• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.390-399
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• 2007

국내산 캠벨포도를 이용한 포도주의 품질을 개선하기위하여 머루, 블루베리, 복분자, 블랙커런트 등을 첨가하여 포도주를 제조하였다. 캠벨포도주의 색상은 이들 과실의 첨가에 의하여 많이 짙어지고 색이 좋아짐을 확인하였다. 복분자와 블랙커런트를 첨가하였을 경우 L값이 34에서 $6{\sim}13$으로 낮아졌으며 Q값도 54에서 $36{\sim}46$으로 낮아져 외국산 포도주의 검붉은 색과 거의 비슷한 색깔을 뗬다. 머루와 블루베리의 첨가 역시 캠벨포도주의 색을 짙게 하였으나 복분자나 블랙커런트보다는 그 효과가 미치지 못하였다. 또한 블랙커런트와 복분자의 첨가에 의하여 캠벨 포도주의 폴리페놀함량은 크게 높아졌는데 15일간의 발효 후 캠벨포도주의 경우 1.02 mg/mL의 폴리페놀을 함유한 반면 캠벨포도에 $15^{\circ}Brix$ 블랙커런트를 20% 첨가한 포도주의 경우 1.87 mg/mL로 폴리페놀함량이 크게 높아짐을 확인하였다. 관능검사 결과 역시 캠벨은 다른 포도 품종에 비하여 가장 낮은 품질특성을 나타냈지만 캠벨에 복분자, 블랙커런트, 머루 등을 첨가함으로써 색, 향, 맛 그리고 기호도 등 모든 면에서 포도주의 품질이 크게 개선이 됨을 확인하였다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.371-385
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• 2013

This study aimed to classify attendants of a wine training institute according to loyalty for wine training service program and to deduce the core managing points in a wine training program by IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis). Self-administered questionnaires were collected from 192 trainees and statistical data analysis completed using SPSS ver. 18.0. As a result of clustering analysis based on trainee loyalty from both attitude and behavioral perspectives, four classification groups were identified: a "genuine" loyalty group, a "latent" loyalty group, a "mendacious" loyalty group, and a "low" loyalty group. For the genuine loyalty group, the importance of total service quality was 4.32 on average whereas the performance was measured as 4.22; thus there was little difference between importance to quality and performance. However, for the other three groups, especially the low loyalty group, there were significant wide gaps between importance to quality and performance. According to IPA, different service quality items were posted on the 'Focus here' quadrant (a domain with high service quality importance but low performance) by group, while the other three quadrants had several common items regardless of the group. Finally, the core quality managing points were different depending on the level of trainee loyalty. Therefore, it is necessary to plan and conduct a wine training program that reflects the characteristics and needs of its students, which will lead to a differentiated management strategy according to the level of loyalty.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권11호
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• pp.1444-1450
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• 2007

대추술의 가열살균으로 인한 품질저하를 개선하고자 초고압(500 MPa, 5분) 및 냉동처리($-20^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 냉동 후 $20^{\circ}C$에서 4시간 동안 해동)를 이용하여 대추술을 살균한 다음 가열처리구($63^{\circ}C$, 10분) 및 시판대추술과 비교하면서 품질특성을 조사하였다. 미생물은 초고압 및 시판대추술에서는 검출되지 않았고, 가열처리구에서는 세균류만이 10 CFU/mL 이하로 검출되었으며, 냉동처리구에서는 $10^2{\sim}10^3CFU/mL$ 수준으로 검출되어 $30{\sim}60%$의 살균효과를 보였다. 초고압, 냉동 및 가열처리는 대추술의 pH, 산도, 아미노산도, 환원당 및 에탄올함량 등의 성분에 유의적인 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 색도에는 유의적으로 영향을 미쳤으며 변화폭은 초고압 처리가 가장 작았고 다음으로 가열 및 시판, 냉동처리 순으로 크게 나타났다. 관능검사 결과에서는 가열처리 시 신맛 및 화한 맛이 감소하면서 전체적인 품질이 낮아진 데 비하여, 초고압 및 냉동처리 시에는 신맛과 화한 맛이 변하지 않으면서 품질이 유지되었다. 한편 시판 대추술에서는 탄내, 단내 및 단맛이 뚜렷이 증가하고 신내 및 신맛이 감소하면서 가장 낮은 품질을 보였다. 이상으로부터 초고압처리는 살균효과가 우수하고 제품의 성분 및 색도에 큰 영향을 미치지 않으면서 본래 대추술의 관능적인 특성을 최대 유지 할 수 있는 효과적인 비열살균법임을 알 수 있었고, 냉동처리 역시 관능적으로 받아들일 수 있는 수준으로 품질이 유지되었으나 불완전한 살균으로 인한 저장성 연구가 추가되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.921-926
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• 2008

국내산 산머루 와인의 품질을 향상시키기 위하여 와인의 맛을 결정하는 중요한 기능성 인자인 tannin 성분을 강화시키기 위한 조건을 확립하고 tannin이 강화된 산머루 와인의 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 산머루 와인용 tannin을 강화하기 위한 최적 tannin 추출 조건은 녹차를 $40^{\circ}C$에서 주정으로 추출하는 것이 가장 높은 추출율을 나타내었다. 고품질 tannin 강화 산머루 와인 제조를 위한 tannin 첨가 최적 농도는 6.5 mg/mL이며 산머루 와인 발효 전에 첨가하는 것이 효율적으로 생각되어 산머루 와인 제조 시 발효 전 최종 tannin 농도를 6.5 mg/mL로 조절하여 발효하였다. 최적 발효 조건으로 제조된 tannin 강화 산머루 와인의 pH, 산도, 알코올 함량, 총당, polyphenol, tannin 및 resveratrol 함량을 측정하고 수입 와인 3종과 품질 특성을 비교한 결과, tannin 강화 산머루 와인은 pH $3.69{\pm}0.01$, 산도 $0.96{\pm}0.01%$, 알코올 함량 $12.20{\pm}0.01%$, 총당 $60.00{\pm}1.15\;mg/mL$, polyphenol 함량 $79.50{\pm}0.55\;mg/mL$, tannin 함량 $7.40{\pm}0.05\;mg/mL$ 및 resveratrol 함량 $5.00{\pm}0.11\;mg/mL$로 기능성 물질 함량이 매우 높아 품질이 우수하고 단맛, 떫은맛과 산머루 자체의 강한 신맛이 균형을 이룬 산머루 와인으로 평가되었다. 본 연구에서 검색된 조건으로 tannin을 추출하여 산머루 와인의 tannin을 강화함으로써 기존의 산머루 와인에 비해 단맛과 떫은맛이 강화되었으며, 머루 자체의 강한 신맛과 잘 어우러 져 고급 와인의 평가 기준이 되는 단맛, 떫은맛, 신맛이 적절하게 균형을 이룬 고품질의 산머루 와인을 제조할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국미생물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물생명공학회 2005년도 2005 Annual Meeting & International Symposium
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• pp.212-215
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• 2005

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.593-602
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• 2009

This study was conducted to compare the quality of Korean and imported wine through sensory evaluation and to determined the harmony between wine and foods. The physiochemical characteristics, such as the sugar content, total acidity, pH and color values of Korean and imported wine were also measured. Three white wines made in Korean (WWK), Germany (WWG) and U.S.A (WWU), and three red wines made in Korean (RWK), France (RWF) and Chile (RWC), were used for testing. In the result of sensory evaluation, the white wine made in Germany (WWG) was the most preferred in flavor, taste and overall preference, and the red wine made in France (RWF) was the most preferred in appearance, flavor, taste and overall preference. The overall preference of wine was positively correlated with the total balance in the white wine (r=0.66) and in red wine (r=0.81). In regards to the harmony of wines with foods, the white wine made in Korean (WWK) was suitable for sirloin steak, the WWG for codfish steak and salad and the white wine made in the U.S.A (WWU) for sandwiches. The red wine made in Korean (RWK) was significantly harmonious with salad, the France red wine (RWF) with sirloin steak and in the red wine made in Chile (RWC) with sandwiches. The L and b-values of white wine were the highest in WWG. the L-values of red wine were the highest in RWK, and the a-values of red wine were the highest in RWC and RWF. The WWU was the highest in sugar content among the white wines $10.83^{\circ}$ Brix and the RWC ($8.32^{\circ}$ Brix) was the highest among the red wines. Total acidity was higher in WWU (0.8) and in RWF (0.45) and thy pH values were the highest in WWK (2.82) and RWK (3.35).

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1523-1523
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• 2001

The wine industry requires practical methods for objectively measuring the composition of both red wine grapes on the vine to determine optimal harvest time; and of freshly harvested grapes for efficient allocation to vinery process streams for particular red wine products, and to determine payment of contract grapegrowers. To be practical for industry application these methods must be rapid, inexpensive and accurate. In most cases this restricts the analyses available to measurement of TSS (total soluble solids, predominantly sugars) by refractometry and pH by electropotentiometry. These two parameters, however, do not provide a comprehensive compositional characterization for the purpose of winemaking. The concentration of anthocyanin pigment in red wine grapes is an accepted indicator of potential wine quality and price. However, routine analysis for total anthocyanins is not considered as a practical option by the wider wine industry because of the high cost and slow turnaround time of this multi-step wet chemical laboratory analysis. Recent work by this ${group}^{l,2}$ has established the capability of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to provide rapid, accurate and simultaneous measurement of total anthocyanins, TSS and pH in red wine grapes. The analyses may be carried out equally well using either research grade scanning spectrometers or much simpler reduced spectral range portable diode-array based instrumentation. We have recently expanded on this work by collecting thousands of red wine grape samples in Australia. The sample set spans two vintages (1999 and 2000), five distinct geographical winegrowing regions and three main red wine grape varieties used in Australia (Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz and Merlot). Homogenized grape samples were scanned in diffuse reflectance mode on a FOSE NIR Systems6500 spectrometer and subject to laboratory analysis by the traditional methods for total anthocyanins, TSS and pH. We report here an analysis of the correlations between the NIR spectra and the laboratory data using standard chemometric algorithms within The Unscrambler software package. In particular, various subsets of the total data set are considered in turn to elucidate the effects of vintage, geographical area and grape variety on the measurement of grape composition by NIR spectroscopy. The relative ability of discrete calibrations to predict within and across these differences is considered. The results are then used to propose an optimal calibration strategy for red wine grape analysis.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.64-81
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• 2004

Recently, the demand for utensils related to wine business has been growing from the wine consumers in Korea in order to enjoy flavor of wine more profoundly. This study propose a theory about the five senses that had been issued frequently in wine world attracting an attention of ever-changing food culture. In addition, it is to help sommeliers and devotes to learn the knowledge about the wine. To fully appreciate the different grape varieties and the subtle characteristics of wines, it is essential to have a glass with shape if fine-tuned for the purpose. The shape is responsible for the quality and intensity of the bouquet and the flow of the wine. This study has been performed with Riedel glass that has been appreciated as one of the finest wineglass in the world to investigate the effect of glass to the wine tasting. This study should be followed by further study with other tasting glass such as INAO and Le Taster glass to be generalized. The study is also needed about not only wineglass but wine accessories such as cork-screw, decanting and wine cooler.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.608-615
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• 2010

본 연구는 포도 원료의 열처리 온도(50, 60 and $70^{\circ}C$)가 포도주 품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 실험에 사용한 재료는 국내에서 주요 포도주용으로 생산되고 있는 품종중의 하나인 Muscat Bailey A를 이용하였다. 열처리 온도가 높아질수록 포도 으깸이 중에 살아있는 세균, 효모, 곰팡이 수는 현저하게 줄어들었으며 폴리페놀산화효소의 활성도 낮아졌다. 발효완료 후 포도주의 적색도나 총안토시아닌, 총폴리페놀, 탄닌 함량은 $70^{\circ}C$ 열처리에서 다른 처리구보다 높은 특징을 보였다. 또한 항산화활성도 원료의 열처리 온도가 높을수록 높아져, 높은 열처리 온도에서 폴리페놀성 물질 함량이 높고 폴리페놀산화효소의 활성이 낮은 것과 연관이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 결과적으로 발효 전 포도 원료의 열처리가 포도주 품질에 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.722-726
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• 2005

The use of isolated wine yeasts in winemaking processes is preferable to spontaneous fermentation. Selection criteria of wine yeast strains depend also on capacity and rate of fermentation and on alcohologenic capabilities. Our studies have described the dynamics of fermentation of wine musts by some isolated wine yeast strains of Saccharomyces genus: strains 6 and 8 of S. cerevisiae var. ellipsoideus (S. ellipsoideus) and strains 5 and 7 of S. bayanus var. oviformis (S. oviformis). All have high technological properties and all are adapted for the specific pedoclimatic conditions of some areas of Sibiu viticultural region. The selected strains were used as inocula to ferment Sauvignon, Muscat Ottonel, Rose Traminer, and Pino Gris musts in controlled laboratory conditions. It was found that higher initial oxygen concentration in must is necessary to accelerate the fermentation of all the wine yeast strains studied. In order to obtain quality wines, strains with considerable fermentative capacity, high alcohologenic capabilities, and a good conversion efficiency are recommended.