Development and Growth of Larvae of Four Bivalve Species

4종 조개류 유생의 발생과 성장

  • Published : 2000.06.01

Abstract

Exposure to air and increased temperature induced successful spawning in Mytilus edulis, M. coruscus Crassostrea gigas and Pinctata fucata martensii. Developmental durations required for an egg to attain D-shaped larva and the D-shaped larva to reach pediveliger stage were estimated in these bivalves. Size of fertilized eggs was the largest (70.3 ${\mu}m$) in M. coruscus and the smallest (45.3 ${\mu}m$) in P. fucata martensii. At 17$^{\circ}C$, M. edulis and M. coruscus attained D-shaped larval stage within 48 hours after fertilization but those of C. gigas and B. fucata martensiii within 24 and 22 hours at 21 and 26$^{\circ}C$, respectively. The development duration required for a D-shaped larva to attain pediveliger stage was the longest (27 days) in M. coruscus and ranged between 20 and 22 days for the others. The shell length of the pediveliger was the longest (274.9 ${\mu}m$) in C. gigas and smallest (190.9 ${\mu}m$) in P. fucata martensii Length and height of larval shell was highly correlated with each other in all the 4 species. The shell height of C. gigas was more than the shell length beyond the size of 100 ${\mu}m$ shell length. However, shell length of the others was always longer than shell height at the larval stage.

진주담치(Mytilus edulis), 홍합(Mytilus coruscus), 참굴(Crassostrea gigas) 및 진주조개(Pinctata fucata martensii)를 인위적인 방란 방정을 유도하여 이들의 수정란과 부유유생을 사육하여 난 발생, 유생의 성장 및 형태를 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 수정란의 크기는 진주담치와 홍합이 각각 65.1 ${\mu}m$, 70.3 ${\mu}m$로 비슷한 크기를 보였고, 참굴과 진주조개는 각각 52.3 ${\mu}m$, 45.3 ${\mu}m$로 비슷한 크기를 보였다. 수정란에서 D형 유생으로 되는 데 소요되는 시간은 진주담치와 참담치는 자연수온(17.0$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$)에서 각각 47시간55분, 45시간 55분이 소요되었고, 참굴과 진주조개는 수온 21.$0^{\circ}C$와 26.$0^{\circ}C$에서 각각 23시간 55분과 22시간이 소요되었다. 진주담치, 홍합, 참굴, 진주조개가 초기 D형 유생에서 부착기 유생으로 성장하는 데는 각각의 수온에서 각각 20일, 27일, 22일, 및 21일이 소요되었고 이때의 평균 각장의 크기는 각각 194.1 ${\mu}m$, 233.6 ${\mu}m$, 274.9 ${\mu}m$, 190.9 ${\mu}m$ 였다. 초기 D형 유생에서 초기 부착기 유생까지 각장(L)과 각고(H)의 상관관계는 높으며, 각장에 따른 각고/각장의 비율(H/L)은 진주담치: H/L : 0.002L+0.5334 (($R^2$ = 0.957), 홍합: H/L : 0.001L+0.603 ($R^2$ : 0.944), 참굴: H/L =0.001L+0.871 (($R^2$=0.550) 및 진주조개: H/L =0.001L+0.791 (($R^2$ = 0.700)로 나타났다

Keywords

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