• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2014

Furniture can be a product of design and is considered a form of a decorative art. Architectural works are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art. Korean traditional architectural form and wooden furniture were improved by adding up an organic coordination in the interior space. Furniture adds beauty of life by being coordinated with the interior space with its particular characteristic in the form of architectural structure. Architecture and furniture are also being improved in a more natural and diverse way. Therefore, in this research, from the choice of the location, Korean traditional architecture is considered to be coordinated with the nature, and the technical skill is lessened to express its beauty. There is a presence of elegance yet robust combination of simplicity and beauty. In addition, the traditional architecture and wooden furniture are completely expressed structurally with coordination of the outstanding design and solid structure according to the thrifty living in the Confucian ideas which influenced the Korean traditional society. The representative of Korean traditional architecture, Baeheulrim pillar, has worked as motive because of its visual comfort caused by optical illusion and formative elements. The small portable dining table (Soban) which reflects the characteristic of Korean unique tradition and the sensitivity of Koreans has been reinterpreted through the motive in this research. As a result, it has shown the possibility as the design element to change the aesthetic structure. In the modern society, cultural identity plays a vital role. Therefore, this research can be used as reference for the new concept of furniture - making. It could be a combination of modern people, lifestyle and living space by creating the Korean image suitable for the modern society.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.671-681
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• 2017

This study investigates the structural performance of 3D steel pipe rack suspended scaffolding systems. For the purpose, a standard full scale 3D steel pipe rack suspended scaffolding system considering two frames, two plane trusses, purlins and wooden floor is constructed in the laboratory. A developed load transmission system was placed in these experimental systems to distribute single loads to the center of a specific area in a step-by-step manner using a load jack. After each load increment, the displacements are measured by means of linear variable differential transducers placed in several critical points of the system. The tests are repeated for five different system conditions to determine the structural performance. The means of system conditions is the numbers of the tie bars which are used to connect plane trusses under level. Finite elements models of the 3D steel pipe rack suspended scaffolding systems considering different systems conditions are constituted using SAP2000 software to support the experimental tests and to use the models in future studies. Each of models including load transmission platform is analyzed under a single loading and the displacements are obtained. In addition, to calibrate the numerical models some uncertain parameters such as elasticity modulus of wooden floor and connection rigidity of purlins to plane trusses are assessed experimentally. The results of this work demonstrate that when increasing numbers of tie bars the displacement values are decreased. Also the results obtained from developed numerical models have harmony with those of experimental. In addition, the scaffolding system with two tie bars at the beginning and at the end of the plane truss has the optimum structural performance compared the results obtained for other scaffolding system conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.244-250
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• 2014

This study was conducted to identify wood species of 72 wooden parts (pillar, beam, jangyeo, purlin, judu, soro, bracket, deagong, ceiling panel, etc.) used for Daewungjeon Hall in the Woonsoosa Temple, Busan in Korea. Identified wood species were 67 Pinus spp. (Kesiya group), 4 Carpinus spp. and 1 Quercus spp. (Cerris group). In pillars, 14 red pines and 4 Carpinus and in purlins, 4 red pines and 1 Cerris were found. Other elements were red pines. Carpinus woods, which were used for the lower portions of three pillars (Dongbari), seemed repaired parts. A carved wood used for the stand of Buddhist statues was identified as Alnus spp. This study showed that Daewungjeon Hall of the Woonsoosa Temple was made mostly of red pines.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.109-117
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• 2019

Since 'Hanok Expanse Support' has been started in Seoul, its target was expanded from renovation to new construction and from 'Hanok District' to all area in Seoul. The newly built hanok with Hanok Expanse Support had to follow the standards about the form of the hanok and adapt to modern lifestyle. However, the newly built hanok were planned with 'kan' since it retained the traditional wooden structure. So their composition of kan were considered to be influenced by the standards of each district and modern lifestyle. Therefore the aim of this study is to understand the architectural characteristics of newly built hanok in Seoul since 2000 focusing on the kan composition. Because of the differences in site conditions and the district unit plan, newly built hanok in Hanok District have more limited changes than Other District. However, kan is composed variously in horizontal and vertical ways to make the most space according to site conditions and most of the newly built hanok have opened courtyard rather than closed courtyard layout. With kan composition in various directions and kan added under the eaves, kan is highlighted in form. On the other hand, the composition of kan as an interior spatial element has changed and weakened because the lifestyle has changed compared to the traditional hanok and the 20th century urban hanok. Also the regular kan composition of Mom-chae and Nalgae-chae has changed. And kan is divided regardless to the wooden structure. Also, with the added kan under the eaves the main kan is dismantled inside. This paper indicates that although there is an undeniable premise that the case is restricted to hanok received Hanok Expanse Support on the condition of following the standards of the form of hanok, it is a part of the transitional changes that hanok is experiencing.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.15-25
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• 2016

The color that painted on the ground of Dancheong becomes Gachil(basecoat)-Dancheong and underpainting of Moro-Dancheong or Geum-Dancheong. So, the color of underpainting is the most important element that determines impression of the building. Thus, the architecture after using "Sangrokhadan" has different characters from what it had been. In the existing perception toward the background color of Dancheong, it was considered the characters of Korean Dancheong so-called "Sangrokhadan" that paint vertical elements like columns red and upper part of the columns green. But this study examined the color of Dancheong according to the era and region before and after Goryeo Dynasty era, then it reveals that Sangrokhadan technique was applied from the 14th century in the late Goryeo Dynasty. One of the Goryeo architecture, Geungnakjeon Hall of Bongjeongsa Temple is thought to be a previous style that is not applied "Sangrokhadan" technique because old elements are painted red pigment.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.71-81
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• 2008

A traditional Korean housing is a typical type which is contained life style, spatial organization and scape element of people who lived in Korea. In the hanok, people want to be live not only in human environment and traditional culture, but also modem urban housing as a high density. This article deals as follows: First, Hanok as urban housing would be composed in a housing lot, linear type layout, devide building, and cluster type. Second, Housing unit and configuration of Multi family housing can be used single story, second story, second story + single story, multi story and Hanok roofing. Thirds, structure of the building are traditional wooden, combined one of steel and wood or concrete and wood, and the building system in exterior and interior can be seperated into another system. Forth, Image of multi story Hanok A last, consistency of Hanok is not a repeat of an origin but application and creative aptitude of the origin, and multi family housing application of Hanok can be a trial creative.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze the diversity of architectural characteristics of traditional Hanok using Pyonjakbub(變作法). The roof is essential element of Hanok and the proportion of the roof accounts for about a half of the Hanok elevation. The shape of a roof of Hanok has made by the structural method like Pyonjakbub. For this study, the investigation report of 'Korean traditional houses' and 'Cultural assets of wooden traditional house' published by Cultural Heritage Administration were used as it's references. The results of this study are as follows; Pyonjakbub is appeared differently according to the region and the house dates and it has strongly influenced the architectural characteristics of traditional Hanok-the width of a room, the cross section of inner space of a roof and the length of eaves, etc. In other words, the architectural characteristics of Hanok will be changed by using different Pyonjakbub. Using the proper Pyonjakbub, we will provide more satisfaction to the client who wishes to live in Hanok.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.248-252
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• 2010

This study is carried out to introduce the concept of Kagome structure as the new trial for the furniture design and the feasibility of its utilization in furniture industry. Kagome means originally the two dimensional bamboo-basket woven pattern that is composed of interlaced triangles whose lattice points each have four neighboring points, which was used in traditional bamboo craft design like 'Jukbuin(bamboo-wife)'. Its unique truss structure has been widely used by many kinds of the domain of science and engineering in mechanical and architectural industry with some merits, i,e, material utilization efficiency and robust strength. Here we tried to introduce two dimensional and three dimensional form of Kagome which are supposed to be a furniture design elements. Authors think these Kagome design could be realized with domestic lumber of inferior properties. Both of them would be used as a decorative element or mechanical supporter in furniture design.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.46-57
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• 2007

The leachability of boron in zinc borate (ZB)-modified oriented strandboard (OSB) from southern wood species was investigated in this study. The leaching experiments were conducted by exposing edge-sealed OSB samples under running water at $31^{\circ}C$ for 8, 24, 72, and 216 h. The results from leached samples were compared with those from the unleached controls. Boron leaching of the modified OSB occurred upon the initial water exposure, and the leaching rate decreased as the leaching time increased. Initial boric acid equivalent (BAE) level, wood species, and sample thickness swelling significantly influenced the leachability. There was no consistent effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on zinc borate leaching. The glue-line washing within OSB due to thickness swelling of the test samples under water and decomposition of the borate to form water-soluble boric acid were thought to be two possible causes for the observed leaching. The relationship between assayed BAE and leaching time followed a decaying exponential function for zinc borate treated OSB. From the boron/zinc ratio after each leaching period, boron element in ZB was more or less leachable. The material constant of the regression models allowed comparing the leachability of the modified OSB for various wood species. An unified leaching method for treated wood composite materials is needed.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.3-12
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• 2013

Recently, New Han-ok is in prevail because it has many good qualities as a dwelling. But the New Han-ok dwellers' needs and satisfaction ratio on their houses are not investigated yet. So, surveys on satisfaction ratio for New Han-ok were carried out to know New Han-ok's existing conditions and inhabitant's responses on New Han-ok dwellings. Followings are results. 1) Dwellers response that it is cool in summer and it is cold in winter. So, design and construction method against cold is needed for New Han-ok. 2) Window is the most picking element of New Han-ok for house improvement. 3) Window opening is main control method for cooling in summer. Warming sources in winter are various such as electricity, gas, oil, wood, etc. 4) PVC window structure and glasses were used for New Han-ok's window system as well as wooden window structure and Han-gi. 5) Interviewees are generally satisfied with New Han-ok's exterior view and inner spaces. Almost no humidifier is used. These results could be used for improvement of Han-ok and basic material for New Han-ok design.