Optimum Culture Conditions of Four Species of Microalgae as Live Food from China

중국산 식물먹이생물 4종의 최적 배양환경

  • Published : 2000.06.01

Abstract

Optima for temperature, salinity and light intensity for Nitzschia closterium, Chlorella salina, I내초교냔 galbana and Tetraselmis subcordiformis, which are widely used in bivalve hatcheries of Shandong Province in China, were estimated. The temperature optimum was 23 $^{\circ}C$ for N. closterium and I. galbana and 25 and 27$^{\circ}C$ for C. salina and T. subcordiformis, respectively. That for salinity was 23${\textperthousand}$ for N. closterium and T, subcordiformis, but was 33${\textperthousand}$ for C. salina and I. galbana. In general, all the four microalgae grew faster under 6,000 lux than under 4,000 lux. Growth of N. closterium was faster at $25^{\circ}C$ and dropped abruptly >$25^{\circ}C$, and that of C. salina and T. subcordiformis progressively increased upto $25^{\circ}C$ but dropped beyond 27$^{\circ}C$. T. subcordiformis was the most eurythermal among the 4 species. For mass culture of microalgae in Korea, N. closterium and C. salina are suitable during spring and autumn but C. salina and I. galbana during summer. T. subcordiformis is suitable for culture throughout the year.

중국 산동성에서 조개류의 먹이생물로 널리 이용되고 있는 4종의 미세조류(N. closterium, C. salina, T. subcordiformis, I. galbana)를 대상으로 최적 배양 환경 요인을 조사하여 국내 조개류 배양장에서의 대량배양에 적용가능성을 검토하고자 하였다. 수온(17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29$^{\circ}C$), 염분(23, 28, 33${\textperthousand}$), 조도(4,000, 6,000 lux)에 따른 최대 성장을 조사한 결과, N. closterium 과 I. galbana의 최적 수온은 23$^{\circ}C$였고, C. salina와 T. subcordiformis는 각각 25, 27$^{\circ}C$였다. 최적 염분은 N. closterium과 T. subcordiformis는 33${\textperthousand}$이었으나 C. salina와 I. galbana는 23${\textperthousand}$였다. 조도에 따른 성장은 4종 모두 6,000 lux에서 더 높았다. 조도 6,000 lux와 최적 염분하에서의 수온에 따른 일간 성장률은 N. closterium은 23$^{\circ}C$ 이하에서는 높으나 $25^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 급격히 감소하였고, C. salina와 I. galbana는 $25^{\circ}C$까지 계속 성장한 후 27$^{\circ}C$부터는 크게 감소하였다. 그러나 T. subcordiformis는 수온에 따른 큰 차이가 없이 가장 광온성이었다. 이들 4종류를 국내에서 대량배양하고자 할 경우 21$^{\circ}C$ 이하의 봄, 가을에는 N. closterium 과 C. salina, 23$^{\circ}C$ 이상의 여름에는 C. salina와 I. galbana가 적합하고, T. subcordiformis는 계절에 관계없이 적합한 종으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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