Primary Productivity of Phytoplankton in the Shallow and Hypertrophic River (Seonakdong River)

서낙동강에서 식물플랑크톤의 1차 생산성

  • Jeon, Seung-Il (Nakdong River Environmental Research Center, Inje University) ;
  • Cho, Kyung-Je (Nakdong River Environmental Research Center, Inje University)
  • 전승일 (인제대학교 낙동강환경연구센터) ;
  • 조경제 (인제대학교 낙동강환경연구센터)
  • Published : 2004.03.31

Abstract

Primary productivity of phytoplankton was measured by $^{14}C$ method from January to October of 1996 in Seonakdong River. This river was a highly productive freshwater showing the euphotic depth of 1.4 m in August and 2.1 m in the remaining season. Chlorophyll-a concentrations of phytoplankton ranged from 67 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$ to 894 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$ and showed the great increase in August. Maximum specific productivity was 2.1 ${\sim}$4.3 mg C mg $chl-a{-1}\;hr^{-1}$ and occurred above 0.4m depth. In photosynthesis-irradiance relation, photoinhibition or photosynthetic suppression of phytoplankton occurred clearly in the cold seasons, while phytoplankton (mainly Microcystis aeruginosa and its relatives) in August did not show any symptom of the photosynthetic inhibition against the high irradiance. The specific productivity of phytoplankton was eventually dependant upon incident irradiance to show the linear correlation with received irradiance infield, and the areal productivity of phytoplankton upon chlorophyll-a standing crops. In the downstream of the Nakdong River, phytoplankton productions have linearly increased since the estuarine barrage construction to reflect the gradual eutrophication in the estuarine area. Average chlorophyll-a increase of 10 ${\mu}g\;chl-a\;L{-1}$ absolutely corresponded to the primary production acceleration of 30 mg C $m^{-2}\;day^{-1}$ on the annual basis.

서낙동강에서 $^{14}C$법으로 1996년 1월부터 10월까지 식물플랑크톤의 1차 생산성을 측정하였다. 서낙동강은 수심이 얕고, 국내 호수와 하천 중에서 가장 수질오염이 심한 곳으로 진광층의 깊이는1.4${\sim}$2.1 m 범위였다. 식물플랑크톤의 chi-a 농도는 67${\sim}$894 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$ 범위였고, 8월에는 chi-a 농도가 크게 증가하였다. 최대 물질생산성은 수표면 ${\sim}$0.4 m 깊이에서 나타났으며 2.1${\sim}$4.3 mg C mg $chl-a^{-1}$ 범위였다. 광합성 (P)-광(I)의 관계에서 식물플랑크톤의 광합성 저해는 높은 고광에서 현저히 저해되었으나 Microcystis가 대발생한 기간에는 광저해 현상이 나타나지 않았다. Chl-a 당 식물플랑크톤의 1차 생산성은 입사 광에너지의 양에 비례하였으며 면적 당 1차 생산성은 chl-a현존량과 직선적으로 비례하여 식물플랑크톤의 1차 생산성은 결과적으로 생물량과 광의 함수였다. 과거 자료를 수집한 결과. 낙동강 하구 지역에서 식물플랑크톤의 생산성은 하구둑 건설(1987년) 이후 해가감에 따라 점진적으로 증가하여 이 지역의 부영양화 현상을 반영하였다. 식물플랑크톤의 연 생산성 개념에서 평균 10 ${\mu}g\;chl-a\;L^{-1}$의 생물량 증가는 30 mg C $m^{-2}\;day^{-1}의 단위면적 당 생산성 증가를 가져왔다.

Keywords

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