• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.847-868
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• 2016

Let M be an invariant subspace of $H^2$ over the bidisk. Associated with M, we have the fringe operator $F^M_z$ on $M{\ominus}{\omega}M$. It is studied the Fredholmness of $F^M_z$ for (generalized) zero based invariant subspaces M. Also ker $F^M_z$ and ker $(F^M_z)^*$ are described.