Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology

The Korean Society of Environmental Health and Toxicology (환경독성보건학회)
권호 표지

Cadmium-induced E-cadherin Expression in Cerebrovascular Endothelial Cells

카드뮴이 뇌혈관 내피세포에서의 E-cadherin 발현에 미치는 영향

  • Seok, Sun-Mi (Department of Physiology, Ajou University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Tae-Gu (Department of Physiology, Ajou University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Young-Chae (Department of Physiology, Ajou University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Moon, Chang-Hyun (Department of Physiology, Ajou University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Baik, Eun-Joo (Department of Physiology, Ajou University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Jung, Yi-Sook (Department of Physiology, Ajou University, School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Soo-Hwan (Department of Physiology, Ajou University, School of Medicine)
  • Published : 2007.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The effect of cadmium chloride $(CdCl_2)$ on the expression of E-cadherin was examined in bEnd.3 mouse brain endothelial cells. $CdCl_2$ induced $PGE_2$ release, which were blocked by non-steroidal antinflamatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as indomethacin and NS398 indicating the expression of COX-2 might contribute to $PGE_2$ production. $CdCl_2$ decreased the expression of E-cadherin, but not VE-cadherin at levels of mRNA and protein. Reduced expression level of E-cadherin was restored by NSAIDs, which was reversed by the addition of $PGE_2$. $CdC_2$-induced decrease of E-cadherin level was also recovered by antioxidants including N-acetylcyteine (NAC) and trolox. Together with previous report which showed $CdCl_2$ induced COX-2 expression in a cellular oxidative stress dependent manner, these data suggest that $CdCl_2$ decreases E-cadherin expression through induction of cellular oxidative stress and in turn COX-2 expression in brain endothelial cells.

Keywords

References

  1. Andriopouplou P, Navarro P, Zanetti A, Lampugnani MG and Dejana E. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1999; 19: 2286-2297 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.19.10.2286
  2. Brightman MW. The anatomic basis of the blood-barrier. In implications of the blood brain barrier and its manipulation. Vol. 1. Basic Sciences Aspects. Neuwelt E ed. Plenum Publishing Corp. New York 1989; 53-83
  3. Caveda L, Martin-Padura I, Navarro P, Breviario F, Corada M, Gulino D and Dejana E. Inhibition of cultured cell growth by vascular endothelial cadherin (cadherin-5/VE-cadherin). J. Clin. Invest. 1996; 98(4): 886-893 https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI118870
  4. Chen B and Hales BF. Cadmium-induced rat embryotoxicity in vitro is associated with an increased abundance of Ecadherin protein in the yolk sac. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1994; 128(2): 293-301 https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.1994.1209
  5. Corada M, Mariotti M, Thurston G, Smith K, Kunkel R, Brockhaus M, Lampugnani MG, Martin-Padura I, Stoppacciaro A, Ruco L, McDonald DM, Ward PA and Dejana E. Vascular endothelial-cadherin is an important of microvascular integrity in vivo. Proc. Natl. Sci. USA. 1999; 96(17): 9815-9820
  6. Couraud PO. Infiltration of inflammatory cells through brain endothelium. Pathol. Biol. (Paris) 1998; 46(3): 176-180
  7. Degraeve N. Carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects of cadmium. Mutat. Res. 1981; 86: 115-135 https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1110(81)90035-X
  8. Dejana E and Del Maschio A. Molecular organization and functional regulation of cell-cell junctions in the endothelium. Thromb. Haemost. 1995; 74(1): 309-312
  9. Elliott P, Arnold R, Cockings S, Eaton N, Jarup L, Jones J, Jones J, Quinn M, Rosato M, Thornton I, Toledano M, Tristan E and Wakefield J. Risk of mortality, incidence, and stroke in a population potentially exposed to cadmium. Occup. Environ. Med. 2000; 57(2): 94-97 https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.57.2.94
  10. Fang X, Moore AS, Nwankwo JO, Weintraub LN, Oberley WL, Snyder DG and Spector AA. Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 by overexpression of the human catalase gene in cerebral microvascular endothelial cells. J. Neurochem. 2000; 75(2): 614-623 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0750614.x
  11. Fassett DW. Cadmium: Biological effects and occurrence in the environment. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. 1975; 15: 425-435 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.15.040175.002233
  12. Fukuhra S, Sakurai A, Yamagishi A, Sako A and Mochizuki N. Vasucular endothelial cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion regulated by a small TPase, Rap1. J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2006; 39(2): 132-139
  13. Gabbiani G, Badonnel M, Matthewson S and Ryan G. Acute cadmium in toxication: early selective lesions of endothelial clefts. Lab. Invest. 1974; 30(6): 686-695
  14. Geiger B. Membrane-cytoskeleton interaction. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1983; 737: 305-341 https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4157(83)90005-9
  15. Heimark RL, Degner M and Schwartz SM. Identification of a $Ca^{2+}$-dependent adhesion molecule in endothelial cells. J. Cell. Biol. 1990; 110(5): 1745-1756 https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.110.5.1745
  16. Hordijk PL, Anthony E, Mul FPJ, Rientsma R, Oomen LCJM and Roos D. Vascular endothelial-cadherin modulates endothelial monolayer permeability. J. Cell. Sci. 1999; 112 (Pt 12): 1915-1923
  17. Krizbai IA, Bauer H, Bresgen N, Eckl PM, Farkas A, Szatmari E, Traweger A, Wejksza K and Bauer HC. Effect of oxidative stress on the junctional protein of cultured cerebroendothelial cells. Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. 2005; 25(1): 129-139 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-004-1378-7
  18. Markovic-Lipkovski J, Brasanac D, Muller GA and Muller CA. Cadherins and integrins in renal cell carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study. Tumori. 2001; 87: 173-178 https://doi.org/10.1177/030089160108700312
  19. Nolan F, Kools P and van Roy F. Phylogenetic analysis of the cadherin superfamily allows identification of six major subfamilies besides several solitary members. J. Mol. Biol. 2000; 299(3): 551-572 https://doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.2000.3777
  20. Okuda B, Iwamoto Y, Tachibana H and Sugita M. Parkinsonism after acute cadmium poisoning. Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg. 1997; 99(4): 263-265 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0303-8467(97)00090-5
  21. Park DH, Kim YC, Moon CK, Jung YS, Baik EJ, Moon CH and Lee SH. Cadmium-induced COX-2 expression in cerebrovascular endothelial cells. J. Environ. Toxicol. 2006; 21(3): 275-282
  22. Parrish AR, Catania JM, Orozco J and Gandolfi AJ. Chemically induced oxidative stress disrupts the E-cadherin/catenin cell adhesion complex. Toxicol. Sci. 1999; 51(1): 80-86 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/51.1.80
  23. Pearson CA, Lamar PC and Prozialeck WC. Effects of cadmium on E-cadherin and VE-cadherin in mouse lung. Life Sci. 2003; 72: 1303-1320 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(02)02379-2
  24. Pouramad J and O'Brien PJ. A comparison of hepatocyte cytotoxic mechanisms for $Cu^{2+}andCd^{2+}$. Toxicology. 2000; 143: 263-273 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(99)00178-X
  25. Prozialeck WC. Evidence that E-cadherin may be a target for cadmium toxicity in epithelial cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2000; 64: 231-249
  26. Ramirez DC and Gimenez MS. Induction of redox changes, inducible nitric synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 by chronic cadmium exposure inperitoneal macrophages. Toxicol. Lett. 2003; 145(2): 121-132 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4274(03)00237-6
  27. Rao RK, Basuroy S, Rao VU, Karnaky Jr KJ and Gupta A. Tyrosine phosphorylation and dissociation of occludin-ZO-1 and E-cadherin-beta-catenin complexes from the cytoskeleton by oxidative stress. J. Biochem. 2002; 368: 471-481 https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20011804
  28. Rubin L, Hall DE, Porter S, Barbu K, Cannon C, Horner HC, Janatpour M, Liaw CW, Manning K, Morales J, Tanner LI, Tomaselli KF and Bard F. A cell culture model of the blood-brain barrier. J. Cell. Biol. 1991; 115: 1725-1735 https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.115.6.1725
  29. Schmelz M, Schmid VJ and Parrish AR. Selective disruption of cadherin/catenin complexes by oxidative stress in precision-cut mouse liver slices. Toxicol. Sci. 2001; 61(2): 389-394 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/61.2.389
  30. Seok SM, Park DH, Kim YC, Moon CH, Jung YS, Baik EJ, Moon CK and Lee SH. COX-2 is associated with cadmium-induced ICAM-1 expression in cerebrovascular endothelial cells. Toxicol. Lett. 2006; 165: 212-220 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.04.007
  31. Shukla A, Shukla GS and Srimal RC. Cadmium-induced alterations in blood-brain barrier permeability and its possible correlation with decreased microvessel antioxidant potential in rat. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 1996; 15: 400-405 https://doi.org/10.1177/096032719601500507
  32. Stohs SJ, Bagchi D, Hassoun E and Bagchi M. Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of chromium and cadmium ions. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. Oncol. 2000; 19: 201-213
  33. Usatyuk PV, Parinandi NL and Natarajan V. Redox regulation of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-mediated endothelial barrier dysfunction by focal adhesion, adherens and tight junction proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 2006; 281: 35554-35566 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M607305200
  34. Weidner WJ, Waddell DS and Sillman AJ. Low levels of cadmium chloride alter the immunoprecipitation of corneal cadherin-complex proteins. Arch. Toxicol. 2000; 4(10): 578-581
  35. Xu J, Maki D and Stapleton SR. Mediation of cadmiuminduced oxidative damage and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase expression through glutathione depletion. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. 2003; 17: 67-75 https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.10062
  36. Zimmerhackl LB, Momn F, Wiegele G and Brandis M. Cadmium is more toxic to LLC-PK1 cells than to MDCK cells acting on the cadherine-catenin complex. Am. J. Physiol. 1998; 275 (1 Pt 2): F143-54
  37. Zhang Y, Gu Y, Lucas MJ and Wang Y. Antioxidant superoxide dismutase attenuates increased endothelial permeability induced by platelet-activating factor. J. Soc. Gynecol. Investig. 2003; 10: 5-10 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1071-5576(02)00185-5