Studies on Distributions and Morphological Characteristics of Calanthe discolor, C. sieboldii, and C. bicolor Native to Cheju Province

제주 자생 새우란, 금새우란, 왕새우란의 분포와 외형적 특성에 관한 연구

Distribution analysis on natural habitats for the genus Calanthe in Mt. Halla of Cheju province revealed that C. discolor and C. sieboldii were found mostly in the range of 120~400 m and 300~600 m above the sea level, respectively. C. bicolor was found in 300~400 m where both C. discolor and C. sieboldii were overlapped. The present morphological assessments showed that C. discolor had the smallest sizes of leaves and floral parts, C. had the largest, while C. bicolor had the intermediate between the above mentioned two species. Flower colors of C. discolor were brownish red and simple white, and that of C. sieboldii was merely golden yellow, whereas C. bicolor had a diverse mixed colors originated from the other two species. The specific distribution of natural habitats and morphological characteristics of three Calanthe species led the suggestion that C. bicolor can be regarded as new species derived originally from natural hybridization between C. discolor and C. sieboldii.

한라산을 중심으로 새우란(Calanthe discolor)은 해발 120~600m 범위에서, 금새우란(C. sieboldii)은 300~600m에서 분포하였고, 왕새우란(C. bicolor)은 해발 300~400m의 범위에서 새우란과 금새우란이 동시에 분포하는 지역에서만 분포하였다. 엽(葉)과 화기(花器)의 형태적인 면에서 새우란이 가장 작았고 금새우란이 가장컸으며, 왕새우란은 그 중간형태를 나타내었다. 화색(花色)에서는 새우란은 적갈색 계통의 꽃잎과 흰색의 설판과 같은 단순한 색상을 나타내었고, 금새우란은 노란색계통만을 나타내었다. 반면 왕새우란은 두 종의 색이 혼합된 다양한 화색을 나타내었다. 따라서 왕새우란은 새우란과 금새우란의 자연 교잡에 의해 출현된 새로운 종으로 사료된다.