Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine (동의생리병리학회지)

The Physiological Society of Korean Medicine and The Society of Pathology in Korean Medicine (대한동의생리학회·한의병리학회)
권호 표지

Protective Effect of Licorice Water Extract against Cadmium-induced Nephro-toxicity in Rats

  • Lee, Jong-Rok (College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Chan (College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University. Development Team for The New Drug of Oriental Medicine(BK21 program), Daegu Haany University)
  • Published : 2007.06.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Licorice has been used for cure of injuries and for detoxification in East Asia. This study investigated the protective effect of licorice water extract against cadmium (CdCl$_2$, Cd)-induced nephro-toxicity in rats. To induce acute toxicity, Cd (4 mg/kg body weight) was dissolved in normal saline and then, intravenously (i.v.) injected to animals. In experiments, animals were orally administrated with vehicle or licorice water extract (50-100 mg/kg) for 3 days, exposed to a single injection of Cd after 24 h the last licorice/vehicle treatment. Licorice protected kidney injuries by Cd treatment. The number of glomeruli showing vasodilatation and thickening of Bowman's capsule was dose-dependently decreased by licorice. These results suggest that licorice might be a potent preventive protector against Cd-induced nephro-toxicity in rats.

Keywords

References

  1. Wang, Z.Y., Nixon, D.W. Licorice and cancer. Nutr Cancer 39: 1-11, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327914nc391_1
  2. Yokozawa, T., Cho, E.J., Rhyu, D.Y., Shibahara, N., Aoyagi, K. Glycyrrhizae radix attenuates peroxynitrite-induced renal oxidative damage through inhibition of protein nitration. Free Radic Res 39: 203-211, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1080/10715760400027888
  3. Mori, H., Niwa, K., Zheng, Q., Yamada, Y., Sakata, K., Yoshimi, N. Cell proliferation in cancer prevention: Effects of preventive agents on estrogen-related endometrial carcinogenesis model and on an in vitro model in human colorectal cells, Mutat. Res. Fundam. Mol Mech Mutagen 480-481: 201-207, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0027-5107(01)00200-7
  4. Kamei, J., Nakamura, R., Ichiki, H., Kubo, M. Antitussive principles of Glycyrrhizae radix, a main component of the Kampo preparations Bakumondo-to (Mai-men-dong-tang). Eur J Pharmacol 469: 159-163, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2999(03)01728-X
  5. Hibasami, H., Iwase, H., Yoshioka, K., Takahashi, H. Glycyrrhizin induces apoptosis in human stomach cancer KATO III and human promyelotic leukemia HL-60 cells. Int J Mol Med 16: 233-236, 2005
  6. Takei, M., Kobayashi, M., Li, X.D., Pollard, R.B., Suzuki, F. Glycyrrhizin inhibits R5 HIV replication in peripheral blood monocytes treated with 1-methyladenosine. Pathobiology 72: 117-123, 005 https://doi.org/10.1159/000084114
  7. Kim, S.C., Byun, S.H., Yang, C.H., Kim, C.Y., Kim, J.W., Kim, S.G. Cytoprotective effects of Glycyrrhizae radix extract and its active component liquiritigenin against cadmium-induced toxicity: Effects on bad translocation and cytochrome c-mediated PARP cleavage. Toxicology 197: 239-251, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2004.01.010
  8. Buchet, J.P., Lauwerys, R., Roels, H., Bernard, A., Bruaux, P., Claeys, F., Ducoffre, G., DePlaen, P., Staessen, J., Amery, A., Lijnen, P., Thijs, L., Rondia, D., Sartor, F., SaintRemy, A., Nick, L. Renal effects of cadmium body burden of the general population. Lancet 336: 699-702, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(90)92201-R
  9. Hare, L., Tessier, A. Predicting animal cadmium concentrations in lakes. Nature 380: 430-432, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1038/380430a0
  10. Falck, Jr F.Y., Fine, L.J., Smith, R.G., McClatchey, K.D., Annesley, T., England, B., Schork, A.M. Occupational cadmium exposure and renal status. Am J Ind Med 4: 541-549, 1983 https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700040408
  11. Jarup, L., Berglund, M., Elinder, C.G., Nordberg, G., Vahter, M., Scand, J. Health effects of cadmium exposure - a review of the literature and a risk estimate. Work Environ Health 24: 1-51, 1998 https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.270
  12. Wittman, R., Hu, H. Cadmium exposure and nephropathy in a 28-year-old female metals worker. Environ Health Perspect 110: 1261-1266, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.021101261
  13. Lyn Patrick, N.D. Toxic metals and antioxidants: part II. The role of antioxidants in arsenic and cadmium toxicity. Alternative Medicine Review 8: 106-128, 2003
  14. Ando, Y., Shibata, E., Tsuchiyama, F., Sakai, S., Scand, J. Elevated urinary cadmium concentrations in a patient with acute cadmium pneumonitis. Work Environ Health 22: 150-153, 1996 https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.124
  15. Sauer, J.M., Waalkes, M.P., Hooser, S.B., Kuester, R.K., McQueen, C.A., Sipes, I.G. Suppression of Kupffer cell function prevents cadmium induced hepatocellular necrosis in the male Sprague-Dawley rat. Toxicology 121: 155-164, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(97)00062-0
  16. Uriu, K., Kaizu, K., Qie, Y.L., Ito, A., Takagi, I., Suzuka, K., Inada, Y., Hashimoto, O., Eto, S. Long-term Ooal intake of low-dose cadmium exacerbates age-related impairment of renal functional reserve in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 169: 151-158, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.2000.9063
  17. Klassen, C.D. Casarett and Doull's Toxociology. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing, 2001
  18. Satarug, S., Moore, M.R. Related. Adverse health effects of chronic exposure to low-level cadmium in foodstuffs and cigarette smoke. Environ Health Perspect. 112(10):1099-1103, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.6751
  19. Fels, L.M. Risk assessment of nephrotoxicity of cadmium. Ren Fail. 21(3-4):275-281, 1999 https://doi.org/10.3109/08860229909085089
  20. Moon, C.S., Paik, J.M., Choi, C.S., Kim, D.H., Ikeda, M. Lead and cadmium levels in daily foods, blood and urine in children and their mothers in Korea. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 76(4):282-288, 2003
  21. Ikeda, M., Zhang, Z.W., Shimbo, S., Watanabe, T., Nakatsuka, H., Moon, C.S., Matsuda-Inoguchi, N., Higashikawa, K. Urban population exposure to lead and cadmium in east and south-east Asia. Sci Total Environ. 249(1-3):373-384, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00527-6
  22. WHO. Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and Contaminants (Thirty-third Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). WHO Technical Report Series No. 776. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1989
  23. Ragan, H.A., Mast, T.J. Cadmium inhalation and male reproductive toxicity. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 114: 1-22, 1990
  24. Kazantzis, G. Cadmium, osteoporosis and calcium metabolism. Biometals. 17(5):493-498, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BIOM.0000045727.76054.f3
  25. Kjellstrom, T. Mechanism and epidemiology of bone effects of cadmium. IARC Sci Publ. 118: 301-103, 1992
  26. Hoffmann, E.O., Cook, J.A., DiLuzio, N.R., Coover, J.A. The effects of acute cadmium administration in the liver and kidney of the rat: light and electron microscopic studies. Lab Invest 32: 655-664, 1975
  27. Dudley, R.D., Svoboda, D.S., Klaassen, C.D. Acute exposure to cadmium causes severe liver injury in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 65: 302-313, 1982 https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(82)90013-8
  28. Theocharis, S., Margeli, A., Fasitsas, C., loizidou, M., Deliconstantinos, G. Acute exposure to cadmium causes time-dependent liver injury in rats. Comp Biochem Physiol 99: 127-130, 1991 https://doi.org/10.1016/0742-8413(91)90087-A
  29. Shaikh, Z.A., Vu, T.T., Zaman, K. Oxidative stress as a mechanism of chronic cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity and protection by antioxidants. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 154: 256-263, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.1998.8586
  30. Raffray, M., Cohen, G.M. Apoptosis and Necrosis in Toxicology: A continuum or distinct modes of cell death? Pharmacol Ther 75: 153-177, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-7258(97)00037-5
  31. Galan, A., Troyano, A., Vilaboa, N.E., Fernandez, C., de Blas, E., Aller, P. Modulation of the stress response during apoptosis and necrosis induction in cadmium-treated U-937 human promonocytic cells. Biochem Biophy Acta 1538: 38-46, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4889(00)00134-8
  32. Kim, S.C., Cho, M.K., Kim, S.G. Cadmium-induced non-apoptotic cell death mediated by oxidative stress under the condition of sulfhydryl deficiency. Toxico Lett 144: 325-336, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4274(03)00233-9