• Title/Summary/Keyword: zinc undecylenate

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Toxic Effect of Zinc Undecylenate on the Embryogenesis of Sea Urchins Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus and Mesocentrotus nudus (Zinc Undecylenate가 말똥성게(Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)와 둥근성게(Mesocentrotus nudus)의 배아발생에 미치는 독성 영향)

  • Choi, Hoon;Park, Yun-Ho;Lee, Ju-Wook;Lee, Seung-Min;Choi, Youn-Seok;Hwang, Un-Ki
    • Journal of Marine Life Science
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.43-50
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    • 2020
  • The aim of this study is toxicity assessment using two types of sea urchins (H. pulcherrimus, M. nudus) that can representative primary consumers in potential coastal environments pollutants, Zinc undecylenate (ZU), which is used for various purposes, such as pharmaceutical agents and anti-bacterial and anti-fungi. The Fertilization rate and normal embryogenesis rate of H. pulcherrimus and M. nudus were concentration-dependent decreased. Besides, EC50 of fertilization rate with H. pulcherrimus and M. nudus were 11.27 mgl-1 and 1.48 mgl-1, and EC50 of normal embryogenesis were 0.94 mgl-1 and 3.78 mgl-1. NOEC of normal embryogenesis were 0.20 and 0.78 mgl-1, respectively. In addition, to find the safety criteria of the ZU on the marine environment. PNEC value was 0.0094 mgl-1, calculated using the toxicity values of two species of sea urchin derived from this study and the acute toxicity results of the coastal area through literature research. The above results will be used as basic data for establishing environmental protection strategies for marine environmental pollutants.

Toxic evaluation of phenanthrene and zinc undecylenate using the population growth rates of marine diatom, Skeletonema costatum (해산규조류(Skeletonema costatum)의 개체군 성장률을 이용한 phenanthrene와 zinc undecylenate의 독성평가)

  • Lee, Ju-Wook;Choi, Hoon;Park, Yun-Ho;Lee, Yoon;Heo, Seung;Hwang, Un-Ki
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.372-379
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    • 2019
  • We evaluated the toxic effects of phenanthrene (PHE) and zinc undecylenate (ZU) on the population growth rate (r) of the marine diatom, Skeletonema costatum. The r of S. costatum was determined after 96 hrs of exposure to PHE (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg L-1) and ZU (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg L-1). The results showed that r in the control (the absence of PHE and ZU) was greater than 0.04, while r in the treatment groups decreased with increasing PHE and ZU concentrations. PHE and ZU were shown to reduce r in a dose-dependent manner, with significant decreases occurring at concentrations above 50 and 10 mg L-1, respectively. The EC50 values of r in PHE and ZU exposure were 136.13 and 16.95 mg L-1, respectively. The no observed effect concentrations (NOEC) were 25 and 5 mg L-1, and the lowest observed effect concentrations (LOEC) were 50 and 10 mg L-1. These results indicated that concentrations of greater than 50 mg L-1 of PHE and 10 mg L-1 of ZU in marine ecosystems induced a toxic effect on the r of S. costatum. These results can serve as useful baseline data for the establishment of safety concentrations of PHE and ZU in marine ecosystems.

Toxicity Assessment of Antifouling Agent using the Survival and Population Growth Rate of Marine Rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis (해산로티퍼(Brachionus plicatilis)의 생존 및 개체군 성장률을 이용한 신방오도료(Zinc undecylenate)의 독성평가)

  • Hwang, Un-Ki;Choi, Hoon;Park, Yun-Ho;Park, Na-Young;Jang, Soo-Jung;Lee, Seung Min;Choi, Yun-Seok;Yang, Joon-Yong;Lee, Ju-Wook
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.392-399
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    • 2018
  • Toxicity assessment of antifouling agent, zinc undecylenate (ZU) has been investigated using the rate of survival and population growth in marine rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis. The survival rate of Brachionus plicatilis was determined after 24 h of exposure to ZU and was not affected up to the maximum level of $100.0mg\;L^{-1}$ of ZU. The population growth rate (r) was determined after 72 h of exposure to ZU. It was observed that r in the controls (absence ZU) was greater than 0.5 but exhibited a sudden decrease with an increase in the concentration of ZU. ZU reduced r in a dose-dependent manner and a significant reduction occurred at a concentration greater than $12.5mg\;L^{-1}$. The 50% effective concentration ($EC_{50}$) value of r during ZU exposure was $26.4mg\;L^{-1}$, No-observed-effect-concentration (NOEC) was $6.3mg\;L^{-1}$ and Lowest-observed-effect-concentration (LOEC) was $12.5mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. Based on the results, it is apparent that ZU concentration greater than $12.5mg\;L^{-1}$ exhibited a toxic effect on the r of zooplankton, B. plicatilis in natural ecosystems.