Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics

The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry (대한치과보존학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

REGULATION OF PULPAL MICROCIRCULATION BY CALCITONIN GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE

Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide에 의한 치수미세순환 조절

  • Kim, Sung-Kyo (Department of Conservative Dentistry and Laboratory of Pulp Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Young-Kyung (Department of Conservative Dentistry and Laboratory of Pulp Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jin, Myoung-Uk (Department of Conservative Dentistry and Laboratory of Pulp Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University)
  • 김성교 (경북대학교 치과대학 치과보존학교실 및 치수생물학연구실) ;
  • 김영경 (경북대학교 치과대학 치과보존학교실 및 치수생물학연구실) ;
  • 진명욱 (경북대학교 치과대학 치과보존학교실 및 치수생물학연구실)
  • Published : 2005.11.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this Study was to invest)gate the function or calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in regulatory mechanism of pulpal microcirculation with the aim of elucidating neurogenic inflammation. Experiments were performed on twelve cats under general anesthesia. CGRP was administered through the femoral vein to see the systemic Influence and through the external carotid artery to see the local effect. Sympathetic nerve to the dental pulp was stimulated electrically and pulpal blood flow (PBF) was measured with a laser Doppler flowmeter on the canine teeth to the drug administration. The paired variables of control and experimental data were compared by paired t-test and differences with p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Systemic administration of CGRP $(0.3{\mu}g/ka)$ exerted decreases in systemic blood pressure and caused changes in PBF with an initial increase i311owed by decrease and a move marked second increase and decrease. Close intra-arterial (i.a.) injection of CCRP $(0.03{\mu}g/kg)$ resulted in slight PBF increase. The effect of CGRP resulted in no significant increase in PBF in the presence of $CGRP_{8-37}$. The electrical stimulation of the sympathetic nerve alone resulted in PBF decreases. The j.a. administration of CGRP following the electrical stimulation of the sympathetic nerve compensated the decreased PBF. Therefore, CGRP effectively blocked the sympathetic nerve stimulation-induced PBF decrease. Results of the present study have provided evidences that even though the local vasodilatory function of CGRP are weak, CCRP is effectively involved in blocking the vasoconstriction caused by sympathetic nerve stimulation in the feline dental pulp.

본 연구에서는 감각성 neuropeptide인 CCRP의 치수혈류 조절에 관해 교감신경과의 유기적 관계를 연구함으로써 CGRP의 치수혈류 조절기전을 밝히고자 하였다. 열두 마리의 전신마취된 고양이에서 실험하였으며 CGRP를 혈관을 통해 전신적 또는 국소적으로 투여하였다. 견치에서 치수혈류의 변화를 측정하고 paired t-test로 통계분석 하였으며 $95\%$ 수준에서 유의성을 검증하였다. CGRP $(0.31{\mu}g/kg)$를 전신정맥으로 주사시, 전신혈압에 현저한 영향을 나타내면서 치수혈류는 평균 $68.85\%$의 일차적인 증가와 감소를 보였고 이차적으로 다시 평균 $161.8\%$ 증가하였다가 감소하였다. CCRP를 저용량 $(0.03{\mu}g/kg)$으로 국소적으로 투여시, 치수혈류는 평균 $2.92\%$의 미약한 증가를 나타내었다. 교감신경을 전기자극시 (10Hz, 4V, 1.5ms), 전신혈압은 영향을 받지 않으면서 치수혈류가 유의하게 평균 $57.88\%$ 감소하였다. 교감신경 자극으로 치수혈류가 저하되어 있는 동안 주입한 CCRP는 저하된 치수혈류를 유의하게 회복시켰다. CGRP의 이 치수혈류 증가 효과는 $CGRP_{8-37}$에 의해 효과적으로 차단되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Goodman EC, Iversen LL. Calcitonin gene-related peptide: novel neuropeptide. Life Sci 16:38:2169-2178, 1986 https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(86)90568-0
  2. Cao Z, Zhao M, Hu S. The change of calcitonin gene-related peptide positive fibers in inflammatory pulps. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 32:164-166, 1997
  3. Jacobsen EB, Fristad I, Heyeraas KJ. Nerve fibers immunoreactive to calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, neuropeptide Y, and dopamine beta-hydroxylase in innervated and denervated oral tissues in ferrets. Acta Odontol Scand 56:220-228, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1080/00016359850142835
  4. Fristad I, Vandevska-Radunovic V, Fjeld K, Wimalawansa SJ, Hals Kvinnsland I. NK1. NK2, NK3 and CGRP1 receptors identified in rat oral soft tissues, and in bone and dental hard tissue cells. Cell Tissue Res 311:383-391, 2003
  5. Caviedes-Bucheli J, Camargo-Beltran C, Gomez-la-Rotta AM, Moreno SC, Abello GC, Gonzalez-Escobar JM. Expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in irreversible acute pulpitis. J Endod 30:201-204, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1097/00004770-200404000-00004
  6. Kim SK. Role of sympathetic nerve on the control of microcirculation in the feline dental pulp. J Kor Acad Cons Dent 21:375-384, 1996
  7. Byers MR, Taylor PE, Khayat BG, Kimberly CL. Effect of injury and inflammation on pulpal and periapical nerves. J Endod 16:78-84, 1990 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81568-2
  8. Narhi M. Interaction between the autonomic and sensory nerves in the dental pulp. Proc Finn Dent Soc 85:389-393, 1989
  9. Brown MJ, Morice AH. Clinical pharmacology of vasodilator peptides. J Cardiovasc Pharmacal 10(Suppl) 12:S82-87, 1987 https://doi.org/10.1097/00005344-198707000-00012
  10. Haass M, Skofitsch G. Cardiovascular effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the pitched rat: comparison with substance P. Life Sci 2:37:2085-2090, 1985 https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(85)90580-6
  11. Gennari C, Fischer JA. Cardiovascular action of calcitonin gene-related peptide in humans. Calcif Tissue Int 37:581-584, 1985 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02554909
  12. Marshall I, AI-Kazwini SJ, Roberts PM, Shepperson NB, Adams M, Craig RK. Cardiovascular effects of human and rat CGRP compared in the rat and other species. Eur J Pharmacal 16:123:207-216, 1986
  13. Kim S, Fan F-c, Chen RYZ, Simchon S, Schuessler GB, Chien S. Effects of changes in systemic hemodynamic parameters on pulpal hemodynamics. J Endod 6:394-399, 1980 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(80)80214-7
  14. Olgart LM. Involvement of sensory nerves in hemodynamic reactions. Proc Finn Dent Soc 88 Suppl 1:403-410, 1992
  15. Lundberg JM. Peptidergic control of the autonomic regulation system in the orofacial region. Proc Finn Dent Soc 85:239-250, 1989
  16. Maltos KL, Menezes GB, Caliari MV, Rocha OA, Santos JM, Alves DL, Duarte ID, Francischi JN. Vascular and cellular responses to pro-inflammatory stimuli in rat dental pulp. Arch Oral Biol 49:443-450, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2004.01.004
  17. Kim S, Liu M, Simchon S, Dorscher-Kim JE. Effects of selected inflammatory mediators on blood flow and vascular permeability in the dental pulp. Proc Finn Dent Soc 88 Suppl 1:387-392, 1992
  18. Kim S, Dorscher-Kim J. Hemodynamic regulation of the dental pulp in a low compliance environment. J Endod 15:404-408, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(89)80172-4
  19. Kim SK, Ang L, Hsu YY, Dorscher-Kim J, Kim S. Antagonistic effect of D-myo-inositol-1, 2, 6-trisphosphate (PP56) on the neuropeptide Y-induced vasoconstriction in the feline dental pulp. Arch Oral Biol 41:791-798, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9969(96)00061-1
  20. Hargreaves KM, Jackson DL, Bowles WR. Adrenergic regulation of capsaicin-sensitive neurons in dental pulp. J Endod 29:397-399, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1097/00004770-200306000-00004
  21. Kerezoudis NP, Olgart L, Funato A, Edwall L. Inhibitory influence of sympathetic nerves on afferent nerve-induced extravasation in the rat incisor pulp upon direct electrical stimulation of the tooth. Arch Oral Biol 38:483-490, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9969(93)90184-N
  22. Kerezoudis NP, Funato A, Edwall L, Olgart L. Activation of sympathetic nerves exerts an inhibitory influence on afferent nerve-induced vasodilation unrelated to vasoconstriction in rat dental pulp. Acta Physiol Scand 147:27-35, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.1993.tb09469.x
  23. Bowles WR, Flores CM, Jackson DL, Hargreaves KM. Beta 2-Adrenoceptor regulation of CGRP release from capsaicin-sensitive neurons. J Dent Res 82:308-311, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1177/154405910308200413