A Localization Using Multiple Round Trip Times in Wireless Sensor Networks

무선 센서 네트워크에서 다중 왕복시간차를 이용한 위치측정

  • 장상욱 (홍익대학교 컴퓨터공학과) ;
  • 하란 (홍익대학교 컴퓨터공학과)
  • Published : 2007.10.15

Abstract

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), thousands of sensors are often deployed in a hostile environment. In such an environment, WSNs can be applied to various applications by using the absolute or relative location information of the sensors. Until now, the time-of-arrival (TOA) based localization method has been considered most accurate. In the TOA method, however, inaccuracy in distance estimation is caused by clock drift and clock skew between sensor nodes. To solve this problem, several numbers of periodic time synchronization methods were suggested while these methods introduced overheads to the packet traffic. In this paper, we propose a new localization method based on multiple round-trip times (RTOA) of a signal which gives more accurate distance and location estimation even in the presence of clock skew between sensor nodes. Our experimental results show that the Proposed RTOA method gives up to 93% more accurate location estimation.

무선 센서 네트워크(WSNs)에서는 수많은 센서들이 사람이 접근하기 어려운 환경에 배치된다. 이러한 환경에서, 센서들의 절대적 또는 상대적인 위치정보를 이용함으로써 무선 센서 네트워크를 다양한 응용서비스에 이용할 수 있다. 지금까지는 센서 노드의 위치를 측정하는 방법으로 신호의 도착시간차(time-of-arrival, TOA)에 기반을 둔 방법이 가장 정확도가 높게 평가되었다. 그러나 TOA방법에서는 두 노드간에 clock skew나 clock drift가 생기면 거리오차가 발생하게 된다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 주기적인 시간동기화 기법들이 제시되었는데, 이러한 방법에서는 거리오차를 줄일 수 있지만 시간동기화에 따른 overhead가 발생하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 clock skew가 발생하는 상황에서도 거리와 위치 정확도를 높일 수 있는 신호의 다중 왕복시간차(multiple round-trip times of arrival, RTOA)에 기반한 위치 측정 방법을 제안한다. 실험 결과, RTOA가 기존의 TOA방법보다 최대 93%의 위치 정확도 향상을 보였다.

Keywords

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