Fumigant Toxicity of Essential Oils against Adults of Culex pipiens pallens

빨간집모기 성충(Culex pipiens pallens)에 대한 식물오일의 훈증효과

Fumigant toxicity of 34 plant essential oils were tested against female adults of Culex pipiens pallens. Seven oils (basil, coriander, fennel, pennyroyal, peppermint, thyme red, thyme white) showed more than 60% mortality at 1 ${\mu}L\;L^{-1}$ air concentration and pennyroyal oil appeared to have the highest adulticidal activity. GC and GC-MS analysis of the seven essential oils and bioassay of their components revealed that pulegone (a major component of pennyroyal oil) and anethole (a major component of fennel and basil oil, $LD_{50}$, ${\mu}L\;L^{-1}$ air =0.49) showed higher adulticidal activities than others. In addition to the above two components, linalool ($LT_{50}$, min=0.91), camphor ($LT_{50}$, min=1.06), fenchone ($LT_{50}$, min=1.16), 1,8-cineole ($LT_{50}$, min=2.93), and geranyl acetate ($LT_{50}$, min=1.60) also showed higher adulticidal activity than empenthrin ($LT_{50}$, min=3.45).

빨간집모기(Culex pipiens pallens) 성충에 대한 34종 식물오일의 훈증효과를 조사하였다. 1 ${\mu}L\;L^{-1}$ air의 농도에서 60% 이상의 살충효과를 나타낸 오일은 7종(basil, coriander, fennel, pennyroyal, peppermint, thyme red, thyme white)이었고, 그 중 pennyroyal이 가장 높은 살충력을 나타냈다. 각 오일의 구성성분을 GC와 GC-MS로 분석하고 살충력을 검정한 결과, pennyroyal 오일의 주요성분인 pulegone과 basil 오일 및 fennel 오일의 주요성분인 anethole이 높은 살충력($LD_{50}$, ${\mu}L\;L^{-1}$ air=0.49)을 나타냈다. 또한 linalool($LT_{50}$, min=0.91), camphor($LT_{50}$, min=1.06), fenchone($LT_{50}$, min=1.16), 1,8-cineole($LT_{50}$, min=2.93), geranyl acetate($LT_{50}$, min=1.60)도 대조약제인 empenthrin($LT_{50}$. min=3.45)에 비해 높고 빠른 살충력을 보였다.