• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.182-195
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze reports from research middle schools based on the criteria for process-focused assessment to find out how the characteristics of process-focused assessment were being implemented in middle school science classes. The analysis criteria for the characteristics of process-focused assessment (integration of lessons and assessments, evaluation elements and methods, content and timing of feedback, and learner growth management) were extracted. Using the analysis framework, the result reports of seven research middle schools for process-focused assessment were analyzed. In terms of integration of lessons and assessments, when the process-focused assessment was operated, the class and evaluation plan were well implemented based on the curriculum achievement standards, but the process-focused assessment was recognized as a performance evaluation. In terms of evaluation elements and methods, the evaluation element for knowledge was the main component, and competency was presented in the planning stage, but competency was not dealt with in class execution. The evaluation method was biased toward teacher-centered observation evaluation and written test, and the setting of scoring criteria for each evaluation element was insufficient. In terms of the content and timing of feedback, feedback was mainly provided based on achievement confirmation, but no case was found in which scaffolding was provided at an appropriate time for insufficient parts in the learning process. In terms of the learner's growth management, the competencies cultivated through science classes were included in the detailed subject specialties of the school record. However, little was shown in the report on how to systematically manage the process of developing learners' competencies and reflect the evaluation results to teachers' class improvement.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.77-98
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• 2005

The purpose of the study is to investigate whether focus-on-form instruction is effective in promoting accuracy in writing and to make some suggestions regarding education in business English writing. For this purpose, an experiment, of which the participants were 29 college sophomores taking a course in business English, was made. The learners received instruction in the English nouns followed by modificatory phrases or clauses through the focus-on-form techniques, feedback and explicit explanation. The results were as follows: First, the learners who received focus-on-form instruction improved accuracy in writing. Second, there was a correlation between the learners' English proficiency levels and the effects of focus-on-form instruction. Third, the high level learners showed more positive attitude toward focus-on-form instruction than the low level ones. To promote accuracy in written business communication, the following suggestions were made on the basis of the results: First, focus-on-form instruction should be incorporated into a content-based business English class. Second, repeated focus-on-form instruction is needed. Third, learners' English proficiency levels should be taken into account when focus-on-form instruction is given.

• Advances in robotics research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.113-127
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• 2018

Robotics and automation are rapidly growing in the industries replacing human labor. The idea of robots replacing humans is positively influencing the business thereby increasing its scope of research. This paper discusses the development of an experimental platform controlled by a robotic arm through Robot Operating System (ROS). ROS is an open source platform over an existing operating system providing various types of robots with advanced capabilities from an operating system to low-level control. We aim in this work to control a 7-DOF manipulator arm (Robai Cyton Gamma 300) equipped with an external vision camera system through ROS and demonstrate the task of balancing a ball on a plate-type end effector. In order to perform feedback control of the balancing task, the ball is designed to be tracked using a camera (Sony PlayStation Eye) through a tracking algorithm written in C++ using OpenCV libraries. The joint actuators of the robot are servo motors (Dynamixel) and these motors are directly controlled through a low-level control algorithm. To simplify the control, the system is modeled such that the plate has two-axis linearized motion. The developed system along with the proposed approaches could be used for more complicated tasks requiring more number of joint control as well as for a testbed for students to learn ROS with control theories in robotics.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2009

Quality management is a recent phenomenon. Advanced civilizations that supported the arts and crafts allowed clients to choose goods meeting higher quality standards than normal goods. There are many methods for quality improvement. Health care, refers to the treatment and management of illness, and the preservation of health through services offered by the medical, dental, complementary and alternative medicine, pharmaceutical, clinical laboratory sciences (in vitro diagnostics), nursing, and allied health professions. Health care embraces all the goods and services designed to promote health, including "preventive, curative and palliative interventions, whether directed to individuals or to populations. The overall impact of managed care remains widely debated. Proponents argue that it has increased efficiency, improved overall standards, and led to a better understanding of the relationship between costs and quality. Practices can solicit feedback from patients in a variety of ways: phone surveys, written surveys, focus groups or personal interviews. What do I do with the results? While you don't have to act on every suggestion that your patients give you, you should take action on the key items that are causing dissatisfaction.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.125-131
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• 2012

PURPOSES : Road lighting facilities increase the visibility of road at night in order to improve traffic driver safety and comfort. Generally speaking, current pole lighting has a tendency to create problems of glare and flicker. The phenomenon of glare gives discomfort due to increase of scattered light, when high luminance is in driver's field of view. The phenomenon of flicker occurs due to the driver passing through discontinuous pockets of pole lighting areas. These phenomenon increase eye strain and decrease driver safety. METHODS : Low height line lighting that distributes light lower than driver's eye level has been developed and evaluated to reduce the problems linked to current pole lighting. A test was undertaken with 4 conditions(turn on the general pole lighting, turn off alternate pole lighting, turn on the line lighting and line lighting with 50% dimming). A driver written survey was conducted in order to gain driver feedback. RESULTS : Pupil size and brow frequency compared with degree in pole lighting are reduced. CONCLUSIONS : Low height line lighting environment makes drivers more comfortable than pole lighting environment and is positive lighting method in the energy saving and landscape aspect.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.86-91
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• 2008

To present the design procedure of discretized 8-bit tent map executing the transformation of tent function which is one of the chaotic functions, first, the truth table of discretized tent map was written, and then according to the simplified Boolean algebra equations obtained from the truth table, the discretized map is implemented with the exclusive logic gate as a real hardware. The discretized tent map circuit which provides the feedback circuit for generating the period-8 states relevant to the 8-bit finite precision is also designed and presented in this paper. Furthermore, it might be used stream cipher system with a new key-stream circuit for generate of chaotic binary sequence.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.412-432
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics and the level of fourth grade elementary students' system thinking when they learn the unit of "Journey of Water" in terms of four key elements of system thinking such as understanding of the structure of a system, non-linearity and cyclic features, inter-relations and feedback between system properties, and temporal and invisible aspects of a system. Data included students' worksheets and their responses to a set of Likert-scaled and written assessment items on water cycle. The results showed that the level of students' system thinking did not have any hierarchy in relation to the key elements of water cycle system. In addition, the aspects of individual student's system thinking on its sub-elements were different from each other. Also, there were core ideas of system thinking which were intensively considered according to a given context to understand a complex systemic subject. When students learn water cycle, understanding of non-linearity and inter-relations were weaker compared with other key elements of system thinking. Therefore, if these two factors are taught in advance, it can promote understanding of whole system of water cycle.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.171-199
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• 2012

Saman, a novel written by Ayu Utami, has been recognized as the symbol of the politico-social changes, which began to occur since the collapse of Suharto' New Order regime in 1998. In the novel, Ayu Utami showed the spirits of resistance against various absurd socio-political circumstances during the New Order era such as pressure on discussion, abuse of power, politics-business collusion, patriarchism, and suppression of gender. In representing those spirits, Ayu Utami used unconventional structure-making, fresh feedback and multilayered descriptions of the figures, which brought her a fame as the pioneer of the Fragrant Literature (Angkatan Wangi or chick-lit). Ayu Utami particularly criticized that, under the name of sustaining the national integrity and identity, the New Order regime enhanced patriarchal system, which consequently infringed gender equality and women's rights to self-determination. In addition, Ayu Utami argued that the abuse of power and politics-business collusion, which were prevalent during the New Order period, destroyed lives of the masses and the Indonesian society.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.234-246
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to conduct a scoping review of studies on interventions for the prevention of safety accidents involving infants. Methods: The scoping review method by Arksey and O'Malley was used to conduct an overview based on information spanning a wide range of fields. Multiple electronic databases, PubMed, CINAHL, RISS, and KISS, were searched for articles written in English or Korean published from 2012 to the present on safety accident prevention interventions. A total of 2,137 papers were found, and 20 papers were ultimately analyzed. Results: Most studies were conducted in the United States (55.0%) and in the medical field (45.0%), and most were experimental studies (35.0%). The results were organized across five categories: 1) preventive precautions, 2) characteristics of children's developmental stages, 3) encouraging voluntary participation, 4) continuity of interventions, and 5) teaching methods. Conclusion: Safety accident prevention interventions should cover the establishment of a safe home environment, include voluntary participation, and provide routine follow-up interventions. Additionally, practical training and teaching methods that incorporate feedback rather than a lecture-oriented approach should be adopted.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.51-73
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• 2012

Social network services based on openness, connectedness, and mass participation are reshaping many aspects of how companies conduct business and create value for their customers. For instance, Facebook and Twitter are expected to play a pivotal role as a new communication channel through which companies-forge close relationships with their customers for co-creation of value for mutual benefits. Given the potential of social network services, it is not surprising that many companies have strategically invested in social network services to reach out to customers. Despite the growing interest in social network services as a platform to connect companies and their customers, few guidelines exist about how managers can effectively utilize social network services in forging relationships with their customers. As such, scholars should pay greater attention to how firms can successfully develop relationships with their customers on social network services. In particular, this study employs the S-O-R (stimulus-organism-response) framework as a theoretical lens to develop a research model that explains customers' participation in the value co-creation platform that companies opened on Twitter. According to the S-O-R framework, certain types of individuals' behaviors can be best understood based on a causal link from environmental stimulus to organism, and response. We apply the S-O-R framework to understand how ubiquitous connectivity (stimuli) can influence customers' experience (organism) with companies on Twitter, which in turn influence their participation behavior (response). Two steps have been undertaken to empirically test the research model. First, we conducted a content analysis of tweets written by customers who follow companies on Twitter. As a result, we found event/promotion participation, company support, and giving feedback as three specific types of customer participation behavior. Second, we conducted a web-based survey to test research hypotheses in the research model. Participations in the survey were solicited to customers who followed companies on Twitter. As a result, a total of 115 respondents have completed the survey. Data were analyzed using the partial least square (PLS) technique. The results of data analysis suggest that ubiquitous connectivity (stimuli) had strong positive effects on perceive usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and perceived intimacy (organism). Perceived intimacy showed positive effects on customer participation behavior (response), such as event participation, company support, and giving feedback. Perceived enjoyment was found to have strong positive effects on company support and giving feedback. On the other hand, perceived usefulness did not have significant impacts on the three types of customer participation behavior.