Design of Bit Manipulation Accelerator fo Communication DSP

통신용 DSP를 위한 비트 조작 연산 가속기의 설계

  • Published : 2005.08.01

Abstract

This paper proposes a bit manipulation accelerator (BMA) having application specific instructions, which efficiently supports scrambling, convolutional encoding, puncturing, and interleaving. Conventional DSPs cannot effectively perform bit manipulation functions since かey have multiply accumulate (MAC) oriented data paths and word-based functions. However, the proposed accelerator can efficiently process bit manipulation functions using parallel shift and Exclusive-OR (XOR) operations and bit jnsertion/extraction operations on multiple data. The proposed BMA has been modeled by VHDL and synthesized using the SEC $0.18\mu m$ standard cell library and the gate count of the BMA is only about 1,700 gates. Performance comparisons show that the number of clock cycles can be reduced about $40\%\sim80\%$ for scrambling, convolutional encoding and interleaving compared with existing DSPs.

본 논문은 스크램블링(Scrambling), 길쌈부호화(Convolutional Encoding), 펑처링(Puncturing), 인터리빙(Interleaving) 등과 같은 연산에 공통적으로 필요한 비트 조작(Bit Manipulation)을 효율적으로 지원하기 위한 비트 조작 연산 가속기를 제안한다. 기존의 DSP는 곱셈 및 가산 연산을 기본으로 연산기가 구성되어 있으며 워드 단위로 동작을 함으로 비트 조작 연산의 경우 비효율적인 연산을 수행할 수밖에 없다. 그러나 제안한 가속기는 비트 조작 연산을 다수의 데이터에 대해 병렬 쉬프트와 XOR 연산, 비트 추출 및 삽입 연산을 효율적으로 수행할 수 있다. 제안한 가속기는 VHDL로 구현 하여 삼성 $0.18\mu m$ 표준 셀 라이브러리를 이용하여 합성하였으며 가속기의 게이트 수는 1,700개에 불과하다. 제안한 가속기를 통해 스크램블링, 길쌈부호화, 인터리빙을 수행시 기존의 DSP에 비해 $40\~80\%$의 연산 사이클의 절감이 가능하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Sug H. Jeong, Myung H. Sunwoo, and Seong K. Oh, 'Flexible Hardware Structures for CDMA Systems,' in Proc. International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, Computers and Communications (ITC-CSCC), July 2003
  2. J. Glossner, J. Moreno, M. Moudgill, J. Derby, E. Hokenek and D. Meltzer et al., 'Trends in compilable DSP architecture,' in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Syst. (SIPS'2000), Oct. 2000, pp. 181-199 https://doi.org/10.1109/SIPS.2000.886716
  3. K. Masselos, S. Blionas, and T. Rautio, 'Reconfigurability requirements of wireless communication systems,' in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Heterogeneous Reconfigurable Systems on Chip, April 2002
  4. Jeong H. Lee, Sug H. Jeong, and Myung H. Sunwoo, 'Application-specific DSP architecture for OFDM modem systems,' in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Syst. (SIPS'2003), Aug. 2003
  5. U. Walther and G. P. Ferrweis, 'PN-generators embedded in high performance signal processors,' in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst.(ISCAS'2001), May 2001, pp. 45-48 https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCAS.2001.922165
  6. Chi-Kuang Chen, Po-Chih Tseng, Yung-Chil Chang, and Liang-Gee Chen, 'A digital signal processor with programmable correlator array architecture for third generation wireless communication system,' IEEE Trans. Circuit Syst. II, vol. 48, pp. 1110-1120, Dec. 2001 https://doi.org/10.1109/82.988936
  7. Jae S. Lee and Myung H. Sunwoo, 'Design of new DSP instructions and their hardware architecture for high-speed FFT,' Journal of VLSI Signal Processing, Kluwer Academic Publishers, vol. 33, pp. 247-254, Mar. 2003 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022119728558
  8. Jae S. Lee, Myung H. Sunwoo, and Seong K. Oh, 'Design of DSP instructions and their hardware architecture for a Reed-Solomon codec,' in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Syst. (SIPS'2002), Oct. 2002, pp. 103-108
  9. Texas Instruments, Inc [Online]. Available: http://www.ti.com
  10. Motorola, Inc [Online]. Available: http://www.motorola.com
  11. Tensilica, Inc [Online]. Available: http://www.tensilica.com
  12. SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual, Motorola Semiconductors Inc., Denver, CO, 2001
  13. TMS320C62xx User's Manual, Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, 2000
  14. TMS320C55x User's Manual, Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, 2001
  15. SC140 Functional Libraries, Motorola Inc. [Online]. Available: http://www.motorola.com
  16. Euro Sereni, Silvia Culicchi, Vanni Vinti, Enrica Luchetti, Simone Ottaviani, and Michele Salvi, 'A Software RADIO OFDM Transceiver for WLAN applications,' Electronic and Information Engineering Department, University of Perugia, Italy, 2001