Ecological Landscape Evaluation for the Planning of River Rehabilitation: The Upper Areas at the Mangyeong River in Jeollabukdo, Korea

하천복원계획을 위한 생태경관 평가: 전북 만경강 상류지역을 사례로

  • Lee, Myung-Woo (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Jeonbuk National University)
  • Published : 2006.10.31

Abstract

Nature rehabilitation has become a major theme in river management in South Korea. An analysis and evaluation of the landscape is a crucial step to select the suitable tracts for developing or conserving land use in the process of landscape planning. The purpose of this paper is to establish a hierarchical procedure for the setting of the landscape units on the various scales at which field biologists performed their observations and to select the preserves through by a suitability model for synthesizing the ecological empirical, and biophysical data. An evaluation process needs to be performed according to the landscape scales: site, local, and regional scales, at which the environmental data were collected, analyzed, and synthesized. Introducing of three level scales was crucially necessary for evaluating the various multi level ecological data for zoning of preserves in river corridors. The evaluation level at different scales are hierarchically established into three phases. The first evaluation phase can be performed by the long length units defined by the ranges of stream widths at regional scale. Secondly, each of these long units can be divided into two or more segments according to its landscape homogeneity at local level. Finally the segments at the last phase can be designated according to the location of the reservoir weirs and bridges at site level. The conceptual model components are adopted for collecting, evaluating, and interpreting the biological and abiotic data at site level. Three preserves are selected, having high potentials for being intensely managed as the Ecological Education Areas in the river. Despite a lot of assumption the results are expected to facilitate discussion and decision making about which frameworks of evaluation are desirable and adaptable for integrating the ecological data into the rehabilitation design process in South Korea.

근래에 들어 자연환경의 복원은 우리나라의 하천 관리에서 중요한 계획과제의 하나이다. 계획과정에 있어서 경관의 분석과 평가는 보전 지역 및 개발 지역의 적지선정을 위하여 매우 중요한 단계이다. 이 연구의 목적은 생태경관 단위에 있어서 생태환경분야별 조사 특성을 반영할 수 있는 위계적 방법론의 수립과 이에 기초한 적지분석을 통해서 하천내 보전 지역을 설정하는 데 있다. 경관 평가 과정에서 경관 스케일은 광역스케일, 지역스케일, 국지스케일로 구분하여 적용할 필요가 있으며, 이에 따라 환경자료들이 수집, 분석, 종합된다. 이러한 3단계의 단위개념이 도입되어야 하는 것은 하천코리도에서 보전지 설정을 위해 생태 자료들의 다원적 성격을 평가하기 위한 것이다. 위계적 스케일에 따른 평가과정은 3단계로 구분되어 수행되었다. 첫 번째는 장거리 경관 단위로서 광역적 개념에서 하천폭을 기준으로 설정되었다. 두 번째는 각각의 장거리 경관 단위의 지역적 개념에서 경관의 동질성을 기준으로 2이상의 단위공간으로 구분되었다. 세 번째는 국지적 개념에서 교각, 다리, 보의 위치에 따라 세분적으로 분류되었다. 이 마지막으로 분류된 국지적 단위를 기준으로 하여 생태환경에 대한 자료를 재취합, 분석하기 위한 개념적 적지분석모형의 항목들을 선정하였다. 최종 결과에서는 하천 내 습지생태학습공간으로서 집중적으로 관리되어야 할 잠재력이 있는 장소로서 3개소의 보전 지역이 설정되었다. 적지분석과정이 내포하고 있는 많은 가정에도 불구하고, 이러한 방법론적 제안은 우리나라의 하천복원계획에서 다원화된 전문가들과의 공통적 토론을 통해 생태 정보들을 통합하여 실천적으로 적용할 수 있는 틀을 제공할 수 있으리라고 기대한다.

Keywords

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