Nuclear Engineering and Technology

  • 제37권5호
  • /
  • Pages.433-446
  • /
  • 2005
  • /
  • 1738-5733(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2234-358X(eISSN)
한국원자력학회 (Korean Nuclear Society)
권호 표지

HIGH POWER, HIGH BRIGHTNESS PROTON ACCELERATORS

  • 발행 : 2005.10.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The development of accelerator science and technology has been accommodating ever increasing demand from scientific community of the beam energy and intensity of proton beams. The use of high-powered proton beams has extended from the traditional application of nuclear and high-energy physics to other applications, including spallation neutron source replacing nuclear reactor, nuclear actinide transmutation, energy amplification reactors. This article attempts to review development of proton accelerator, both linear and circular, and issues related to the proton beam energy, intensity as well as its output power. For related accelerator physics and technical review, one should refer to the recent article in the Reviews of Modem Physics [1]

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Jie Wei, Reviews of Modern Physics, 75(2003) 1383 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.75.1383
  2. R. J. Van de Graaf, 'A 1,500,000 volt electrostatic generator' Phys. Rev.,387, 1990-20
  3. J. D. Cockcroft and E. T. S. Walton, 'Experiments with high velocity ions' Proc. Royal Soc., Series A 136(1932), 619-30 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1932.0107
  4. G. Ising, Arkiv for Matermatik. Astronomi och Fysik,18, (1924), 1-4
  5. R. Wideroe, Arch. Fur Elektrotechnik, 21(1928),386-406 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01656341
  6. E. O. Lowrence and N. E. Edlefsen, Science,72(1930) 376-7
  7. See for example P. Waloschek, 'The Infancy of Particle Accelerators' DESY report 94-039(1994)
  8. D. W. Kerst, 'The acceleration of electrons by magnetic induction' Phys. Rev., 60(1941), 47 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.60.47
  9. D. W. Kerst, and R. Serber, 'Electronic orbits in the induction accelerator' Phys. Rev. 60(1941),53 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.60.53
  10. E. M. McMillan, 'Synchrotron - a proposed high energy accelerator' Phys. Rev. Letter to the editor, 68(1945), 1434
  11. V. Veksler, J. of Phys., USSR, 9(1945), 153
  12. E. D. Courant, M. S. Livingston and H. S. Snyder, 'The strong-focusing synchrotron - a new high energy accelerator' Phys. Rev., 88(1952), 1190 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.88.1190
  13. E. D. Courant and H. S. Snyder, 'Theory of alternatinggradient synchrotron' Annals of Physics, No. 3(1958), 1
  14. N. C. Christofilos, Unpublished report(1950)
  15. Kapchinskii, I. M., and V. A. Teplyakov, 1970, Prib. Tekh. Eksp. 119, 19
  16. Hiskes, J. R., A. Karo, and M. Gardner, 1976, J. Appl. Phys. 47, 3888 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.323253
  17. Trbojevic, D., D. Finley, R. Gerig, and S. Holmes, 1990, in Proceedings of the European Particle Accelerator Conferenee, Nice, France, edited by P. Marin and P. Mandrillon (Editions Frontie' res, Gif-sur-Yvette, France), p. 1536
  18. SNS conceptual design report (l997) The SNS is approved to be constructed stating oct. (1998)
  19. ESS conceptual design report(1997)
  20. Wangler, T. P., 1998, Principles of RF Linear Accelerators (Wiley, New York)
  21. Chou, W., and J. Wei, 2001, in Proceedings of Snowmass 2001
  22. Jason, A. J., B. Blind, P. J. Channell, and T.-S. F. Wang, 1994, in Proceedings of the 4th Particle Accelerator Conference, Lon-don,edited by V. P. Suller and Ch. Petit-Jean Genaz (World Scientific, Singapore), p. 1219
  23. Abell, D., Y. Y. Lee, and W. Meng, 2000, in Proceedings of the 7th European Particle Accelerator Conference, Vienna, edited by J.-L. Laclare et al. (Austrian Academy of Science Press, Vienna), p. 2107
  24. Raparia, D., J. Alessi, Y. Y. Lee, and W. T. Weng, 1998, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Technical note SNS/52
  25. Hofmann, A., and S. Myers, 1980, in Proceedings of the 11thlntemational Conference on High Energy Accelerators, Geneva, edited by W. S. Newman (Birkha' user, Basel), p. 610
  26. Wei, J., 1992, in Proceedings of the 3rd European Particle Ac-celerator Conference, Berlin, edited by H. Henke, Ch. Petit-Jean Genaz, and Homeyer (E ' ditions Frontie res, Gif-sur-Yvette, France), Vol. 1, p. 833
  27. IPNS, 1995, The IPNS Upgrade (Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL)
  28. FNAL PD, 2000, The Proton Driver Design Study Fermilab -TM-2136 (Fermilab, Batavia, IL)
  29. Sessler, A. M., and V. G. Vaccaro, 1967, CERN Report ISR-RF/67-2
  30. Zotter, B., and S. Kheifets, 1998, Impedances and Wakes in High-Energy Particle Accelerators (World Scientific, Sin-gapore)
  31. Boardman, B., 1982, Ed., Spallation Neutron Source: Descrip-tionof Accelerator and Target, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Report RL 82-006
  32. Davino, P., H. Hahn, and Y. Y. Lee, 2002, in Proceedings of European Particle Accelerator Conference, Paris, edited by T. Garvey et al. (EPS-IGA and CERN, Geneva), p. 1467
  33. Piwinski, A., 1977, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-24, 1364
  34. Caspers, F., et al., 2000, in Proceedings of the 7th European Particle Accelerator Conference, Vienna, edited by J.-L. Laclare et al. (Austrian Academy of Science Press, Vienna), p.376
  35. Weiland, T., 1998, in Handbook of Accelerator Physics and En-gineering: A Compilation of Formulae and Data, edited by A. Chao and M. Tigner (World Scientific, Singapore), p.199
  36. Nassibian, G., and F. Sacherer, 1979, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 159,21 https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-554X(79)90323-9
  37. Wang, J. G., and S. Y. Zhang, 2000, in Proceedings of the 7th European Particle Accelerator Conference, Vienna, edited by J.-L. Laclare et al. (Austrian Academy of Science Press, Vi-enna), p. 972
  38. Neil, V. K., and A. M. Sessler, 1965, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 36, 429 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1719594
  39. Chao, A., 1993, Physics of Collective Beam Instabilities in High Energy Accelerators (Wiley, New York)
  40. Macek, R., et al., 2001, in Proceedings of the 2001 Particle Ac-celeratorConference, Chicago, edited by P. Lucas and S. Web-ber(IEEE, Piscataway, NJ), p. 688
  41. Rees, G., 1994, in Proceedings of the 4th European Particle Accelerator Conference, London, edited by V. P. Suller and Ch. Petit-Jean Genaz (World Scientific, Singapore), p. 241
  42. Nielson, C. E., A. M. Sessler, and K. R. Symon, 1959, in Proceedings of the International Conference on High-Energy Accelerators and Instruments, Geneva, edited by L. Kowarski (CERN, Geneva), p. 239
  43. Ruggiero, A. G., and V. G. Vaccaro, 1968, CERN Report ISR- TH/68-33
  44. Keil, E., and W. Schnell, 1969, CERN Report TH-RF/69-48
  45. Boussard, D., 1975, CERN Report Lab II/RF/Int./75-2
  46. Hofmann, I., 1985, Laser Part. Beams 3,1 https://doi.org/10.1017/S026303460000121X
  47. Rumolo, G., I. Hofmann, G. Miano, and U. Oeftiger, 1998, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 415, 411 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(98)00413-6
  48. Hofmann, I., and O. Boine-Frankenheim, 1999, in Workshop on Instabilities of High-Intensity Hadron Beams in Rings, AIP Conf. Proc. No. 496, edited by T. Roser and S. Y. Zhang (AIP, Melville, NY), p. 85
  49. Koscielniak, S., 1999, in Workshop on Instabilities of High-Intensity Hadron Beams in Rings, AlP Conf. Proc. No. 496, edited by T. Roser and S. Y. Zhang (AIP, Melville, NY), p. 391
  50. Boine-Frankenheim, O., and I. Hofmann, 2000, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 3, 104202. NJ), Vol. 3, p. 1723
  51. Woody, K., J. A. Holmes, V. Danilov, and J. D. Galambos, 2001, in Proceedings of the 2001 Particle Accelerator Conference, Chicago, edited by P. Lucas and S. Webber (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ), Vol. 3, p. 2057 https://doi.org/10.1109/PAC.2001.987275
  52. Blaskiewicz, M., 1998, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 1, 044201 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.1.044201
  53. Fedotov, A. V., and I. Hofmann, 2002, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 5, 024202 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.5.024202
  54. Galambos, J. D., J. A. Holmes, D. K. Olsen, A. U. Luccio, and J. Beebe-Wang, 1999
  55. Malitsky, N., et al., 1999, in Proceedings of the 1999 Particle Accelerator Conference, New York, edited by A. Luccio and W. MacKay (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ), Vol. 4, p. 2713
  56. Danilov, V., S. Henderson, J. A. Holmes, and A. Burov, 2001, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 4, 120101 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.4.120101
  57. Macek, R., 1999, in Workshop on Two-Stream Instabilities in Accelerators and Storage Ring, Santa Fe, edited by K. Hackay and R. Macek
  58. Arduini, G., et al., 2000, in Proceedings of the 7th European Particle Accelerator Conference, Vienna, edited by J.-L. Laclare et al. (Austrian Academy of Science Press, Vienna), p. 1611
  59. Me'tral, E., R. Cappi, M. Giovannozzi, G. Me` tral, and F. Zim-mermann, 2001, in Proceedings of the 2001 Particle Accelera-tor Conference, Chicago, edited by P. Lucas and S. Webber (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ), p. 682
  60. Rosenberg, S., and K. Harkay, 2000, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 453, 507 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(00)00472-1
  61. Gro'bner, A., 1977, in Proceedings of the 1977 International Conference on High Energy Accelerators, Protvino, edited by Yu. M. Ado, A. G. Afonin, V. I. Gridasov, A. F. Dunaitsev, E. A. Mjae, and A. A. Naumov (Institute of High Energy Phys-ics, Protvino, USSR), p. 277
  62. Gro'bner, A., 1997, in Proceedings of the 1997 Particle Accel-erator Conference, Vancouver, B. C., edited by M. Comyn, M. K. Craddock, M. Reiser, and J. Thomson (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ), p. 3589
  63. Furman, M. A., and G. R. Lambertson, 1997, KEK Proceedings 97-17, edited by Y. H. Chin (KEK, Japan), p. 170
  64. Zimmermann, R., 1997, LHC Project-Report 95, and SLACPUB-7425
  65. Ruggiero, F., G. Rumolo, and F. Zimmermann, 2001, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 4, 012801; 4, 029901(E) https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.4.012801
  66. Danilov, V., A. Aleksandrov, J. D. Galambos, D. Jeon, J. A. Holmes, and D. K. Olsen, 1999, in Workshop on Instabilities of High-Intensity Hadron Beams in Rings, AIP Conf. Proc. No. 496, edited by T. Roser and S. Y. Zhang (AIP, Melville, NY), p. 315
  67. Macek, R., 1999, in Workshop on Two-Stream Instabilities in Accelerators and Storage Ring, Santa Fe, edited by K. Hackay and R. Macek
  68. Macek, R., et al., 2001, in Proceedings of the 2001 Particle Ac-celerator Conference, Chicago, edited by P. Lucas and S. Web-ber (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ), p. 688
  69. Ohmori, C., et al., 1999, in Proceedings of the 1999 Particle Accelerator Conference, New York, edited by A. Luccio and W. MacKay (IEEE, Piscataway, NJ), Vol. 1, p. 413 https://doi.org/10.1109/PAC.1999.795720
  70. Blaskiewicz, M., 2000, in Proceedings of the 7th European Par-ticle Accelerator Conference, Vienna, edited by J.-L. Laclare et al. (Austrian Academy of Science Press, Vienna), Vol. 4, p.1110
  71. Danilov, V., A. Aleksandrov, J. Wei, and M. Blaskiewicz, 2001, in Proceedings of the 2001 Particle Accelerator Conference, Chicago, edited by P. Lucas and S. Webber (IEEE, Piscat-away, NJ), Vol. 3, p. 1749 https://doi.org/10.1109/PAC.2001.987170
  72. Pivi, M., 2002, CERN Report CERN-2002-001
  73. Wang, T. S., P. J. Channell, R. Macek, and R. C. Davidson, 2001, in Proceedings of the 2001 Particle Accelerator Conference, Chicago, edited by P. Lucas and S. Webber (IEEE, Pis-cataway, NJ), Vol. 1, p. 704 https://doi.org/10.1109/PAC.2001.987610