• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2000

This study was undertaken to determine if Juglandis Semen Aquacupuncture(Ja) has a protective effect against glycerol-induced acute renal failure in rats. Rats were dehydrated for 24hr and then injected with $5m{\ell}/kg$ of 50% glycerol, one-half of dose in each hindlimb muscle. In experiments for Ja effect, rats received $0.1m{\ell}$ of Ja extraction in both sides of corresponding $Sh{\grave{e}}ns{\bar{u}}$($BL_{23}$) of human body and non-acupuncture points(the root of tail) for 3 days after injection of glycerol. The experimental group were divided into the Normal group, the Control group, the Ja to $Sh{\grave{e}}ns{\bar{u}}$($BL_{23}$) group(Ja-AS), the Ja to non-acupuncture points group(Ja-AN). There were significant decrease of Urine vollume, total protein and phosphate level in Ja-AS as compared with the control group. There were not any significant change of Urine creatinine in Ja-AS as compared with the control group. There were significant decrease of Unine glucose in Ja-AS, Ja-AN as compared with the control group. This suggests that Ja-AS could be used in prevention and treatment of acute renal failure. However, the precise mechanisms of Ja protection remain to be determined.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.67-79
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• 2016

The Oroqen (鄂伦春) traditional costume refers to what the nomadic Oroqen people used to wear before they settled into fixed communities. With very limited contact with the outside world and with limited resources, the clothing material was virtually entirely animal hide. With settlement, especially after 1996, animal hide clothing has declined among the Oroqen. As an important part of Oroqen tradition and culture, the Oroqen people keep endevoring to promote costume design through competition and exhibitions. Therefore, this paper seeks to present an insightful understanding of Oroqen culture and the formative features of their general clothing. We explored the formative features of Oroqen animal hide clothing based on an analysis of actual artifacts and literature. As a result, the characteristics of Oroqen hide clothing were found in five types - coats, trousers, hats, shoes, gloves. For the decoration, embroidery and applique were their way of decoration, and Mother Nature was their source of pattern design.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.130-139
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• 2014

Objectives : This is a clinical report on a 27-year-old patient with Multi-patched Alopecia Areata(AA) assumed to be occurred by chronic lymphadenopathy, and treated by oriental medicine treatment. Methods : The patient was treated by herb medication and acupuncture. The improvement of the patient was judged by magnifying glass, camera and VAS scale. Results & Conclusions : The AA patches were shown the regrowth of hair. And the pain from lymphadenopathy was disappeared. Oriental medicine treatment including Gagamsunbangpaedok-tang $(Ji\bar{a}ji\check{a}nxi\bar{a}nf\acute{a}ngb\grave{a}id\acute{u}-t\bar{a}ng)$ was effective to regrow hair on AA patches and reduce the symptom of lymphadenopathy as well.

• 철학연구
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• 제105권
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• pp.49-74
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 토미즘에 있어서 '인간적 행위'가 가지는 '자기초월의 성격'을 조명하는 데에 있다. 토미즘에 있어서 이성과 의지를 가진 인간의 본성은 궁극적인 목적에로 지향성을 가진 것이며, 따라서 '인간의 행위'가 아닌 '인간적 행위'란 이러한 본성에 적합한 행위를 말하며, 현재의 상태보다 더 낳은 상태를 지향하는 '자기초월'을 성격을 가지는 것이다. 물론 이러한 자기초월적 성격을 본질적으로 가지게 되는 인간적 행위의 근거는 인간의 형상인 이성혼(理性魂)이 '자립적인 형상'이라는 데에 있다. 토마스 아퀴나스에게 있어서 이러한 인간적 행위의 자기초월의 성격은 크게 세 가지 단계를 거친다고 볼 수 있는데, (1)자연적 진보의 질서 안에서의 초월, (2)도덕적 질서 안에서의 자기초월 그리고 (3)종교적 삶에 있어서 자기초월이 그것이다. 자연적 진보에서는 우선적으로 이성적 영혼의 특성에서 드러나는데, 아퀴나스는 인간의 이성적인 덕을 '나약함 안에서의 충만함'이라고 규정하는데, 이는 이성적인 덕이란 '외적 감각능력들의 목적지($finalit{\acute{e}}$)'로서 고려하기 때문이다. 외적 감각을 통해서 인간은 '감각적 상(especies sensibilis)'들을 수용하며, 이미지들을 보존하고, 이 이미지들은 기억 혹은 추억이라는 형태로 그의 실존의 일부가 되며, 자기의식을 의미하는 정신적인 실재가 되는 것이다. 따라서 토마스에게 있어서 이성의 덕은 단순히 사변적인 능력이 아니라, '되어짐'의 질서, 충만함의 질서 안에 있는 것이다. 바로 이 때문에 토마스는 이성(ratio)의 능력을 '생성(generatio)'에 비유하고 있으며, 지성(intellectus)을 존재(esse)에 비유하고 있는 것이다. 즉 이성은 감각을 초월하고, 지성은 이성을 초월하는 것이다. 도덕적 질서 안에서의 자기초월은 의식의 진보와 관련되어 있는데, 인간의 의식은 언제나 이중적인데, 일차적으로 외부대상에 대한 인식이요, 이차적으로 이러한 외부대상에 대한 인식의 결과라 할 수 있는 자기의식(contientia)이다. 즉 이러한 외부대상에 대한 인식은 근본적으로 자기의식 혹은 자기인식을 목적으로 하며, 자기인식에서 완성된다. 자기의식은 '자기동일성'에 대한 의식을 말하는데, 여기서 인간의 특유한 도덕적 행위가 발생한다. 즉 당위 혹은 의무라는 것은 언제나 '자기동일성'에 대한 적합성을 의미하는 것이며, 이러한 행위가 지속적일 때, 도덕적 삶이 발생하는 것이다. 도덕적 삶이 그 자체 초월적인 성격을 가지는 것은 '자기동일성'에 적합한 인간적 행위란 언제나 '보다 나은 것' 보다 '이상적인 삶'을 지향하기 때문이다. 종교적 삶에 있어서 토미즘의 특성을 보다 잘 부각하기 위해서 본 논문에서는 키엘케고올의 종교적 삶에 대한 초월성을 우선적으로 고찰하고 있는데, 그에 의하면 종교적 삶에 있어서 초월적 성격은 '절대적 차원의 초월'로서 근본적으로 합리적으로 기술되거나 표현될 수 있는 모든 문화적인 인간적인 지평을 넘어서는 '초월' 즉 '절대적 초월($d{\acute{e}}passement$ absolu)을 의미하는 것이다. 반면 아퀴나스에게 있어서 신과 인간 사이의 '친근성($affinit{\acute{e}}$)'은 수용된 덕들(virtutes infusas)이 있는 곳에는 반드시 일종의 종교적인 초월이 수반된다. '가능태'중에 있는 하나의 (수용된)덕이 '현실태'가 되는 곳에는 반드시 '자기초월'의 행위가 수반되는 것이다. 왜냐하면 이러한 수용된 덕의 국면은 신과 인간 사이의 소통을 말해주고 있기 때문이며, 이는 곧 '인간적인 것'에서 '신성한 것'에로의 초월을 암시하고 있기 때문이다. 이러한 아퀴나스의 사유는 구체적이고 개별적인 한 인간의 종교적인 삶 안에서 '자기초월'이 이루어지는 곳에는 언제나 신의 섭리가 개입하고 있다는 실재론적인 사유를 가능하게 하고 있는 것이다.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.102-112
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• 2013

Using data on the U.S. automobile industry between 1979 and 1999, we have investigated the impact of inter-divisional domain overlap on a division's product differentiation vis-$\grave{a}$-vis sister divisions. The results show that the higher the level of inter-divisional domain overlap, relative to the focal division's own domain, the higher the chances of locating a new product closer to the existing products of a sister division, thereby decreasing product differentiation vis-$\grave{a}$-vis this sister division. We argue that this is due to a high level of similar capabilities between the two divisions and the division with less distinctive capabilities may have little choice but to launch a new product that is close to the products of the other division.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.58-77
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• 2019

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate clinical studies on the effect of acupuncture, moxibustion, and manual therapy in pediatric growth by analyzing randomized controlled trials conducted in China. Methods We searched the clinical studies from the China Academic Journal (CAJ) in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) by specific key words and criteria. Selected 31 clinical studies were collected and analyzed. Results Total of 31 randomized controlled trials were selected and analyzed. In most of the studies, the effectiveness of acupuncture, moxibustion, and manual therapy on growth was significantly high. The most commonly used therapies were massage. The most commonly used massage methods were pinching spine (捏脊), pressing and kneading $Z\acute{u}s\bar{a}nl\check{i}$ (按?足三里), supplementing $P\acute{i}j\bar{i}ng$ (補脾經), supplementing $Sh\grave{e}nj\bar{i}ng$ (補腎經), rubbing Abdomen (摩腹), pushing $Y\check{o}ngqu\acute{a}n$ (推涌泉), supplementing $F\grave{e}ij\bar{i}ng$ (補肺經), kneading $T\grave{a}iy\acute{a}ng$ (?太陽), and kneading $Sh\acute{e}nqu\grave{e}$ (?神闕) etc. Conclusions Based on the results of the clinical studies from China, acupuncture, moxibustion, and manual therapy can be a valuable option for pediatric growth.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.219-230
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• 2008

Objectives : Consumption is a chronic wasting disease, in oriental medicine concept. Fatigue is a common symptom experienced by many people who have consumption. However, there has been little study about the relationship between consumption and fatigue in the Oriental medicine. For this reason, we attempted to investigate the present status of fatigue of outpatients, and its relation with consumption index, public health practice index, Chalder fatigue scale and Subjective Symptoms of Fatigue Test. Methods : The subjects were 149 outpatients who complain fatigue between Nov. 1, 2006 and Oct. 31, 2007. We measured degree of consumption by consumption index. We measured degree of fatigue by Chalder fatigue scale and Subjective Symptoms of Fatigue Test. Public health practice were investigated by "Breslow's 7 health practice". Results : Studies have shown that a group who disregard public health practices have higher numerical value, in part of $q\grave{i}-x\bar{u}$, $xu\grave{e}-x\bar{u}$, and Physical symptoms than a group more concerned with public health practice. A group who has fatigue for a period over 6 months are more likely to be $q\grave{i}-x\bar{u}$, $y\bar{i}n-x\bar{u}$, Chalder fatigue scale, neuro-sensory symptoms than a group fatigued for less than 6 months. Among the subjects, 81 (55.5%) were considered as 'fatigue patients' by the Chalder scale. Chalder fatigue scale, according to the Subjective Symptoms of Fatigue Test, consumption also, The more increase of Subjective symptoms of fatigue test, the more of consumption scale. Conclusions : This study has shown that there is a link between consumption and fatigue. Moreover, oriental medicine's consumption is more concrete than fatigue scale, so consumption index will have wide application to the study of fatigue.

• 의료법학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.367-397
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• 2014

Dans le contentieux m$\acute{e}$dical, il est difficile de prouver l'existence d'un lien de causalit$\acute{e}$ entre la faute m$\acute{e}$dicale et les pr$\acute{e}$judices subis par la victime. R$\acute{e}$partir bien de façon raisonnable la charge de la preuve du lien causal est alors une des questions pr$\acute{e}$occup$\acute{e}$es par la doctrine cor$\acute{e}$enne. La Cour supr$\hat{e}$me cor$\acute{e}$enne semble toutefois facilliter l'indemnisation des victimes dans les cas o$\grave{u}$ la responsabilit$\acute{e}$ du m$\acute{e}$decin a ${\acute{e}}t{\acute{e}}$ mise en cause, et cela en admettant des fois une solution op$\acute{e}$rant un renversement de la charge de la preuve du lien causal. Une telle attitude a ${\acute{e}}t{\acute{e}}$ m$\hat{e}$me affirm$\acute{e}$e dans un arr$\hat{e}$t rendu r$\acute{e}$cemment en cas de dommage caus$\acute{e}$ par le fait du produit de sant$\acute{e}$, notamment pour le cas de contamination virale par voie de transfusion. La Cour a $\acute{e}$galement reconnu que l'action se pr$\acute{e}$scrit $\grave{a}$ partir du moment de la consolidation du pr$\acute{e}$judice. Aux termes de cette $\acute{e}$tude, on pourra constater que le juge français reconna$\hat{i}$t aussi l'assouplissement de la charge de la preuve du lien de causalit$\acute{e}$ en mati$\acute{e}$re d'action m$\acute{e}$dicale. Il faudra toutefois souligner que le ph$\acute{e}$nom$\acute{e}$ne ne soit pas g$\acute{e}$n$\acute{e}$ralis$\acute{e}$ en droit français, d'autant plus que la pr$\acute{e}$somption de l'existence de la causalit$\acute{e}$ en la mati$\grave{e}$re a $\acute{e}$t$\acute{e}$ admise de mani$\grave{e}$re restrictive par la l$\acute{e}$gislation sp$\acute{e}$cifique. Tel $\acute{e}$tait notamment le cas pour les accidents de la contamination par le virus du sida ou de l'h$\acute{e}$patite C survenus apr$\grave{e}$s la transfusion. En d$\acute{e}$finitive, on peut dire qu'en droit français, le principe est maintenu en cas de manquement $\grave{a}$ une obligation de r$\acute{e}$sultat n$\acute{e}$e du contrat m$\acute{e}$dical, tandis que la Cour de cassation admet parfois en mati$\grave{e}$re de droit commun de la responsabilit$\acute{e}$ contractuelle la pr$\acute{e}$somption de causalit$\acute{e}$ en cas d'inex$\acute{e}$cution des obligations de r$\acute{e}$sultat. En fait, la pr$\acute{e}$somption de causalit$\acute{e}$ dans le contentieux m$\acute{e}$dical pourra mener les m$\acute{e}$decins $\grave{a}$ se diriger vers les traitements d$\acute{e}$fensifs. Cette situation peut m$\hat{e}$me conduire $\grave{a}$ emp$\hat{e}$cher le d$\acute{e}$veloppement de la science m$\acute{e}$dicale, enfin $\grave{a}$ une situation d$\acute{e}$savantageuse aux patients. Il y a alors lieu de se m$\acute{e}$fier des int$\acute{e}$r$\hat{e}$ts d$\acute{e}$s$\acute{e}$quilibr$\acute{e}$s entre le m$\acute{e}$decin et le patient. De ce point de vue, on peut estimer que le droit français donne des suggestions aux juristes cor$\acute{e}$ens dans la recherche des solutions plus ad$\acute{e}$quates en ce qui concerne la charge de la preuve du lien causal en mati$\acute{e}$re de responsabilit$\acute{e}$ m$\acute{e}$dicale.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2016

This study was performed to examine the clinical discussion records where Lee Gong-yoon, participated in Royal treatment at Joseon Dynasty, was involved. Lee Gong-yoon who scouted from the outside had participated in the medical center of the Royal Family for several years as a royal doctor. But he preferred aggressive prescriptions and behaved indiscreet. Eventually, he was exiled when Kyung-Jong who was the 20th king of the Joseon Dynasty died. He was harshly criticized until the year crown prince ascended the throne following Kyung-Jong. But some officials started to defend him since March of the next year. They recognized Lee Gong-yoon's aggressive prescriptions and indiscreet behavior. But mentioned that some very aggressive prescriptions didn't come from his own idea. After they proved their insistence true, his place of exile was changed from island to outland. Different from other doctors who focused on patients' 元气 ($yu{\acute{a}}nq{\grave{i}}$), Lee Gong-yoon focused on removing patients' symptoms when he decided to cure a disease. And also he had considerable insight of "醫學入門 ($y{\bar{i}}xu{\acute{e}}r{\grave{u}}m{\acute{e}}n$)". Despite of his high degree of medical knowledge, unconventional character and behavior made the end of his life unfortunate.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2011

중국 대학입학시험의 정식 명칭은 '보통고등학교초생전국통일고시식(普通高等學校初生全國統一考試)이며, 일반적으로 줄여서 '고시(高考)'라고 부른다. 고시(高考)는 고등학교 교육과정 내의 지식과 능력을 측정하는 시험으로 고등학교 졸업(예정자) 및 동등학력을 갖춘 학생이 치르는 선발고사라는 점에서 우리나라의 수능과 매우 유사하다. 이런 점에서 고시(高考)의 수학과 평가 내용 및 구성 고찰을 통해 수능 수리영역에 주는 발전적인 시사점을 도출하고자 한다.