortic valve sclerosis. These findings suggest that alterations in ${\beta}_3$ integrin may playa role in the development of aortic valve sclerosis.
Keywords
Aortic valve; Hypercholesterolemia; Atherosclerosis; Integrins;
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