• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.680-695
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for developing nursing intervention for middle-aged women. This study identified health status, family functionality and spousal relationship and analyzed relationship between individual characteristics and family functionality/ spousal relationship. The subjects, of this study were 1.723 women from 45 to 55 years of age, who lived in J city. Data were analyzed using percentages, means, t-tests, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficients with the SPSS statistical program. The results of the study were as follow: 1. The rate of women who perceived themselves to be healthy was 36.6%, those who did not was 30.8%. The most frequent health problem was a disease of the skeletal system (13.2%). 2. The mean score of family functionality was $3.25{\pm}.60$, with cohesion score of $3.58{\pm}.66$ and adaptability score of $2.99{\pm}.63$. 3. The mean score of total spousal relationship was $3.22{\pm}.42$; the relationship with in-laws was 3.78; sexual relationship, 3.74; life style, 3.44; and recreational activity. 3.39. 4. The women who experienced menopause perceived themselves to be unhealthier than those who did not. 5. Healthy women had a high score at total spousal relationship. personality of spouse. life style, recreational activity, and children's influence. 6. The women from 40 to 50 years of age. and women who graduated from middle or high school and had medium economic status showed a high score in family functionality. There was no correlation between family functionality and experience of the menopause. 7. Lower aged women were not good in personality of spouse (p<.05), sexual relationship (p<.05), and relationship with relatives (p<.05), Inexperienced women's menopause was influenced by their children (p<.05), Women who graduated from middle or high school (p<.001) and had medium economic status (p<.05) showed a high score in spousal relationship. 8. The higher the family functionality score. the higher spousal relationship. score (p<.001): love and communication (p<.001), personality of husband (p<.05), and religion (p<.001). relationship with relatives (p<.05), but the lower the score of recreational activity (p<.05), and share of role (p<.001) in the spousal relationship. 9. In the family functionality, the higher the cohesion score. the higher was the adaptability score (p<.001). l) The higher the cohesion score, the higher were love and communication, personality of husband. life style. sexual relationship. and children's influence, but the lower were share of role in spousal relationship(p<.001). 2) The higher the adaptability score, the higher were love and communication, religion, but the lower were the personality of husband, life style. sexual relationship, recreational activity, relationship with relatives, share of role(p<.001), and children's influence in spousal relationship (p<.05). 10. Variables within the spousal relationship have relationships with other variables. 1) The higher the love and communication score. the higher personality of husband religion, life style, communication. relationship with relatives, and children s influence (p<.001). 2) The higher personality of husband life style sexual relationship. recreational activity, relationship with relatives, share of role, and children's influence (p<.001). 3) The higher the religion score, the lower the recreational activity score (p<.05). 4) The higher the life style, the higher were the sexual relationship, recreational activity. relationship with relatives. share of role, and children's influence (p<.001). 5) The higher the sexual relationship score. the higher were recreational activity. relationship with relatives, share of role. and children's influence (p<.001). 6) The higher the recreational activity, the relationship with relatives, share of role. and children's influence (p<.001). 7) The higher the relationship with relatives, the higher were the share of role. the higher children's influence (p<.001). In conclusion. the spousal relationship was not good in unhealthy women, and the family functionality was related with the age of women and educational level. Also the spousal relationship was related with the age of women, personality of husband, sexual relationship. relationship with relatives by marriage and influence of sons and daughters. Menopause was related with spousal relationship, not related with family functionality. And the family functionality not related with perceived health status. but was correlated with spousal relationship. Therefore, the health management program for middle-aged woman should take place before menopause and must be based on promoting the family functionality and spousal relationship as well as physical health.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.97-124
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• 2001

자녀양육에 수반되는 시간적 금전적 비용부담이 기혼여성의 노동시장 진입과 경력단절에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요인으로 지적한 선행 연구들은 이에 대한 정책적 지원을 강조하였다. 사회복지정책이 발달한 국가에서 세대간 동거(co-residence)는 고령층의 의료 및 부양과 관련된 공적 비용을 사적 비용으로 전환하고, 공식적인 부양을 비공식적인 것으로 대체하는 동시에 기혼여성의 노동공급을 증가시킨다는 관점에서 정책 설정에서 주요한 개선방안으로 인식되고 있다. 본 연구는 "한국노동패널" 2차년도(1999) 자료를 이용하여 부모세대와의 동거상태, 부모 및 기혼여성 본인의 건강상태가 기혼여성의 노동공급에 미치는 영향을 살펴본다. Tobit모형의 추정 결과, 동거 여부, 여성노인과의 동거, 노동시장 근로를 하지 않는 여성노인과의 동거는 동거하는 노인의 건강상태에 관계 없이 기혼여성의 노동공급량에 정(+)의 효과를 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 세대간 동거는 세대간 사적 자원이전 (intergenerational private transfer of resources)을 통하여 기혼여성의 노동공급에 긍정적인 영향올 미치며, 이는 세대간 사적 자원이전이 여성노인을 중심으로 시간자원의 이전이라는 형태를 취하고 있음을 의미한다.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.162-176
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• 2016

In this study, a part of the social and the economic condition of Nepali women is introduced with a short comparison to the socio-cultural position of the women of Korea. A relative definition of the condition of the past and now: this also briefly introduces the ideas of some of the Nepali women that we have collected through the questionnaire. A comparative literature reviews about the position of women in the past as well as the review of the position of women in present is made. Various articles are used for this as the method of analysis. A quantitative analysis of the status of women (Nepal) taking 24 households through the questionnaire method was done. The answers given by the women are the base for the article. However, the answers to the questionnaire are used to compare the past and the present. Analysis of the received data and their explanation through the tables and graph are done. The charts and tables are followed by a detailed explanation. Conclusively the briefing of the condition of women in both the countries, the changes that are brought or not brought by development; in their life's status and position in society, is mentioned.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.47-63
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• 2022

This study aimed to examine the changes in women's fashion, focusing on the repercussions that bicycles had on women's life and fashion, centered on France in the 19th century, and then it examines the significance of the period to women's cycling clothing and its contribution to fashion. The research is based on literature and visual materials extracted from 19th century French newspapers, magazines, and posters. As a result of this study, the appearance of bicycles in the 19th century contributed to fashion as follows. First, the need for clothing suitable for outdoor activities promoted development of new designs with practical and functional features. Second, the clothing worn by female cyclists contributed to the introduction and propagation of new clothing, and pioneering wearing trousers. Third, the boom of bicycles in the 1890s led to the expansion of ready-to-wear items in department. The significance of the period to women's cycling clothing in the 19th century France is as follows. First, the era challenged customs and attitudes towards women's bicycle clothing and led to modernization. Second, a new and reasonable clothing design was presented that required a compromise to be accepted by the public. Third, although the clothing reform movement was not active in France, bloomer-style bicycle clothing was popular among fashionable women in Paris, revealing only its visual status as the capital of fashion in the 19th century.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was 1) to segment the middle-aged and elderly women's fashion market based on the clothing benefits sought by the buyer and 2) to compare the purchase criteria and fashion information sources among the segmented markets. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire in Seoul and its surrounding suburban areas. Factor analysis, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Dunnett's T3 tests were used to conduct the data analysis from 285 out of 300 questionnaires. The middle-aged and elderly women's fashion market was segmented into four groups; value-oriented, social status/trend-oriented, uniqueness-oriented, and protection/ convenience-oriented. All four groups were significantly different in terms of purchase criteria and fashion information sources. The social status/trend-oriented group used external purchase criteria, such as country of origin or brand and obtained fashion information from personal experience, advice from the salesperson, and celebrities. The protection/convenience-oriented group sourced fashion information from newspapers, the internet, and the radio. The uniqueness-oriented group put less importance on practical use/convenience criteria. Marketing strategies for these segmented markets were discussed.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2023년도 제67차 동계학술대회논문집 31권1호
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• pp.189-190
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 노인의 생계급여와 기초연금 수급, 건강상태, 지역사회만족, 우울 간의 구조적 관계분석을 통해 노인의 우울 감소 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 분석자료는 2017년 노인실태조사 패널데이터 중 노인 본인이 직접 응답한 2,493명을 분석에 사용하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 생계급여와 기초연금 수급은 노인의 건강상태에 정(+)적인 영향을 미쳤고, 지역사회만족에는 부(-)적인 영향을 미쳤고, 우울에는 정(+)적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 노인의 건강상태는 지역사회만족에 부(-)적인 영향을 미쳤고, 우울에 정(+)적인 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 노인의 지역사회만족은 우울에 부(-)적인 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 노인의 생계급여와 기초연금 수급과 우울사이에서 건강상태, 지역사회만족의 다중매개효과는 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.570-579
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• 2002

This research study explores the job stress, job satisfaction, and health of women who works in the professional work place and identify the influence of the job stress and job satisfaction on the mental health status focused on the social and psychological structure of the workplace. Method: 535 participants of registered nurses and teachers from 10 General Hospitals and 15 Middle and High School located in Seoul, Korea were completed the modified version of the short form Work-family stress inventory of questionnaire as used for job stress and mental health problems and perceived overall health status and job satisfaction. Result: Job stress was significantly correlated with job satisfaction, overall health, and mental health. There were also significant group differences in job stress and job satisfaction between nurses and teachers. Multiple regression only moderately supported the effect of job stress and job satisfaction on the mental health of professional working women. Also marital status demonstrated a significant factor of group differences in job stress, work-family stress, job satisfaction, and mental health problem. Conclusion: These results suggest that job stress in the work place has profound impact on job satisfaction and health of women who work in the professional job. This study also identified major sources and types of work-related stress on women's health which should be considered in a management for health promotion.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.366-382
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• 2023

Among the many novels penned by Thomas Hardy, the novel "Tess of the d'Urbervilles" came into print in 1891.In this novel, Hardy portrays Tess who was born and raised in a rural middle-class family but ends up working as a laborer, trapped in a society where she is subjugated by the men's wealth, leading a life marked by loneliness and isolation. The novel presents the status of women, moral struggles, and the challenging fate that they must overcome. It highlights the powerlessness of women living in a structurally unreasonable social environment, forced to depend on the ever-changing twists of destiny. This story delves into the complexities of love between the genders, moral conflicts, and the societal criticism that must be confronted. By utilizing the life of the young woman Tess, it underscores the struggle for existence and elucidates the roles, expectations, and constraints imposed on gender during the Victorian era. This research paper aims to compare the roles of women in the Victorian era in Britain and woman in contemporary Korean society. The Victorian era featured rigid gender norms, confining women to prescribed roles. In contrast, modern Korean society blends tradition and modernity, empowering women to play vital roles and reshape societal norms. Our research explores the interplay of tradition and change, providing a comprehensive understanding of women's evolving roles in both historical and contemporary contexts. We will present our discussions regarding the enduring roles that women have faced in both periods. Furthermore, we aim to highlight the distinctive roles women are called upon to play while dealing with the swift transformations in contemporary Korean society, recognizing them as essential agents in the agents in advancing Korean society.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.507-514
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• 2010

Vitamin K intake has been reported as an essential factor for bone formation. The current study was conducted under the hypothesis that insufficient vitamin K intake would affect inflammatory markers and bone mineral density in young adult women. The study was a cross-sectional design that included 75 women in their 20s. Physical assessments, bone mineral density measurements, 24-hr dietary recalls, and biochemical assessments for high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and percentages of undercarboxylated osteocalcin (%ucOC) were performed. An analysis of vitamin K nutritional status was performed comparing first, second, and third tertiles of intake based on %ucOC in plasma. Vitamin K intake levels in the first, second, and third tertiles were $94.88{\pm}51.48\;{\mu}g$, $73.85{\pm}45.15\;{\mu}g$, and $62.58{\pm}39.92\;{\mu}g$, respectively (P < 0.05). The T-scores of the first and third tertiles were 1.06 and -0.03, respectively, indicating that bone mineral density was significantly lower in the group with lower vitamin K intake (P < 0.05). There was a tendency for different serum hs-CRP concentrations between the first ($0.04{\pm}0.02$) and third tertiles ($0.11{\pm}0.18$), however this was not statistically significant. Regression analysis was performed to identify the correlations between vitamin K nutritional status, inflammatory markers, and bone mineral density after adjusting for age and BMI. Serum hs-CRP concentrations were positively correlated with vitamin K deficiency status (P < 0.05). And bone mineral density, which was represented by speed, was negatively correlated with vitamin K deficiency status (P < 0.05). In conclusion, status of vitamin K affects inflammatory status and bone formation. Therefore, sufficient intake of vitamin K is required to secure peak bone mass in young adult women.

• 모자간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.64-77
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• 1993

Recovery of functional status and affecting factors it were examined at 1 and 2 months after delivery in 111 women who defined as the resumption of household, self-care, social & community, and occupational activities, and assumption of infant care responsibilities. The data were collected by Tulman & Fawcett (1988)'s IFSAC questionnaire at 2 local hospitals & health center in Kwangju city & Chonnam province. The results were as follows : 1. Total mean scores of functional status were 2.3 points and increased in total functional status between 1 & 2 months after childbirth. The analysis revealed significant changes in 3 dimensions-household, social & community, and occupational activities-of IFSAC between 1 & 2 months after childbirth. 2. Mean scores of 5 dimensions of IFSAC were : self-care activities, 1.9 points : household activities, 2.7 points ; infant care responsibilities, 3.6 points ; occupational activities, 1.5 points ; and social & community activities, 1.6 points. 3. The job affected significantly the household, occupational activities and infant care responsibilities. And the complication of infant or mother affected significantly the infant care responsibilities in association with recovery functional status. Based on the findings and a review of the literature in regard to our understanding of recovery of functional status, the following recommendations were derived. 1. Future research needs to be policied concerning length of maternity leave after delivery on a firmer basis throught longitudinal study. 2. The data also nay be used to develop individual interventions to facilitate recovery from childbirth. 3. The IFSAC may be used to clinical assessments of functional status in the case of women cancer or obstetric and gynecologic operation.