• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.96-102
• /
• 2006

Jehovah's Witnesses refuse a transfusion of blood or blood products because of religious beliefs; this refusal at times presents a dilemma for the treating physician. We report a case of a 25-year-old Jehovah's Witness patient who underwent a reoperation for a previous proximal humerus shaft fracture and experienced unexpected massive hemorrhage intraoperatively and postoperatively. The postoperative lowest hemoglobin level was 2.9 g/dl. The patient recovered from the severe anemia without any clinical sequala. We review the legal, ethical and religious issues and suggest the best possible medical care that Jehovah's Witness patient would permit.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
• /
• 2012.11a
• /
• pp.841-843
• /
• 2012

본 논문에서는 안드로이드 기반의 태블릿 PC 환경에서 차량사고 발생 시 번호판 인식을 통하여 해당 사건의 증인을 확보 할 수 있는 증인 확보용 블랙박스 시스템을 제안한다. 이 방법은 기존의 블랙박스 기능에 추가적으로 영상에서 추출한 자동차들의 번호판을 인식하여 번호판 정보를 로그데이터로 저장하는 방식을 사용한다. 이로 인해 차량 사고에 대한 증인을 확보할 수 있는 시스템을 제공함으로써 사건에 대한 사용자의 불리한 입장을 완화 시켜줄 수 있는 객관적 데이터를 제공 및 저장하는 것을 목표로 한다.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.107-128
• /
• 2023

International arbitration is a widely preferred alternative dispute resolution mechanism for many desirable characteristics, such as, party autonomy, procedural flexibility, ability of parties to select their arbitrators, as well as, finality of arbitral awards, among others. However, because arbitral tribunals derive their authority and jurisdiction from the parties' agreement(s) to arbitrate their dispute(s), arbitral tribunals lack coercive powers that national courts have. At times, arbitral tribunals have to deal with circumstances of non-production and/or spoliation of evidence, and due to the lack of coercive authority, it may be challenging to compel such recalcitrant parties to produce the relevant evidence and/or witnesses. Therefore, adverse inferences drawn against the recalcitrant parties may be the most effective sanctions. This article explores the sources of authority for arbitral tribunals to make such adverse inferences and argues for a precise set of rules or standard to be consistently applied by the arbitral tribunals in order to increase predictability in arbitral proceedings. Additionally, some of the critical issues when considering adverse inferences as sanctions are discussed.

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.16 no.7
• /
• pp.129-137
• /
• 2016

The guarantee of citizens' safety from crime is the reason for a nation's existence according to the social contract, and it is also a salient task in securing the citizens' right to the pursuit of happiness, which is a constitutional right expressing the nation's duty to its citizens. First, a procedure must be made mandatory that corresponds to the Miranda rule applied during the arrest of criminal suspect, which verifies whether there exists a risk of retaliatory crime to the victim of crime, crime reporter, or witness following their report of a crime or testimony. A measure to punish those who violate this should be devised. The second is the improvement of related laws and systems, such as expanding the scope of persons subject to protection from retaliatory crimes under the current law and strengthening information protection. Third, a retaliatory crime risk evaluation index must be developed, and the evaluation results must be quantified to clearly state measures and responsibilities, in detail, for personal safety at each level of intensity. The fourth is the expanded implementation of proactive personal safety measures for victims of crime and witnesses, as well as the development and application of advanced techniques. The last is a change in the perception s of those working for the judicial body. From the initial investigation stage of the crime to the diagnosis regarding the possibility of retaliation perpetrated on an ex-convict through psychological tests, systems of general cooperation, and mutual assistance must be established.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
• /
• v.32
• /
• pp.93-111
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the composition of the arbitration costs in ICC Rule of Arbitration and to examine how each item of the costs is determined. Furthermore this author tired to find the principles or criteria deciding which of the party should bear them or in what proportion they shall be home by the parties in Article 31. Thus this author could find three common approaches. First, all of the costs are home by the losing party, or Second, all of the costs are allocated in proportion to the result of award in each case. Third, all of the costs determined by the Court as shared equally by the parties and both parties bear their own costs. But, both parties may include their intention in accordance with the principle of party autonomy. For example if the parties with to ensure that the arbitration costs be shared equally and that the arbitrator make no allocation of costs and fees, the following sentence could be added to the arbitration clause. "All costs and expenses of the arbitrators (and the arbitral institution) shall be home by the parties equally; each party shall bear the costs and expenses, including attorneys' fees, of its own counsel, experts, witnesses and preparation and presentation of its case."

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.243-245
• /
• 2001

여호와의 증인을 부모로 둔 환아는 생후 4개월, 5.6kg이었다. 심초음파상 완전 대혈관 전위와 심실 중격 결손, 심방 중격 결손, 동맥관 개존중 및 양측상대 정맥이 관찰되었다. 수술전 혈색소 값은 14.9 g/dl이었다. 수혈없이 심실 중격 결손 교정과 대혈관 치환술을 시행하였으며, 별문제 없이 수술 후 16일에 환아는 퇴원하였다. 퇴원 당시 혈색소 값은 12.8 kg/dl 였다. 복잡 심기형을 가진 영아에서 수술전 eryrhropoietin의 투여, 수술중 철저한 지혈 및 초여과법등의 방법으로 수혈 없이 완전 교정술이 가능하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.93-98
• /
• 2016

A large number of victims or witnesses to incidents and accidents should visit a police station and fill the decree stated. Stated decree workaround discomfort and hygienic problems in unnecessary step process using the fingerprint after you modify the modified portion when due modify the request as of the import or typos recognized that modifications and police in the. Stated decree in the investigation phase when creating KICS and electronic Resources investigation into the identity of the one-touch fingerprint reader linked with the introduction table system and thinning, which can simplify the day of the procedure.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.23-41
• /
• 2012

Arbitration provides quicker resolution and may also limit the erosion of business relationships that is often the result of prolonged litigation. The process of arbitration typically involves four phases: 1) selection of arbitrator(s) and opening statement of positions by the parties; 2) rebuttal of opposing positions; 3) interviews, hearings, and information gathering; and 4) rendering of a decision and issuance of the arbitrator's award. A distinctive feature of arbitration is the party's ability to select the arbitrator and the process and rules that will be followed at the hearing. Once that process has been completed, the parties are in the hands of the arbitrator or tribunal. The arbitrator's duty goes on the arbitration procedure efficiently and renders arbitration award. This article discussed various ways the arbitrator leads to a shorter, less risky arbitration, which benefits the parties. We recommend the arbitrator the following comments; Before the hearing the arbitrator decides to whether an arbitration agreement is valid, and a scope of authorities of him in advance. In the hearing, the arbitrator gives both parties a sufficient opportunity to produce evidence, witnesses, and make their arguments. Lastly, the arbitrator need to be cautious in guiding the parties toward an amicable settlement.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.410-412
• /
• 2017

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious problem not only among workers who experience industrial accidents but also among workers who witness such accidents. Early intervention is needed to prevent prolonged psychological problems. There has been no study conducted regarding the psychological problems of and interventions for bystander workers in Korea. This study introduces the experience of intervention on psychological problems at the Busan Workers' Health Center workers who witnessed their colleagues' death. An investigation and an intervention were conducted according to the Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA) Guide. In total, 21 individuals including indirect observers showed statistical differences on scores of the Impact Event Scale Revised and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 after the intervention. Future interventions and research involving a larger sample size over a longer period are needed. The KOSHA Guide could be a useful tool for urgent psychological intervention in the event of major workplace disasters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.551-555
• /
• 2009

This study analyzed the cause for mooring chain cut in a naval ship moored, in preparation for a typhoon approach, to a buoy in a shelter. The result of the analysis led to a very interesting fact. That is, while officers usually understood the cut results from the fact that the wind and the tide were stronger than what the mooring chain can hold, according to the study, it was analyzed the impact power at the point where the mooring chain and the ship's body met was a main factor in the cut. Also, it was confirmed that the analytic result of the study is more logical from the point of mathematical analysis and that the cut corresponds to what the then-witnesses stated about the situation.