Influence of Liquid Pig Manure on Rice Growth and Nutrient Movement in Paddy Soil under Different Drainage Conditions

배수조건이 다른 논에서 돈분뇨 액비시용이 벼 생육 및 양분이동에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2003.10.10
  • Accepted : 2004.01.31
  • Published : 2004.04.30

Abstract

This study was performed to assess the influences of liquid pig manure (LPM) on the rice growth and nutrient behavior in soil under two different drainage comditions. Soils of paddy field were Jeonbuk and Gangseo series, and drainage conditions of the soils were imperfectly drained and moderate well drained, respectively, Application of LPM was based on nitrogen, and the treatments included 110 (LPM-N100%), 165 (LPM-N150%) and $220(LPM-N200%)kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$. In the LPM-N150% treatment, rice growth and yield were similar to the control treatment of conventional chemical fertilizer application. Rice yield of moderately well drainedfield were 3-11% higher than that of imperfectly drained field. Loss of nitrogen through $NH_3$ gas after application of LPM was higher in no plowing than in rotary plowing field. Losses of $NO_3-N$, $NH_4-N$, $SO_4$, Ca and K through runoff water were increased as the amount of LPM application increased. Losses of $NO_3-N$ and K through infiltration were higher in LPM-150% and LPM-N200% treatments compared to the chemical fertilizer treatment. Contents of $NO_3-N$ in infiltration water measured from trasplanting to tillering stage was higher at the moderately well drained condition than imperfectly drained condition. Contents of $P_2O_5$ and K in soil were accumulated by application of LPM compared to the chemical fertilizer plot.

배수조건이 다른 평야지 논토양에서 돈분뇨액비를 시용한 후 벼 생육 및 양분의 이동양상을 구명하여 농경지에서 돈분뇨 액비 재활용을 위한 기초 자료를 얻고자 배수조건이 약간양호 및 약간불량논에서 질소 성분함량이 0.53%인 돈분뇨액비를 LPM-100%는 $20.8Mg\;ha^{-1}$ (N 110 kg 표준시비량 해당), LPM-150%는 $31.1Mg\;ha^{-1}$ (N 165 kg 해당), LPM- 200%는 $41.5Mg\;ha^{-1}$ (N 220 kg 해당)을 각각 살포하여 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 벼 생육 및 수량은 LPM-N150 이상 시용에서 화학 비료를 처리한 대조구와 비슷하였고, 배수약간양호토양에서 약간불량토양보다 수량이 3-11% 증수되었으나 벼의 절간장이 길어져 도복의 위험성이 증가되었다. 돈분뇨액비 시용시 $NH_3$ 휘산량은 액비시용초기와 액비시용량이 증가될수록 많았고 액비시용 후 로타리 경운은 무로타리보다 LPM-N100%, LPM-N200% 시용에서 $NH_3$ 가스 누적량이 각각 59%, 25% 감소되었다. 강우시 액비 시용담 표면유거수중 무기성분 유실량은 액비 시용량이 많을수록 증가되었고 LPM-N150% 이상 시용에서 $NO_3-N$, $NH_4-N$, $SO_4$, Ca, K 성분 등이 많이 유실되었다. 한편 지하침투수중 $NO_3-N$, K유실량이 LPM-N150% 이상 시용에서 대조구보다 많았고, 배수약간양호토양이 약간불량토양보다 $NO_3-N$, K용탈이 많았다. 액비시용토양 중 질소형태 변화는 $NO_3-N$는 이앙 30일전(비담수기)인 액비 시용 초기부터 25일까지 점점 높아지다가 담수기에는 낮아졌고, $NH_4-N$는 액비시용초기부터 담수기인 액비 시용 후 25일에서 65일까지 높게 유지되다가 낮아졌으며, 토양 중 인산과 칼리 함량은 LPM-N100% 이상 시용에서 시험전보다 증가되었다. 결론적으로 돈분뇨액비 시용은 벼 생육과 수량을 고려하면서 환경부하를 최소화하는 방향으로 활용되어야 한다고 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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