Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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A Survey on Self-reported Health and Eating Habit of Elite Female Adolescent Athletes in Incheon by Sport Type

인천지역 대표 중고등학교 여자 선수의 운동경기 종목별 건강 및 식습관에 관한 조사

  • Published : 2005.03.01
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Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the self-reported health and eating habit of the elite female adolescent athletes in Incheon. The subjects were 102 elite female athletes of middle and high schools located in Inchon. A self-administered Questionnaire was used for this cross-sectional survey. Statistical analysis by two-way ANOVA was performed to discriminate between the main effects of age (as middle and high school athletes) and sports type, and their interaction. As use of nutritional supplements, 35.8% of the total subjects took vitamin and iron supplements and 62.5% of field and track athletes took vitamin and iron supplements. While mental stress related to exercise was much in fencing ＆gt; shooting ＆gt; field and track ＆gt; swimming athletes, physical burden during training was higher in swimming ＆gt; field and track ＆gt; fencing ＆gt; shooting athletes. More than half of the subjects showed irregular menstrual cycle. As the most severe problem of eating habit, they reported skipping meal ＆gt; overeating ＆gt; prejudiced meal ＆gt; preference to salty and spicy foods. More than half of the subjects skipped meal over three times per week. Fencing and shooting athletes showed very significantly higher frequency of skipping meal and more irregular breakfast time compared to those of other sport types. As for snack, they ate cookies, carbonated drink, chocolate, candy ＆gt; milk, yogurt, ice cream ＆gt; cake, bread, rice cake ＆gt; fried noodle ＆gt; hamburger, pizza. Therefore, nutritional counseling and education by sport type are necessary for health and good eating habit of these elite female adolescent athletes.

인천지 역 대표선수인 중ㆍ고등학교 여 자 펜싱 , 사격 , 육상, 수영 선수 총 102명을 대상으로 건강과 식습관에 대해 설문조사를 시행하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 전 체 조사대 상자 중 35.9%가 현재 비타민 및 철분 보충제를 섭취하고 있다고 응답하였으며, 육상선수의 섭취율이 62.5%로 운동경기 종목별 유의적 차이를 보였다. 본인이 인식하는 건강상태는 전체 조사대상자의 65.3%가 '보통이다', 21%가 '좋다'고 응답하였고, 건강에 대한 관심정도는 전체 조사대상자의 69.5%가 보통이다', 25.3%가 '많다'고 응답하였다. 운동이 정신적 스트레스의 주요원인으로 나타났으며 운동과 관련된 스트레스가 펜싱＆gt;사격＆gt;육상)수영 순인 반면에 훈련 중 신체적 부담에 대해서는 수영＆gt;육상＆gt;펜싱＆gt;사격 순으로 나타나서 운동경기 종목별 유의적 차이를 보였다. 훈련 중 현기증을 느낀 적이 있는가에 대해 사격선수가 다른 종목에 비해 유의적으로 적게 느끼는 것으로 나타났고, 생리 주기의 규칙성에 대해 절반이상이 "불규칙하다"고 응답하였다. 가장 문제가 되는 식습관에 대해 결식＆gt;폭식＆gt;편식＆gt;맵고 짠 음식선호 순으로 응답하였다. 주로 결식하는 끼니로 펜싱과 사격선수는 아침식사를, 육상과 수영선수는 저녁식사를 주로 걸러서 유의적 차이를 보였다. 결식빈도에 대해 펜싱＆gt;사격＆gt;육상＆gt;수영 순으로 자주 결식하는 것으로 나타나서 운동경기 종목별 유의적 차이를 보였다. 아침식사의 규칙성에 대해 펜싱과 사격선수가 육상과 수영선수에 비해 '불규칙하다'고 응답한 비율이 유의적으로 높았다 주로 섭취하는 간식으로는 스낵 및 과자류, 탄산음료, 초콜릿, 사탕류＆gt;우유, 요구르트, 아이스크림 등 유제품＆gt;빵, 케이크, 떡(볶이)＆gt;라면＆gt;햄버거, 피자 순으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로부터 인천지역 대표 여자 운동선수의 건강과 식습관은 운동종목별로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로, 이들 청소년 대표 여자 운동선수의 운동수행 능력과 건강을 위해 올바른 식습관 형성을 위한 영양상담 및 교육프로그램이 운동종목별로 다양하게 개발되어 실용화되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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