• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.1522-1534
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• 2008

The subjects of ttis study were middle-aged women in their 40s$\sim$50s and older women aged 60 and over who were living in Seoul and Kyonggi-do, Korea. Through studying the participants' responses to the questions regarding the attributes of image preference in terms of the levels of satisfaction and importance, the target consumers' demand has been studied. And, they are applied to a QFD Matrix, to find out the relationship between the attributes of product quality and the guidelines of clothing design. For this study, clothing image preference is categorized as three types: fashionable and urbane image, elegant and formal image, comfortable and active image. It has also been found that middle-aged and older women think the clothing that projects fashionable and urbane image needs more improvement that those for other images. To review demands for the clothing image preference attribute of formal suits for middle-aged and older women, the priority of these attributes through QFD Matrix that shows the relationship between the attributes and dress elements emphasized by designers has been examined. In reflecting clothing image preference by consumers for their formal two-piece suits, the most important design elements related to material in order of importance were material type, style, thickness and texture, and those related to color were the number of colors used and coloring type.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5823-5828
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• 2012

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancer affecting women worldwide. Although a great deal of progress has been made in the health sciences, early diagnosis, and increasing community awareness, breast cancer remains a life-threatening illness. In order to reduce this threat, breast cancer screening needs to be implemented in all communities where possible. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine health beliefs, attitudes and behaviors about breast cancer and breast self-examination of Turkish women. Methods: Data were collected from a sample of 656 women, using an adapted Turkish version of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS), between January and May 2011, in Ordu province of Turkey. Results: The results showed that 67.7% of women had knowledge about and 55.8% performed BSE, however 60.6% of those who indicated they practiced BSE reported they did so at irregular intervals. CHBMS subscales scores of women according to women's age, education level, occupation, family income and education level of the women's mothers, family history of breast cancer, friend and an acquaintance with breast cancer, knowledge about breast cancer, BSE and mammography were significantly different. Conclusion: Knowledge of women about the risks and benefits of early detection of breast cancer positively affect their health beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. Health care professionals can develop effective breast health programs and can help women to gain good health behavior and to maintain health.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.623-634
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• 1994

Although the average menopausal age has not changed, women's life span has increased. Today's women live longer after their menopause than those in the past, and this calls for attention in both nursing and medical fields. Many studies have revealed how women reacted to menopause and suffered from it. But they did not discriminate the menopausal meaning and effects from the climacteric phenomena. So, this author tried to clarify what menopause itself meant to the climacteric women, by means of grounded theory methodology. The interviewees were 21 women, whose ages were between 46 and 60 years. They were selected by theoretical sampling technique, and the author tried to include all levels of important variables such as age, educational background, religion and job. Data were collected by the author through in -depth interviews and observations in July, 1994. The interviews were mostly done in the homes of the subjects, or in some cases at the author's office or in a hospital. Interviews took from 30 minutes to 2 hours. Interviews were tape recorded and transcribed later by a research assistant. Data were analyzed as gathered, by the constant comparative method proposed by Strauss and Corbin. Eleven concepts were discovered from the data, and they were grouped under six higher order categories. These six categories were "to give menopause a meaning", "to experience value change", "to have self-help strategies", "to have no strategies", "to live a life worth living", "to have a sense of powerlessness" Among these "to experionce value change" was . selected as the core category. Five major categories were systematically integrated around the core category. Women's adaptation to menopause was defined as proceeding as follows : Most women felt relief and sorrow at the same time when they faced menopause, and some only sorrow or agony. Then, they consulted with others about menopausal symptoms, or tried to think of them by themselves. Finally, they gave menopause a meaning, which was that menopause and its symptoms were natural phenomena. But menopause made women reflect on them-selves and their past lives. As they reflected on themselves, their value on life began to change. As their value changed, some women seeked self help strategies. Those self help strategies were what they had learned from collegues, professionals or mass media. The quality of their lives depended on whether they practiced self help strategies or not. Three types of lives were found. Twelve women enjoyed a life worth living, and practiced the self help strategies, because they accepted menopause a chance to change. They were characterized by a high educational level, having a professional job and a sincere faith in God. Seven women were living as usual, because they did not have the necessity to change. They were high school graduates and house wives. Two women recognized menopause a chance to change, but they did not try self help strategies. Their characteristic was low educational level. Those who did not try self help strategies complained of powerlessness to varying degrees. The educational background, full-time jobs and faith helped women adapt to menopause positively. But social support was not helpful to women's adaptation to menepause. Three hypotheses were derived from the analysis. (1) The higher the educational level, the more theneed to change. (2) Women with higher educational background will practice self help strategies more than those with lower edcational background. (3) The more women practice self help strategies, the worthier lives they will live. Suggestions for further studies are as follows. (1) Studies to test hypotheses are needed. (2) A study to find the relationship between the degree of practicing self help strategies and locus of control. (3) Spiritual approaches would better be applied to help menopausal women. (4) Education through mass media should be given mere frequently.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.400-409
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was to identify the correlations among climacteric symptoms, knowledge of menopause and health promoting behavior in middle-aged women. Method: 1.360 women between 40-60 years of age living in Incheon, were asked to complete a questionnaire on their health. The data was collected between October 10th and October 30th, 2002. The data was analyzed using T-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficients with SPSS/pc program. Result: The variables significantly affecting climacteric symptoms, knowledge of menopause and health promoting behavior were education, perceived health status and family health - problems. The relationship between knowledge of menopause and health promoting behavior was statistically significant with a positive correlation. Conclusion: The knowledge of menopause by middle aged women was in positively correlated with health promoting behavior. Therefore, based on this study, we plan to develop a health education program to promote knowledge of menopause and health promoting behavior.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.61-74
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• 2002

This experiment was to find out the complacency of wearing dentures and the linkage to the quality of life style of oldsters 60 years old and over. 122 numbers of oldsters who came to aid to the health center were put to survey. This was taken place within the areas of Deajun, Koonsan, Mooju and Jinahn, thus procured the following result. 1. The length of edentulous period of 1-6years of oldsters aged around 60s showed 26.0%. The oldsters with edentulous period of over 7years aged in the 70s showed 26.1 % and 56.0% on oldsters aged in the 80s. This shows that as the age increases the edentulous period lengthens. (P<0.05) The length of time of using the denture shows. llyears or over on women 41.9%, less than 6years on men 71.4% as the highest rate. 11 years or over on towns/subcounty show 57.5%, small and medium cities more than 1 year 63.6%, less than six years also 63.6% and Kwangyuk city 47.6%. 2. The complacency on medical treatment of dentures was highest in Kwangyuk city of 61.3%, compared to towns/subcounty of 50.8% and small and medium cities of 33.3%. (P<0.05) 3. The complacency on mastication and pronunciation appears, 2.74% in Kwangyuk city, 3.10% in towns/ subcounty which is higher than the small and medium cities showing 1.09% on average. Satisfaction rate tends to be higher as the length of time of using the denture is longer. 4. Inconvenience on eating habits caused by dentures were felt by women. Wanting to get a new denture was 25.6% by women showing much higher rate than that of men which is 2.8% by men. (P<0.05) 5. The complacency of change in their life style after wearing the dentures were higher in Kwangyuk city of 64.5% whereas it showed 27.0% in towns! subcounty and 16.7%in small and medium cities. (P<0.05)

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.60-71
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was to present education and holistic care of Elizabeth J. Shepping (1880~1934), a nursing missionary and a founder of the Chosun Nursing Association who visited Korea during the Japanese colonial period. Methods: Primary and secondary sources were collected and analyzed. Results: This study provides important implications regarding Shepping's holistic nursing as follows: First, she came to Korea after studying nursing and bibliology and being trained for nursing missionary works. Second, she cared for many Koreans, especially Korean women, to protect them from poverty, oppression, ignorance, and illnesses. Third, she continued to spread holistic care in hospitals and other local communities. She trained nurses, developed nursing education, and produced a large number of domestic nursing leaders by establishing women's Bible school. Fourth, she founded the Chosun Nursing Association, serving as its first president for 10 years and applied to join the International Council of Nurses (ICN). Conclusion: Finally, suggestions were provided for future research, and it will be necessary to study thoroughly nursing achievements by nurses from other countries who practiced their nursing activities in Korea, and such studies are expected to lead to analysis of nursing missionaries' experiences.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.11-17
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• 2006

Purpose: This study aims to suggest clinical basis of physical therapy to skeletal system complication in type II diabetic patients through a variety of analysis methods. Methods: 75 subjects(type II diabetic patients; age from 40 to 80) of this study were participated in BMD(Bone Mineral Density) and Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, blood test to their skeletal system. Results: Incidence of osteopenea was higher than normal group as women(91.2%) and men(53.5%) in diabetes group. However, women were showed no significantly difference in comparison group. Above age 60(in diabetes group; men and women) showed to highly incidence of osteopenea as well as significantly difference in osteopenea(peripheral neuropathy). As a result of analyzing blood through presence and absence of osteopenea in diabetes group, men were showed significantly difference in DPD/creatinine ratio and women were showed significantly difference in Alkaline phosphatase, Corrected Calcium. Conclusion: This study shows that decreased BMD and increased osteopenea through type II diabetes. Women were particularly lower BMD and higher incidence of osteopenea than men and men influence of type II diabetes on change of BMD was greater than women.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.128-138
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• 2010

This study�s purpose is to contrive the national brand image, developing sportswear design and related-culture by using tiger which represents Korea used to design sportswear�s logo and design. For the method of study, illustrator CS3 was used to design three vests and three sports shirts for both men and women by characterizing tiger image from Korean folk painting tiger. Tiger appears commonly in paintings, folk tales and literature of Korea since ancient times. It was even used as a mascot of Seoul Olympic on 1988. Many global sports companies choose an animal that represents their brand to advertise such as Lacoste, le coq sportif and musingwear, wolsey. This study could provide example design adapting korean traditional patterns, also expects for culture advertising Korean traditional culture and developing designs of Korean fashion companies.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.834-849
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the trends of cataract surgery and the recognition of cataract. Methods: ; It enrolled a total of 150 respondents, comprising 72 men and 78 women, who reside in Busan Metropolitan City, Ulsan Metropolitan City and Kyeong-nam Province. By the age groups, they include 44 people in their 20s, 24 in their 30s, 24 in their 40s, 26 in their 50s and 32 aged 60 years or older. In addition, the current study was conducted by dividing the respondents into two groups: people with cataract or not. Moreover, it was also conducted mainly for younger people. Results: 1. As for age of cataract operation, this study say that 1 patient was in their 20s, 3 patients in their 30s, 3 patients in their 40s, 6 patients in their 50s, and 7 patients in their over 60s. 2. In the question about whether they know about cataract, 100 respondents answered 'I know', 50 answered 'I do not know', 67% answered 'I know', 33% answered 'I do not know'. 3. As for pathways to know about cataract, of the total 120 respondents, 49 (41%) were in the media, 20 (17%) were Internet users, 26 (22%) were acquaintances, and 10 (7%) were specialty books, and 15 (13%) were 'others'. 4. As for cataract causes, 20 respondents (13%) answered 'exposure to sunlight', 12 (8%) answered 'electronic devices', 7 answered 'hereditary' 89 (60%) answered, and 22 (14%) answered 'eye disease'. 5. Twenty (13%) answered 'extremely yes', 40 (27%) answered 'yes', and 31 (21%) answered 'normal' when asked whether the use of smartphone was affected by cataracts. 48 (32%) answered 'little', and 11 (7%) answered 'not at all'. Our results showed that many people aged 50 years or older developed cataract and received surgery. It was also shown, however, that people in their 20s to 40s also developed cataract and received surgery. Conclusions: Our eyes are exposed to many places. Many people are unaware of cataracts, despite the fact that cataracts are gradually getting younger, due to the development of electronic devices and the use of electrical appliances. We should have interest in many information and contents about cataracts, knowing the importance to eyes, and gradually reducing the use of many electronic devices in young people.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.327-341
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• 2000

Objectives : This study is to evaluate the status of health promotion behaviors and life styles in rural areas. Methods : A self-administered questionnaire survey was carried out for 1,350(men 461 persons, women ; 889 persons) people in rural areas ages of 30 years and older in Buk-myun, Uljn-Gun and Kikye-myun, Pohang-City, Kyungsangbuk-Do from March 13 to 25 in 1999. We established health promoting scores by using data results. Collected data was analyzed through the chi-square trend test, Student's t-test, ANOVA and multiple comparison. The data was analyzed using a SPSS/win statistical package. Results The age-adjusted prevalence of individual health promoting behavior by sex was 39.4% in men and 94.0% in women in regard to non smoking 39.4% and 92.5% in non-drinking 17.2% and 13.1% in physical exercise on a regular basis 79.8% and 80.0% in a regular diet 81.6% and 75.6% in maintaining desirable body mass index 81.2% and 78.2% in sufficient physical rest 84.2% and 82.1% in sufficient mental rest 48.4% and 40.6% in supplemental intake for health. The age-adjusted proportion for a screening examination in stomach cancer by sex was 39.9% in men and 37.1% in women 31.8% and 28.0% in liver cancer 17.0% and 12.7% in colon cancer 37.0% and 31.0% in undergoing a medical health screening. The health promoting scores were statistically significant, higher in the younger aged women's group(p<0.01). In spite of very low health promoting scores, some men thought of themselves healthy. Conclusions : The health promoting scores showed a gradual improvement as ages in men increase. Although men in ages of 30 to 40 were found to have lower scores in their health promoting scores, they were still to believe that none of health status is problematic. However, it was shown a vice-versa effect in women. They thought of their health as in a bad condition, but in measurement scores outranked their personal beliefs. In general, as ages increase one tends to consider of his or her health status poor. Therefore the plans for health improvement are needed to be come up.