• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.233-238
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• 2006

This research confirmed the chemical structure of Curcumine and Carthamin pigments whose pigments were separated and refined from the Curcuma longa and Carthamus Tinctorious which were natural dye using FT-IR, HPLC and so on. The cotton and the silk fabrics were dyed using a main pigment and then this research obtained the conclusion as it follows. The curcumine, the main pigment of Curcuma longa extracted from the mixed solvent of acetic anhydride and methanol ($CH_3OH$), had the maximum absorption wavelength at 504.0 nm and was confirmed as yellow natural pigment. The Carthamin, the main pigment of Carthamus Tinctorious extracted from the mixed solvent of dichloromethane and methanol, had the maximum absorption wavelength at 420.0nm. This pigment was confirmed as yellow natural pigment. The dyeing property of the main pigment about the silk fabrics was superior to that about the cotton in both the Curcuma longa and Carthamus Tinctorious, and the dyeing property of Carthamus Tinctorious was superior to that of Curcuma longa.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.639-642
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• 2009

The research was performed to find out the optimum firing condition for the $SnO_2-TiO_2-V_2O_5$ system yellow pigment. The pigment based on $SnO_2-V_2O_5$ system showed very intense yellow color and it was used widely in ceramics industry. Synthesized pigment, with partial substitutions of $SnO_2\;by\;TiO_2$, was fired at $1300{^{\circ}C}$ soaking 1h and it showed bright yellow color. $SnO_2-TiO_2-V_2O_5$ system was very more intensive changes in yellow color by colorimetric value $b^*$ than $SnO_2-V_2O_5$ system. Synthesized yellow pigments were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The best composition for yellow pigment was 93:7:0.5(mole%) for $SnO_2-V_2O_5-TiO_2$. The measurement of CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ of pigment was $L^*(78.82),\;a^*(-4.88)\;and\;b^*$(59.25).

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.1853-1859
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• 2023

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effects of different types of xanthophyll extracted from marigold on the growth performance, skin color, and carcass pigmentation. Methods: A total of 192 healthy 60-day-old yellow-feathered broilers weighing an average of 1,279±81 g were randomly allocated to 4 groups, each with 6 replicates and 8 broilers. The 4 treatments were as follows: i) CON group, fed with basal diet; ii) LTN group, supplemented with lutein; iii) MDP group, supplemented with monohydroxyl pigment including dehydrated lutein, β-cryptoxanthin, and α-cryptoxanthin; iv) LTN+MDP group, supplemented with lutein and monohydroxyl pigment in proportion to 1:1. The supplementary content of LTN, MDP, and LTN+MDP was 2 g/kg. Skin color was measured after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of feeding the dietary treatments. The breast, thigh, and abdominal fat of slaughtered chickens were stored in cold storage at 4℃ for 24 hours and then the meat color of lightness (L^*), redness (a^*), and yellowness (b^*) values was determined. Results: The results showed that all treatments enhanced the yellow scores of subwing skin on day 14, 21, and 28 (p<0.05), and the mixture of lutein and monohydroxyl pigment promoted the yellow scores of shanks on day 14, 21, and 28 (p<0.05). The mixture of lutein and monohydroxyl pigment increased the yellow scores of beaks and all treatments enhanced the yellow of shanks on day 28 (p<0.05). In addition, all treatments improved the yellow (b^*) values of breast and thigh muscle, moreover, the monohydroxyl pigment and the mixture of lutein and monohydroxyl pigment enhanced the values of redness (a^*) and yellow (b^*) of abdominal fat (p<0.05). Conclusion: In summary, different types of xanthophyll extracted from marigold significantly increased the yellow scores of skin color and the yellow (b^*) values of carcass pigmentation. Especially, the mixture of lutein and monohydroxyl pigment was more efficient on skin color.

• 공업화학
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2015

Benzimidazolone계 황색 안료 Benzimidazolone 180 (P.Y. 180)은 잉크, 도료, 플라스틱, 토너, 칼라필터 등의 다양한 분야에서 널리 사용되며, 녹색 빛을 나타내는 황색 안료로 내열성, 내용제성 및 내산 염기성에 우수한 고기능성 안료이다. 본 연구에서는 커플링 반응을 통하여 다양한 온도 조건 하에서 합성하였으며 가압 장치 autoclave를 사용하여 여러 용매 및 온도별 결정화 처리를 통하여 시료의 물성에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. DMSO 용매를 사용하여 결정화 처리한 안료는 상대적으로 높은 회절 강도 비와 입자크기 증가, 분산성 향상, 색력 증가를 나타내었다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.327-333
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• 2022

Sri Lanka has four types of mural painting styles; Classic, Late Classic, Kandyan, and Southern styles, but there is little research on scientific analysis for mural paintings. In this study, we analyze white, yellow, and red clay pigments which were collected from ancient producing sites. Analyzing pigment samples shows that samples are containing aluminum oxide(Al₂O₃) and silicon dioxide(SiO₂) which are connected to the soil. And a degree of iron oxidation determines yellow or red colors. To understand the characteristics of clay pigment samples, we go over previous pigment analyses of mural paintings in Sri Lanka. Kaolin is identified after the 17^th century, yellow and red ochre are applied in early periods, Classic and Late Classic styles. The change in raw materials of pigments occurred in the 17^th century.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.72-76
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• 1998

세균을 이용한 복귀돌연변이 시험계는 Salmonella typhimurium 히스티딘 요구성 변이주를 이용하여 염기대치환(base change)의 돌연변이를 검출하는 S. typhimurium TA100, TA1535와 frameshift형의 돌연변이를 검출하는 S. Tphimurium TA98, TA1537로 구성되어 있으며, 화학물질의 변이원성에 의하여 히스티딘 비요구성으로 복귀하는 돌연변이를 검토하는 시험계로 널리 이용되고 있다. 시험결과, Yellow pigment는 S. typhimurium에 대한 독성도 나타나지 않았으며, 배지 1$m\ell$당 200$\mu\textrm{g}$ 이하의 모든 농도에서 S-9 Mix(대사활성계)의 유무에 관계없이 S. typhimurium 모든 변이주에서 히스티딘 요구성에 대한 복귀돌연변이를 유발하지 않는 물질로 판단되었다. 이상의 결과로부터 치자황색색소는 S. typhimurium을 이용한 복귀돌연변이 시험에서 유전독성이 없는 물질로 사료되었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.454-458
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• 1997

To develop a yellow pigment for a food-additive, a strain producing a water-soluble yellow pigment was isolated from phylloplane of tree leaf. The strain PY123 was identified a Bacillus sp. based on morphological and biochemical characterization such as a bacillus form, mortility, spore formation, Gram positive, and catalase production. The pigment production of the strain PY123 was increased about 3 times in patato broth containing 1% sucrose and 0.1 mM CoCl$_{2}$ than in only potato broth after incubation at 30$circ$C, for 2 days. When 0.1 mM CoCl$_{2}$, was added in potato broth containing 1% sucrose at late log phase during incubation of the strain PY123, cell growth was not inhibited, and the period at maximal pigment production of the strain PY123 was about 12hrs faster than in potato broth containing 1% sucrose and 0.1 mM CoCl$_{2}$, simultaniously.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 1997

The stability of monascin yellow pigment isolated from Monascus purpureus was determined over a period of storage for the wide range of pH, various metal ions and antioxidants. The absorption maximum of monascin pigment was 385 nm. Monascin pigment was more stable in acid solutions than in alkaline (pH 9 and pH 11) during storage period. It was also observed the reduction of absorption was occur after 3 days storage. The stability of monascin pigment was not changed by adding the various metal ions of the concentration of 10-4 M, however, it was unstable by adding the Zn2+, Al3+ and Fe3+ of 103- M concentration. The antioxidants. BHA, BHT, cysteine and L-ascorbic acid, have no effects on the stability of monascin yellow pigment. Thus, it may be concluded that the monascin pigment is stable and useful food additives as the natural colorant except for the alkaline food and food containing the Zn2+, Al3+ and Fe3+.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1979

배양된 색소액으로부터 조색소의 생산, 물리적 성질, 생리적 성질을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 유기용매를 이용하여 Petroleum ether에서 황색계 조색소, 60％ ethanol에서 적색계 조색소를 얻었으며 배양액 100ml당 적색조색소 400mg, 황색조색소가 80 mg 정 도 생산되었다. 2) 배양된 색소액의 흡광도곡선은 495∼500nm에서 최대 흡광도를 나타내었고 균사체를 파괴하여 추출한 균체내 색소의 최대 흡광도는 394∼403nm이었다. 3) Thin layer Chromatography에 의한 적색계 색소는 5가지 색소물질로 구성되어 있었고 황색계 색소는 1가지였으며 pH 안정성은 pH 3에서 pH 9까지 비교적 안정하였다. 4) 추출한 색소액의 용혈반응시험은 음성이었고 적색조색소의 항균력시험은 감수성이 없었으며 급성 시험의 결과에서는 독성이 없었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.880-884
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• 2005

치자황색소로부터 생물변환색소를 생산하기 위하여 Gram 양성 세균 7종, Gram 음성세균 4종, 효모 2종 등 총 13종의 미생물을 jar fermentor에서 배양하고 치자황색소를 첨가한 후 7일간 생물변환된 색소의 색가에 대해 조사한 결과,S. mutans MK-34에 의해 변환된 색소의 색가가 가장 높았다. 치자황색소가 jar fermentor 안에서 S. mutans MK-34에 의한 변환의 특징은 588 nm에서 새로운 흡수극대가 나타나며, 흡광도값은 배양시간이 경과함에 따라 증가하였다 S. mutans에 의한 생물변환 색소를 대상으로 광 및 온도에 대한 안정성 조사에서 치자황색소에 비해 생물변환 색소가 일광 조건 및 $60^{\circ}C$ 온도조건에서 안정성을 나타내었다.