• 영어어문교육
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.19-40
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• 2009

Teacher written feedback on student compositions has received tremendous attention in second language (L2) writing research. Notwithstanding the importance of understanding both teachers' and students' perspectives on the feedback process, much of the feedback research has only looked into one-side of the story - adopting either the teacher's or the student's perspective. The current study is an attempt to look into both sides of the story by examining the types of written feedback that students prefer, the extent to which students' preferences and teachers' actual feedback practice overlap, and the extent to which student perceptions of teacher feedback coordinate teacher self-reflections on their feedback practice. Three English composition classes (3 teachers and 46 students) at a university participated in this study. It analyzed student and teacher data from questionnaires and teacher written feedback on student compositions. The results showed that students' preference for feedback on global and local issues varied across the three composition classes. This is partly a consequence of how students perceived the type of feedback that their teachers practiced. Teacher self-reflection on and student perception of teacher written-feedback generally coordinated. These findings are discussed in light of how contextual factors affect learner perception of teacher written feedback and underscore the need for examining students' reactions to feedback and teacher self-reflection.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.123-142
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• 2009

The present study used multi-faceted Rasch measurement to explore the characteristics and bias patterns of non-native raters when they scored L2 writing tasks. Three raters scored 254 writing tasks written by Korean university students on two topics adapted from the TOEFL Test of Written English (TWE). The written products were assessed using a five-category rating scale (Content, Organization, Language in Use, Grammar, and Mechanics). The raters only showed a difference in severity with regard to rating categories but not in task types. Overall, the raters scored Grammar most harshly and Organization most leniently. The results also indicated several bias patterns of ratings with regard to the rating categories and task types. In rater-task bias interactions, each rater showed recurring bias patterns in their rating between two writing tasks. Analysis of rater-category bias interaction showed that the three raters revealed biased patterns across all the rating categories though they were relatively consistent in their rating. The study has implications for the importance of rater training and task selection in L2 writing assessment.

• 아동학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.301-313
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• 2001

This study explored the linkage between literacy and writing with a computer in three-to five-year-old children. The 57 subjects were closely observed as they produced written language forms using the word processing program, Araeha Hangul. Stages of writing with a computer were developed to assess the children's computer-writing. While writing with a computer, children invented letters, words, and sentences in an experimental and playful way. Children's writing with computer improved with age. There was a positive correlation between writing with a computer and writing with a pencil. In this way, computer writing was found to be part of written language development.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.45-68
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• 2012

This study aims to investigate the different opinions about feedback given to high level Middle School students about their writing.18 students in the Gifted Program participated in the study. They were divided into three groups through their presurvey answers according to their language learning opportunities and genders. Students language self-assessment was compared with achievement as well. Three times of students' written work were collected. They then received feedback from the teacher and their two peers respectively. With the teachers' and peers' feedback, they completed their final draft. The study then examines how much the students take feedback practically from the different feedback givers. Examples of formative and corrective feedback were arranged to find out the differences in the students practice when giving and taking feedback. These Gifted class students showed that they didn't care much about who gave them the feedback, instead they cared more about how much language competence they presumed the feedback giver had. Implications of the findings are discussed and future study is suggested.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 2017년도 제29회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.260-263
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• 2017

This paper is to broaden the possible spectrums of analyzing the Korean-written novel "The Vegetarian" by using the computational linguistics program. Through the use of language model, which was usually used in bi-gram analysis in corpus linguistics, to the International Man Booker award winning novel, the characteristics of "The Vegetarian" is investigated by comparing it to the English-written novel "A Little Life".

• ETRI Journal
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2024

We introduce a high-performance named entity recognition (NER) model for written and spoken language. To overcome challenges related to labeled data scarcity and domain shifts, we use transfer learning to leverage our previously developed KorBERT as the base model. We also adopt a meta-pseudo-label method using a teacher/student framework with labeled and unlabeled data. Our model presents two modifications. First, the student model is updated with an average loss from both human- and pseudo-labeled data. Second, the influence of noisy pseudo-labeled data is mitigated by considering feedback scores and updating the teacher model only when below a threshold (0.0005). We achieve the target NER performance in the spoken language domain and improve that in the written language domain by proposing a straightforward rollback method that reverts to the best model based on scarce human-labeled data. Further improvement is achieved by adjusting the label vector weights in the named entity dictionary.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.824-831
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• 2004

This paper presents the java bytecode-to-.NET MSIL intermediate language translator which enables the execution of the java program in .NET environments without JVM(java Virtual Machine), translating bytecodes produced by compiling java programs into MSIL codes. Java, one of the most widely used programming languages recently, is the language invented by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems, which is the next generation language independent of operating systems and hardware platforms. Java source code is compiled into bytecode as intermediate code independent of each platform by compiler, and also executed by JVM. .NET language such as C# and .NET platform in Microsoft Corp. has been developed to meet the needs of programmers, and cope with Java and JVM platform of Sun Microsystems. After compiling, a program written in .NET language is converted to MSIL code, and also executed by .NET platform but not in JVM platform. For this reason, we designed and implemented the java bytecode-to-.NET MSIL translator system for programs written in java language to be executed in the. NET platform without JVM. This work improves the execution speed of programs, enhances the productivity, and provides a environment for programmers to develop application programs without limitations of programming languages.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2006

제품의 융합과 그 사용 환경의 복잡화로 인하여 다양한 감각을 활용해서 제품과 교감하는 다중 인터페이스의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 전통적이고 일반적인 정보의 습득에는 시각이 압도적으로 많이 활용되었으나 디지털 네트워크 기술을 기반으로 발달할 미래 정보 사회에서는 보다 편리하고 합리적인 제품의 사용을 위하여 다양한 감각의 활용이 요구될 것이다. 정보 전달에 있어서 시각과 더불어 점차적으로 활용 가능성이 높아지고 있는 청각은 그 쓰임새가 더욱 넓어지고 또한 다양한 방식으로 발전될 것이다. 이러한 배경을 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 정보의 전달에서 사용되는 문자언어와 음성언어의 특성과 그에 대한 반응에 있어서 남성과 여성의 차이점의 비교분석에 관한 연구가 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 일단 언어를 구성하는 여러 가지 요소에 대한 문헌자료의 연구를 수행하였다. 이어서 시각과 청각의 특성을 검토한 후 선행 연구를 기반으로 하여 적절한 실험이 설계 및 수행되었다. 수행된 실험은 객관적인 분석방법을 통하여 실험 결과가 검토되었다. 금번 연구의 결과로는 첫째, 문자언어에 대한 반응 시간이 음성언어에 대한 그것보다 짧다는 것, 둘째 각 자극에 대한 반응에 있어서 남녀간의 차이가 존재한다는 것, 셋째, 시각이 청각에 비하여 선택적인 측면에서 절대적 우위를 점하지 못한다는 점등을 들 수 있다. 이번 연구를 기반으로 하여 보다 다양한 감각에 대한 폭 넓은 연구 방법의 개발이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2005

This is a report on a new methodology to manage design knowledge by utilizing a knowledge-based CAD and a prototype system named $C^3$ (Cubic; CAD knowledge Code Capacitor), which is being developed using our methodology. $C^3$ facilitates (i) the automatic generation of a knowledge code for a knowledge-based CAD by processing design documents written in the format near the natural language, such as English or Japanese, and (ii) automatically generation of a design document written in the format near the natural language from the knowledge code. The features of the system facilitate document-based design knowledge management which reduces the designer's load to encode and maintain design knowledge, because it is easier for a designer to treat a natural language description than a coded description.

• 한국어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어정보학회 2017년도 제29회 한글및한국어정보처리학술대회
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• pp.260-263
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• 2017

This paper is to broaden the possible spectrums of analyzing the Korean-written novel "The Vegetarian" by using the computational linguistics program. Through the use of language model, which was usually used in bi-gram analysis in corpus linguistics, to the International Man Booker award winning novel, the characteristics of "The Vegetarian" is investigated by comparing it to the English-written novel "A Little Life".