Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
권호 표지

Increase of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Level in Milk Eat by Bovine Feeding Regimen and Urea Fractionation

  • KIM, YOUNG JUN (Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University) ;
  • KI WON LEE (Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agricultural biology, Seoul National University) ;
  • HYONG JOO LEE (Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agricultural biology, Seoul National University)
  • Published : 2003.02.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Increasing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content in dairy products has been a research Interest due to the potential health benefits resulted from consuming CLA. Attempts were made to obtain high level natural CLA containing fatty acid fractions from milk fat through bovine feeding of sunflower oil (SO) and urea fractionation. SO feeding changed the fatty acid profile of milk fat. increasing the CLA content five-fold at eight weeks of trial. Milk fat obtained from S0-fed cows was hydrolyzed to free fatty acids, which were then fractionated with urea at various ratios. The profiles of fatty acids were also greatly influenced by urea fractionation. Long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, Including CLA, were concentrated in milk fat after the fractionation, whereas saturated long-chain counterparts were eliminated. The highest level of CLA was achieved by the fractionation at 2:1 urea/fatty acid ratio (UFR2). CLA level was elevated 2.5-fold, and the Cl8:1/C18:0 fatty acid ratio was increased 120 times after the fractionation. The level of CLA in high CLA-milk fat (24mg/g fat) obtained from the feeding study was further increased through urea fractionation up to 52mg/g fat, 10 folds as high as CLA in the control milk fat (5mg/g fat).

Keywords

References

  1. J. Dairy Sci. v.80 Potential to alter the content and composition of milk fat through nutrition Ashes J. R.;S. K. Gulati;T. W. Scott https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)76169-1
  2. Nutr. Cancer v.41 Vaccenic acid feeding increases tissue levels of conjugated linoleic acid and suppresses development of premalignant lesions in rat mammary gland Banni S.;E. Angioni;E. Murru;G. Carta;M. P. Melis;D. Bauman;Y. Dong;C. Ip https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327914NC41-1&2_12
  3. Lipids v.32 Conjugated linoleic acid modulates hepatic lipid composition in mice Belury M. A.;A. Kempasteczko https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-997-0025-0
  4. Lipids v.31 Purification and characterization of deep sea shark Centrophorus squamosus liver oil 1-O-alkylglycerol ether lipids Bordier C. G.;N. Selier;A. P. Foucault;F. Le Goffic https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02522646
  5. Physiology of Digestion and Metabolism in the Ruminants Low-fat milk syndrome Davis C. L.;R. E. Brown;Phillipson A. T. (ed.)
  6. Progress in Dairy Science Production and utilization of dairy cow's milk and products with increased unsaturated fatty acids Baer R. J; Phillips C. J. C. (ed.)
  7. Fat Sci. Technol. v.94 Enrichment of omega-3 PUFAs from fur seal oil Grompone M. A.
  8. Carcinogenesis v.8 Anti-carcinogens from fried ground beef: Heat-altered derivatives of linoleic acid Ha Y. L.;N. K. Grimm;M. W. Pariza https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/8.12.1881
  9. J. Agr. Food Chem. v.37 Newly recognized anticarcinogenic fatty acids; identification and quantification in natural and processed cheeses Ha Y. L.;N. K. Grimm;M. W. Pariza https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00085a018
  10. Cancer Res. v.50 Inhibition of benzo(a)pyrene-induced mouse forestomach neoplasia by conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid Ha Y. L.;J. Storkson;M. W. Pariza
  11. JAOCS v.61 Separation of saturated/unsaturated fatty acids Haraldsson G. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02678772
  12. Biochem. Biophy. Res. Comm. v.244 Dietary conjugated linoleic acid normalizes impaired glucose tolerance in the Zucker diabetic fatty fa/fa rat Houseknecht K. L.;J. P. VandenHeuvel;S. Y. MoyaCamerina;C. P. Portocarrero;L. W. Peck;K. P. Nickel;M. A. Belury https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1998.8303
  13. Cancer Res. v.51 Mammary cancer prevention by conjugated dienoic derivative of linoleic acid Ip C.;S. F. Chin;J. A. Scimeca;M. W. Pariza
  14. JAOAC v.50 Correlation of fatty acid structure with preferential order of urea complex formation Iverson J. L.;R. W. Weik
  15. Br. J. Cancer v.73 Intake of dairy products and the risk of breast cancer Knekt P.;R. Jarvinen;R. Seppanen;E. Pukkala;A. Aromaa https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.1996.119
  16. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. v.11 Production of oleamide a functional lipid by Streptomyces sp. KK90378 Jeong K. H.;S. E. Hwang;J. T. Han;C. J. Kim;J. Rho;J. Shin
  17. J. Nutr. v.128 Dietary fatty acid sources affect conjugated linoleic acid concentrations in milk from lactating dairy cows Kelly M. L.;J. R. Berry;D. A. Dwyer;J. M. Griinari;P. Y. Chouinard;M. E. Van Amburgh;D. E. Bauman
  18. J. Biol. Chem. v.241 Intermediates and products of the biohydrogenation of linoleic acid by Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens Kepler C. R.;K. P. Hirons;J. J. Mcneill;S. B. Tove
  19. J. Biol. Chem. v.242 Biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids Kepler C. R.;S. B. Tove
  20. J. Food Sci. v.64 Selective increase in conjugated linoleic acid in milk fat by crystallization Kim Y. J;R. H. Liu https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb15913.x
  21. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. v.66 The effect of linoleic acid concentration on the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) production of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens A38 Kim Y. J.;R. H. Liu;D. Bond;J. B. Russell https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.66.12.5226-5230.2000
  22. J. Appl. Microbiol. v.92 The enrichment of a ruminal bacterium (Megasphaera elsdenii YJ-4) that produces the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid Kim Y. J.;R. H. Liu;J. L. Rychlik;J. B. Russell https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01610.x
  23. Food Technol. v.40 Food components with potential therapeutic benefits: The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids of fish oils Kinsella J. E.
  24. Progress in Clinical Research v.222 Dietary fat and cancer: A perspective from the livestock and meat industry Kinsman D. M.
  25. Atherosclerosis v.108 Conjugated linoleic acid and atherosclerosis in rabbits Lee K. N.;D. Kritchevsky;M. W. Pariza https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9150(94)90034-5
  26. Carcinogenesis v.16 Protection of conjugated linoleic acids against 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline-induced colon carcinogenesis in the F344 rat: A study of inhibitory mechanisms Liew C.;H. A. J. Schut;S. F. Chin;M. W. Pariza;R. H. Dashwood https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/16.12.3037
  27. J. Dairy Sci. v.78 Survey of the conjugated linoleic acid contents of dairy products Lin H.;T. D. Boylston;M. J. Chang;L. O. Luedecke;T. D. Shultz https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(95)76863-1
  28. J. Nutr. v.126 Dietary fiber and short-chain fatty acids affect cell proliferation and protein synthesis in isolated rat colonocytes Marsman K. E.;M. I. McBurney
  29. Progress in Clinical Research v.222 Diet and Cancer: Changing patterns in the dairy industry McBean L. D.;E. N. Alcantara;E. W. Speckmann
  30. JAOCS v.72 Concentration and purification of stearidonic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids from cod liver oil and the marine microalga Isochrysis galbana Medina A. R.;A. G. Gimenez;F. G. Camacho;J. A. S. Perez;E. M. Grima;A. C. Gomez https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02638859
  31. J. Dairy Sci. v.74 Potential for enhancing the nutritional properties of milk fat Ney D. M. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78595-0
  32. Artery v.22 Dietary conjugated linoleic acid reduces plasma lipoproteins and early aortic atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic hamsters Nicolosi R. J.;E. J. Rogers;D. Kritchevsky;J. A. Scimeca;P. J. Huth
  33. Ernahrungs-Umschau v.40 Digestion and absorption of long-chain and medium-chain triglycerides Schweitzer A.;H. A. Schmidtwilcke
  34. Nature v.175 Effect of the rumen on dietary fat Shorland F. B.;R. O. Weenink;A. T. Johns https://doi.org/10.1038/1751129a0
  35. Farm and Food v.7 Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) - A health-promoting component of dairy fats (part 1) Stanton C.;F. Lawless;J. Murphy;B. Connolly
  36. Govermment Printing Office no.232 Nutrition and Your Health: Dietary Guidelines for Americans, second edition, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Home and Garden Bulletin USDA
  37. Food Chem. v.65 Concentration of omega 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids of seal blubber oil by urea complexation: Optimization of reaction conditions Wanasundara U. N.;F. Shahidi
  38. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. v.58 Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes by fatty acids and monoglycerides Wang L.;E. A. Johnson