네트워크 자원 가격정책을 위한 사용자 유틸리티 함수 추정법

Estimating User Utility Functions for Network-Resource Pricing

  • 발행 : 2006.02.01

초록

인터넷 트래픽 관리를 위한 IETF 차별화 서비스에서는 우선순위 방식의 가격정책이 널리 채택되고 있으며, 이러한 우선순위 방식의 서비스에서 최적가격을 정하기 위해 균형분석을 이용한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그러나 '사용자들의 유틸리티 함수를 정확히 알고 있다'는 균형분석의 가정의 타당성에 대한 비판 또한 끊이지 않는다. 따라서 이 논문은 최적가격을 정하는 문제에 있어서, 현존하는 이론적인 연구의 기본 가정과 사용자 유틸리티 함수를 알 수 없는 현실적인 네트워크 환경과의 차이를 좁힐 수 있는 해결책을 제시하고자 한다. 기본 아이디어는 네트워크 서비스 제공자가 서비스 레벨의 가격을 조정하여 사용자들의 레벨 선택 결정을 바꾸도록 유도하고 그를 통해 더 정확한 유틸리티 정보를 알아내도록 하자는 것이다. 이 연구의 공헌은 크게 두 가지로 볼 수 있다. 첫째, 사용자 유틸리티 함수를 추정해나가는 일반적인 원리를 제시하였다 둘째, 유틸리티 함수에 대한 정보를 최대한으로 끌어낼 수 있도록 하는 가격을 정하는 방법을 개발하였다. 우리는 실험을 통해 제안된 추정법의 효과적인 성능을 보여준다.

Priority-based network service has been widely adopted for the Internet traffic management in the context of IETF differentiated services, and computing optimal prices for such priority-based service is the key topic in many pricing literature. While the equilibrium analysis has been commonly used to this end, many have criticized the validity of the underlying assumption of equilibrium analysis that user utility functions are precisely known. In this paper, we propose a solution for bridging the gap between the existing theoretical work on optimal pricing and the unavailability of precise user utility information in real networks. In the proposed method, the service provider obtains more and more accurate estimates of user utility functions from the initial imprecise knowledge by iteratively changing the price of service levels and observing the users' decisions under the changed price. Our contribution is two-fold. First, we have developed a general principle for estimating the user utility functions. Second, we have developed a novel method for setting the prices that can optimize the extraction of the knowledge about user utility functions. The extensive simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

키워드

참고문헌

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