• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 1991

수술전 방사선 조사는 불가능한 수술을 가능케 하며, 암의 크기를 축소시켜 수술범위를 감소시킬 수 있어 조직 및 장기의 보존과 기능을 유지할 수 있게 한다. 그러나 수술의 성과는 완전한 창상의 치유없이는 이루어질수가 없으며 수술전에 시행하는 방사선조사는 창상의 회복을 불완전하게 만들거나 지연시키는 것으로 알려져 있어 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 본 연구는 252마리의 마우스 좌우측 하지 상단 내측 피부에 일회 2000cGy의 방사선조사를 실시 한후 즉시, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20주후에 외과적 피부절개 및 봉합과 유사한 창상을 만들었고, 그후 일정한 간격으로 창상의 장력강도 측정과 병리학적 관찰을 하고 방사선조사와 수술이 시행될때까지의 시간적 간격과 창상 치유정도의 상관관계를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 방사선 조사직후와 1주, 2주내에 창상이 발생된 경우에는 장력강도의 최고치의 발현 및 상승속도가 지연되어 통계학적으로 의의가 있었다. 2. 방사선 조사후 $4\sim8$주내에 창상이 발생되었을 경우 장력강도의 변화는 대조군과 비교해서 별다른 차이가 없었다. 3. 방사선 조사후 12,16,20주내에 창상이 발생되면 장력강도의 최고치의 발현과 상승 속도가 약간 지연되었다. 4. 대조군에 비해 방사선조사군의 창상의 장력 강도 평균치는 모든 관찰기간동안 감소되었다. 5. 병리조직학적 소견상 상피세포는 방사선조사군에서도 정상적인 속도로 재생되었으며 섬유아세포 및 교원질의 출현시기는 대조군에 비해서 약간 지연되었으나 장력강도의 상승과 교원질량간에 상관관계가 존재함을 추정할 수 있었다. 6. 방사선 조사후 창상 발생의 관찰기간이 경과함에 따라 장력강도의 평균치가 오히려 감소됨은 영양과 전신상태에 관련있는 것으로 생각되었다. 그러므로 수술전 고선량의 방사선 조사를 시행하면, 창상치유는 지연시키며 특히 방사선조사 직후, 1주 및 2주후에 수술을 시 행할 경우 창상치유를 심하게 지연시킬 수 있고, 또 12, 16,20주후에도 역시 창상치유의 지연을 예상할 수 있겠다. 그러나 $4\sim8$주후에 수술을 시행하면 별부작용없이 창상 치유가 가능하므로 가장 적절한 수술시기 라고 생각한다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.403-410
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• 2018

Background Radiation-induced skin injury is a dose-limiting complication of radiotherapy. To investigate this problem and to develop a framework for making decisions on treatment and dose prescription, a murine model of radiation-induced skin injury was developed. Methods The dorsal skin of the mice was isolated, and irradiation was applied at single doses of 15, 30, and 50 Gy. The mice were followed for 12 weeks with serial photography and laser Doppler analysis. Sequential skin biopsy samples were obtained and subjected to a histological analysis, immunostaining against transforming growth factor beta (TGF-${\beta}$), and Western blotting with Wnt-3 and ${\beta}$-catenin. Increases in the levels of TGF-${\beta}$, Wnt, and ${\beta}$-catenin were detected after irradiation. Results All tested radiation doses caused progressive dermal thickening and fibrosis. The cause of this process, however, may not be radiation alone, as the natural course of wound healing may elicit a similar response. The latent appearance of molecular and histological markers that induce fibrosis in the 15 Gy group without causing apparent gross skin injuries indicates that 15 Gy is an appropriate dose for characterizing the effects of chronic irradiation alone. Thus, this model best mimics the patterns of injury that occur in human subjects. Conclusions This animal model can be used to elucidate the gross and molecular changes that occur in radiation-induced skin injury and provides an effective platform for studying this adverse effect without complicating the process of wound healing.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.307-314
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• 1998

The author has undertaken this study for demonstrating the relationship between keratinization and proliferation as well as remodeling of epidermis. Healthy ICR strain male mice, weighing about $20\sim25gm$, were used as experimental animals. Under the general anesthesia with ether the skins of experimental animals were subjected to a dorsal, transverse, full-thickness incision with 0.5cm in length, and removed them on 3rd day, 7th day and 2nd week after operation Specimens were prepared for electron microscopic study. The results obtained were as follows: The epidermis of 3rd day group is made up of $7\sim8$ keratinocytes. The new epidermal cells are grown beneath the necrotic tissue. Keratohyaline granules (KHGs) are visible in some granular cells. Various sited-KHGs are seen in granular layer cell, and in spinous cell ribosomes, tonofilaments and lamellar granules are seen. The epidermis of 7th day group is made up of $7\sim8$ keratinocytes. Numerous KHGs are seen in granular layer cells. KHGs are located in granular layer cells as well as spinous layer cells. The epidermis of End week group is composed of one-layered basal cell and $1\sim2$ layered superficial cells. Various sized-KHGs are observed in granular layer cells. The results of the present study suggest that as the epidermis should be keratinized during proliferation and remodeling process, so keratinization of the epidermis would play a major role of wound healing process.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.261-282
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• 1997

This study was undertaken to compare and investigate the wound healing process following Nd:YAG laser wounds and scalpel incisions of the rat tongue dorsal mucosa. Laser wounds were made parallel on the right side of tongue dorsum and scalpel incisions were made on the left side with 5mm length, respectively Visual inspection and immunohistochemistry with CD44 antibody after immediately, 6 hours, 1 day, 2, 4, 7, 11, 21 days after surgery were carried out. The results were as follows : 1. There was macroscopically no treat difference between laser wounds and scalpel incisions. 2. Laser wounds appeared as dry, bloodless and irregular grooves with carbonization and whitening of superficial tissues compared to sharp, straight and bleeding incisions using scalpel. 3. In the epithelium of rat tongue mucosa, CD44 expression in healing laser wounds and scalpel incisions were similar. 4. In the lamina propria and muscle layer, CD44 expression in healing laser wounds gradually increased earlier and decreased faster than scalpel incisions. Conclusively, it is suggested that pulsed Nd:YAG laser has more beneficial effect on the healing of wounded oral mucosa than scalpel in knew of CD44 expression.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the low power Helium Neon-Infra Red(HeNe-IR) laser and the special electromagnetic therapeutic apparatus stimulation, which is usually designated as TDP by using the initial of Tending Diancibo Pu which is the Chinese inscribed with English, on wound healing in rat. The seventy-five Sprague-Dawley adult female and male rats were assigned to the experimental and control groups. Each rat was anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, and three full-thickness incisions with 12mm length wert made on the back of the half cf the rats and three deep second degree burns were made on the back of the remainder of the rats. From 34 hours after being injured, the rats of the experimental laser group were irradiated with the 157mW electric power HeNe-IR laser for 2 minutes every day and the rats of the experimental TDP group were stimulated with TDP irradiation with the 4km spot distance for 20 minutes every day during the 17 days. The rats were sacrificed and the wound parts of its were incised on the first day, 4th day, 7th day, 10th day and 17th day respectively after the beginning of wound treatment with laser and TDP irradiation. The incised wound parts were processed appropriately for the light microscopic and electron microscopic examination. The length of incised wound was measured with microcaliper before the wound part was incised. There was a significant decrease in the length of the incised wound of the experimental laser and TDP group, compared with that of control group at 4th day, 7th day and 10th day(p<0.01) after surgery. Through the histological examination of the wound site, the more rapid epithelialization and collagen formation in experimental groups were showed, compared with control group. The histological results were analyzed and summarized as the follows; The epidermis begins to be regenerated and the granulation tissue begins to be changed to the mature pattern in the H-E stained incised skin of the laser and TDP treatment group on the 4th day. The epidermis shows the complete regeneration and the granulation tissue in the dermis in mostly to be matured in the laser and TDP treatment group on the 7th day, compared with control group. The chronic inflammatory cells are oberved and the necrosis of the collagen fibers are partially observed in control group on the 10th day. The dermis of the laser and TOP treatment group reveals relatively compactly arranged collgen bundles with the mature collagen fibers on the 10th day. The epidermis and dennis of the laser and TDP group are repaired normally and the hair follicles are well regenerated on the 17th day. The mild edema and the granulation tissue is observed in the dermis of the control groups and the delayed treatment process is observed on the 17th day. The Most of proliferated collagen fibrils are found to be compact and regular in electron micrograph of burn skin of the laser treatment group on the 10th day hut the interstitial eadema and some inflammatory cells are found in the control group. The above results suggest that through the visual and histological examination the epithelized epithelium and the proliferation of the collagen liters in the dermis occur very effectively with the low power laser treatment and the TDP treatment in the incised wound healing and the burn wound healing.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.459-468
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• 1997

Healing of periodontal tissues require the migration and proliferation of gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells. There is many evidences that the some agents like cytokines and polypeptide growth factors are mediate these cellular events in wound healing. Recently someone is interested in herbal drugs on periodontal tissue healing processes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 4 herbal drugs, Carthami Flis, Moutan Redias Cortex, Scirpi Rhisoma, Seed of Carthamus tinctorius L. on human gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells. Periodontal ligament cells and gingival fibroblasts were primarily cultured from extracted premolar with non-periodontal diseases. The powder from extracted. herbal drugs were prepared with distilled water. Cells were cultured with DMEM at $37^{\circ}C$, 5% $CO_2$, 100% humidity incubator, and treated with each herbal drugs with proper concentration for 1, 2, and 3 days. The cell activity was determined by ELISA reader using MTT assay. There was the most significant elevation in $10^{-3}g/ml$ of almost herbal drugs on cellular activities. The result of this study demonstrated that Carthami Flis, Moutan Radicis Cortex, Scirpi Rhisoma, Seed of Carthamus tinctorius L. appears to have beneficial effect on healing process after periodontal treatment.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.187-200
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• 1996

After loss of tooth, initial healing process is critical to preserve residual alveolar process. This study was conducted to compare the effect of hydroxylapatite particle synthetic graft and guided tissue regeneration procedure on healing of extraction wounds in 5 mongrel dogs. To investigate the maturity of bone and velocity of bone heating, bone-labeled tracers were used. After 16 weeks healing period, dogs were sacrificed. The specimens were treated with Villanueva bone stain. Fluorescence microscopy and polarized microscopy were performed to exam the pattern of bone formation in the extraction socket. The results were following ; 1. Pattern of bone regeneration in the group of hydroxylapatie graft and the group of membrane protection after hydroxylapatite graft was following ; bone regeneration was slow, regenerated bone was immature, and thickness of cortical layer was thin compare to that of untreated control group. 2. Cortical layers in membrane protected group were somewhat thicker but less condense to that of untreated control group. 3. Infiltration of inflammation cells were found in the groups using hydroxylapatite graft and membrane. We concluded that grafting of replamineform hydroxylapatite particles into the extraction socket delayed healing of the wound and disturbed the formation of cortical bone at the roof of extraction socket. The placement of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membranes on the extraction socket promotes the bone regeneration. But newly formed bone in cortical layer consists of the cortico-cancellous bone in comparison with the cortical bone of the control group.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2003

Purpose: To observe the histologic pattern of healing in molar tooth extraction sockets of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats following irradiation. Materials and Methods: Mature Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control, diabetic, and diabetic-irradiated groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced by injecting streptozotocin. Control rats were injected with a citrate buffer only. After 5 days, the right maxillary first molar was extracted under general anesthesia from each of the rats. After the extraction, rats in the diabetic-irradiated group were irradiated with a single absorbed dose of 10 Gy to the head and neck region. The rats were killed at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after treatment. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome. Results: In the diabetic and diabetic-irradiated groups, the early healing process of the socket extraction was similar to the control group, but bone formation was delayed at 7 days after the treatment. In the diabetic-irradiated group, alveolar bone surrounding the extraction socket showed signs of necrosis at 3 days after treatment, and hemorrhage was observed in connective tissue within the extraction socket at 14 days after treatment. Conclusion: This experiment revealed that the healing process of the extraction socket was severely delayed and retarded by irradiation in the diabetic state.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.36-45
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• 1994

아버스큘 균근균인, Gigaspora margarita Scutellospora heterogama, S. verrucosa의 포자를 발아시켜서 균사의 생장, 보조세포 발달 그리고 절단된 균사의 회복과정을 조사하였다. 발아된 균사는 배지의 표면과 내부 및 바닥에서 생장하였으며, 배지표면에서는 19-23일째, 배지바닥에서는 40-51일째에 생장을 멈추었다. 보조세포는 포자 발아 후 7-9일째에 2차 균사에서 새로 나온 균사 위에 형성되기 시작하였으며 배지의 표면이나 바닥, 그리고 배지속에서도 발달하였다. G. margarita와 S. heterogama의 원형질 유동속도는 각각 $2.7-3.3\;{\mu}m/s$와 $3.8-4.3\;{\mu}m/s$이었다. 균사가 절단되면 포자쪽 균사의 끝 부분에서 새로운 균사가 뻗어나와 끊어진 부분을 다시 연결하여 계속 생장하였다. 이러한 절단된 균사의 회복 과정은 균근균이 기주식물과 오랜 공생관계를 맺으면서 영양적으로는 절대적으로 식물에 의존함을 나타내는 것이라고 생각한다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2004

The osseointegration in implant therapy is achieved following general wound healing mechanism. Platelet play a major role in wound healing process. In addition to blood clot formation, they secrete many growth factors which regulate the attachment, proliferation and differentiation of nearly all cell types. The use of these growth factors is now known to be very effective methods to improve the cellular activity. Platelet-rich plasma which is made with the newly developed technique concentrating platelets 3-folds or more is also proven to be very effective method to stimulate and accelerate the healing of bone and soft tissue. Previous study proved that platelet-rich plasma enhanced the cellular attachment by inducing fibronectin, vitronectin from osteoblast. So, this study was aimed to investigate the effect of platelet-rich plasma on the cellular proliferation and differentiation in vitro. The effect on the proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. To evaluate autocrine and paracrine effect, conditioned medium was made and compared. By measuring alkaline phosphatase activity, the effect on the cellular differentiation was evaluated. The results were as following: The cellular proliferation of osteoblast cell line increased depending on the concentration of platelet-rich plasma and conditioned medium. The alkaline phosphatase activity increased depending on the concentration of platelet-rich plasma and conditioned medium. These findings imply that platelet-rich plasma enhance the cellular proliferation and differentiation and maximize the cellular activity by using the autocrine and paracrine effect.