• Journal of Gynecologic Oncology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.89.1-89.8
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• 2018

Objective: Highly effective chemotherapy for patients with low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is associated with almost a 100% cure rate. However, 20%-30% of patients treated with chemotherapy need to change their regimens due to severe adverse events (SAEs) or drug resistance. We examined the treatment outcomes of second-line chemotherapy for patients with low-risk GTN. Methods: Between 1980 and 2015, 281 patients with low-risk GTN were treated. Of these 281 patients, 178 patients were primarily treated with 5-day intramuscular methotrexate (MTX; n=114) or 5-day drip infusion etoposide (ETP; n=64). We examined the remission rates, the drug change rates, and the outcomes of second-line chemotherapy. Results: The primary remission rates and drug resistant rates of 5-day ETP were significantly higher (p<0.001) and significantly lower (p=0.002) than those of 5-day MTX, respectively. Forty-seven patients (26.4%) required a change in their chemotherapy regimen due to the SAEs (n=16) and drug resistance (n=31), respectively. Of these 47 patients failed the first-line regimen, 39 patients (39/47, 82.9%) were re-treated with single-agent chemotherapy, and 35 patients (35/39, 89.7%) achieved remission. Four patients failed second-line, single-agent chemotherapy and eight patients (17.0%) who failed first-line regimens were treated with combined or multi-agent chemotherapy and achieved remission. Conclusions: Patients with low-risk GTN were usually treated with single-agent chemotherapy, while 20%-30% patients had to change their chemotherapy regimen due to SAEs or drug resistance. The second-line regimens of single-agent chemotherapy were effective; however, there were several patients who needed multiple agents and combined chemotherapy to achieve remission.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.413-418
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was for the adult woman that provides the investigation, analysis, consideration of the relationship with clothing behavior and self-efficacy depends on their skin care grade. Data were collected from 477 adult females and analyzed by using frequency, dispersion analysis, ANOVA, t-test, Duncan test utilizing SPSS 10.0 program. The results were as follows: The younger and the more educated respondents were the better their skin care. Also, the more they spent on clothes, the more they spent on cosmetic products. For occupations, professionals were to have better skin care. It was expose that 20s and 30s are shown difference for all low rank leading persons except conformity in the midst of it is clothing behavior main point by skin care management degree, 40s appeared that difference is seen in interest, psychological dependence, aesthetics, management. It was expose that difference does not exist in liver that is clothing behavior main point by skin care administration degree in 50s. 20s appeared difference in general self-efficacy divination in self-efficacy, and 30s appeared that skin care degree is high as general self-efficacy and physical self-efficacy are high. It was expose that 40s and 50s are no difference of self-efficacy in between group by skin care degree.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.1075-1094
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• 2013

This study analyzed the lower body type of women aged 20 to 30 to understand their respective characteristics. The research method was restricted to the use of direct measurements data and 3D measurements data of the Sixth Size Korea. Factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan's test, discriminant analysis, t-test, and ${\chi}^2$-test were performed for the statistical analysis of the data using SPSS Win 20.0 program. The results of this study are as follows. Lower body type based on 3D measurements were classified into 3 types (obese lower body, long lower body, and small lower body). Lower body type based on direct measurements were classified into 3 types (obese lower body, thick and long lower body, and small lower body). Lower body type based on the direct measurement of sitting pose were classified into 3 types (obese lower body, long and thin lower body, and short lower body). The age differences in the lower body types could be analyzed by an evaluation of the 3D simulation of the lower body.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.453-463
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of the implicit narcissism of unmarried men and women in their 20s and 30s on the tolerance of violence in dating and the mediating effect of irrational relationship beliefs. To this end, major variables were measured through survey and statistical analysis was conducted on 215 unmarried men and women in their 20s and 30s who had experience in dating violence. Hierarchical regression was used to analyse the mediated effects of irrational relational beliefs in the relationship between intrinsic self-love propensity and dating violence tolerance, and hypothesis testing showed that introspective self-love affects the tolerance of dating violence. It was also found that irrational relationships were completely intertwined between implicit narcissism and dating violence tolerance. The results of these studies indicate that irrational interrelationships only affect the tolerance of dating violence. The results of this study are suggestive in that it can contribute to the development of counseling and education programs that can prevent dating violence by proving the mediating effect of irrational relationship beliefs about violence tolerance.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated Korean healthcare providers' attitudes toward sexual and gender minority (SGM) persons and their knowledge and behavior concerning the collection of data on sexual orientation and gender identity (SO/GI). Methods: In this cross-sectional, descriptive study, 137 Korean healthcare providers were recruited through convenience sampling from internet communities for medical professionals. A structured questionnaire was created using Google Surveys. The Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman correlation analysis were performed. Results: The sample was mostly women (80.3%) and nurses (83.9%), who had overall negative attitudes toward SGM persons and low levels of knowledge and behavior with regard to the collection of patients' SO/GI data. Participants in their 20s, who were religious, and had clinical experiences in treating or providing nursing care for SGM persons had higher levels of knowledge about the collection of SO/GI data. The level of engagement in collecting SO/GI data was higher among women and in their 20s and 30s, unreligious participants, nurses, and those with less than 10 years of clinical experience. Positive attitudes toward SGM persons were associated with higher levels of knowledge, but lower levels of behavior, regarding the collection of SO/GI data. Conclusion: It is important to recognize the diversity of patients' SO/GI and to collect the corresponding information. To this end, it is necessary to develop and use a standardized SO/GI form. Healthcare providers should also receive education and training related to the health of SGM persons to resolve health problems that disproportionately affect SGM persons and related health disparities.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1235-1246
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• 2011

The purpose of this study lies in identifying the psychological state of working women engaged in sales and services and seeing how it is correlated to their nail management behavior. Also, the study aims to look into the relationship that exists between these two factors and provide information to help women live and work better with higher self-satisfaction. As for the research process, 210 women aged 20 to 30 engaging in sales and services of clothing, financing, and cosmetics sales were asked to fill out questionnaires. Survey results indicate that women who received college education and beyond as well as those working in the cosmetics sales area were exceptional in their psychological wellbeing. In addition, women with higher income, especially those who work in the cosmetics sales field and are not yet married participated in nail management behavior with the most enthusiasm. Therefore as for the relationship between psychological wellbeing and nail management behavior, it can be said that the better one's psychological wellbeing is, the more one is likely to strive for uniqueness in managing nails.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.342-350
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• 2001

This study was designed to investigate the knowledge of urinary incontinence and its affecting factors among women aged over 30 years in Korea, and to provide the basic data for the primary urinary incontinence management program through the community-based cross sectional study from May 7 to July 18, 2000. The subjects, who were able to understand the questionnaires and consented their participation in the study, consisted of 2183 women, aged over 30 up to 89 years, residing in Seoul, Kyongki$\cdot$Kangwon, Chungchong, YongNam, HoNam, Cheju provinces. It took about 20 to 30 minutes to fill up the questionnaires. The data were analyzed by multiple regression with using SAS program. The results were as follows ; 1. The overall reported knowledge of urinary incontinence was $5.21\pm3.05$(range 0-14). Over the half of the subjects gave the correct answer to 5 items which referred to effects, treatment and management of urinary incontinence. Among items associated with the cause, two items, such as 'many common over-the-counter medications can cause involuntary urine loss', and 'involuntary urine loss is caused by only one or two conditions', were less likely to be correctly answered. 2. Those who were younger, had more education, or had urinary incontinence, were more likely to provide correct answers. The above findings indicated that the education program and campaign of the urinary incontinence should be developed and operated for those who are elderly and have had less education.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.195-207
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• 2012

In South Korea, the growth of online shopping malls that are overtaking traditional offline distributors in sales requires the latter to concentrate on developing a variety of contents amidst the ever-changing and competitive market environment. First of all, attention should be paid to information on fashion item materials. This study examined the current status of online shopping malls with a focus on their three different types-specialized malls, general malls, and open markets-and investigated consumers' hedonic shopping motives and influence on fashion materials in terms of purchasing behavior. In doing so, this study surveyed men and women in their 20s-30s residing in Seoul or its surrounding cities and used a total of 255 questionnaires for statistical analysis. The statistical software program SPSS 15.0 was used to conduct frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The study results showed that in general and specialized shopping malls, consumers granted greater reliability and importance to fashion materials when their interest in shopping or attention to fashion items/brands was high and when they wanted rare items. In open markets, the more interest consumers had in shopping and the more sensitive they were to fashion information, the more dependent they were on prices; in other words, prices were found to have a greater influence on their purchase decisions than the quality of fashion materials. The findings of this study would be useful to marketers and distributors who are trying to develop their marketing strategies based on fashion material information, according to the different types of online shopping malls.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.215-221
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• 2017

Objective: This questionnaire study aimed to estimate the overall frequencies of positive perception towards orthodontic treatment among adults categorized according to age, sex, and area of living, and to identify barriers or negative perceptions preventing them from receiving orthodontic treatment. Methods: The participants included 598 adults aged over 20 years (230 men and 368 women) who visited the Dental Hospital of Seoul St. Mary's Hospital. The participants' opinions regarding their consideration of receiving orthodontic treatment were recorded using a specially designed questionnaire. Results: The overall rate of positive perception towards orthodontic treatment was 48.5%. Compared to adults in their 20s (63.2%), those in their 40s and 50s had a lower percentage of interest in orthodontic treatment (46.2% and 45.1%, respectively; p < 0.05). Overall, women (52.2%) had a higher rate of interest than did men (42.6%; p < 0.05). The area of living had no effect on the percentage of interest. The order of priority of chief complaints differed according to age: protrusion for those in the 20s and 30s, and spacing for those in the 40s to 60s. Overall, the main reason for not seeking treatment was the treatment fee. Respondents aged over 40 considered themselves "too old" for orthodontic treatment. Conclusions: The middle-aged had a relatively high percentage of interest (above 45%) in orthodontic treatment. However, demographic characteristics were not significantly associated with the positive interest. These results highlight the need for educating the middle-aged about the limitations and possibilities of orthodontic treatment to increase its acceptance.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.535-546
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• 2013

This study was carried out to analyze the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and general characteristics, psychological factors, eating habits, dietary behaviors, and health related quality of life using survey of 335 women aged 20 to 29 years in the Seoul and Kyungin areas. The 335 study subjects were divided into 4 groups by BMI ($kg/m^2$) levels; normal group($18.5{\leq}BMI{\leq}22.9$), overweight group($23.0{\leq}BMI{\leq}24.9$), mild obesity group($25.0{\leq}BMI{\leq}29.9$), and heavy obesity group ($BMI{\geq}30$) by Asian-Pacific obesity index criteria. The family income of the heavy obesity group was significantly (p<0.05) less than that of the normal weight group. Psychological factors, such as stress and depression of the normal weight group tended to be higher than those of overweight and obesity groups. The higher BMI level had the lower self-efficacy(p<0.05) among all subjects. As the BMI level increased, the preference for sweet, salty, and hot taste was significantly high. We found that normal weight women had healthier eating habits and dietary behaviors and a higher level of health-related quality of life than did those who were overweight, mildly obese, and heavily obese women. Overweight and mildly and heavily obese women were strongly associated with decreased physical and mental health related quality of life. Therefore, weight loss is desirable, and is likely to be beneficial for health-related quality of life in obese adult women. In conclusion, this study contains evidence to suggest that obesity management programs including different strategies according to obesity are required to determine the types of programs that are suitable for adult women, prior to their initiation of a program. The findings are helpful to inform researchers and practitioners who are seeking to implement appropriate strategies to create positive changes in the health behaviors of obese adult women.