• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.407-419
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• 1996

Characteristics of visual air quality in Seoul have been investigated between June 13 and 21, 1994. Optical properties (extinction coefficient and particle scattering coefficient), meteorological parameters (relative humidity, temperature, wind speed, wind direction, and cloud cover), particle characteristics (mass size distribution, components) were measured and analyzed. During measurement periods, northwest wind with less than 2m/sec of wind speed deteriorates visibility. Effects of relative humidity are though to be not a direct factor which influence to visibility through the size change due to hygroscopic species in aerosol. During the smoggy period both the aerosol mass concentration and fine particle fraction of the size distribution are increased compared to the clear period. Sulfate, organic carbon, and elemental carbon in aerosol are the major species in determining the occurrence and severity of a smog in Seoul.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2024

In recent years, there have been an increasing number of experimental studies showing the need to include robustness criteria in the design process to develop complex active control designs for practical implementation. The paper investigates the crosswind aerodynamic parameters after the blocking phase of a two-dimensional square cross-section structure by measuring the response in wind tunnel tests under light wind flow conditions. To improve the accuracy of the results, the interpolation of the experimental curves in the time domain and the analytical responses were numerically optimized to finalize the results. Due to this combined effect, the three aerodynamic parameters decrease with increasing wind speed and asymptotically affect the upper branch constants. This means that the aerodynamic parameters along the density distribution are minimal. Taylor series are utilized to describe the fuzzy nonlinear plant and derive the stability analysis using polynomial function for analyzing the aerodynamic parameters and numerical simulations. Due to it will yield intricate terms to ensure stability criterion, therefore we aim to avoid kinds issues by proposing a polynomial homogeneous framework and utilizing Euler's functions for homogeneous systems. Finally, we solve the problem of stabilization under the consideration by SOS (sum of squares) and assign its fuzzy controller based on the feasibility of demonstration of a nonlinear system as an example.

• 천문학회보
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.41.1-41.1
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• 2017

It is well known that there are good relations of coronal hole (CH) parameters such as the size, location, and magnetic field strength to the solar wind conditions and the geomagnetic storms. Especially in the minimum phase of solar cycle, CHs in mid- or low-latitude are one of major drivers for geomagnetic storms, since they form corotating interaction regions (CIRs). By adopting the method of Vrsnak et al. (2007), the Space Weather Research Center (SWRC) in Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) has done daily forecast of solar wind speed and Dst index from 2010. Through years of experience, we realize that the geomagnetic storms caused by CHs have different characteristics from those by CMEs. Thus, we statistically analyze the characteristics and causality of the geomagnetic storms by the CHs rather than the CMEs with dataset obtained during the solar activity was very low. For this, we examine the CH properties, solar wind parameters as well as geomagnetic storm indices. As the first result, we show the different trends of the solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices depending on the degree of solar activity represented by CH (quiet) or sunspot number (SSN) in the active region (active) and then we evaluate our forecasts using CH information and suggest several ideas to improve forecasting capability.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.640-652
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• 2007

The MM5, RAMS and WRF, meteorological models have provided the dynamical parameters as inputs to air quality model. A major content of this study is that significant characteristics of three models for high-ozone occurrence analyze for surface wind and air temperature fields and compare with observation data in Seoul metropolitan area. An analysis of air temperature field revealed that location of core in high temperature of MM5 and WRF differed from that of RAMS. MM5 and WRF indicated high temperature in Seoul but RAMS represented it on the outskirts of Seoul. MM5 and WRF were underestimated maximum temperature during daytime but RAMS simulated similar value with observation data. Surface wind field with three models, it was shown many differences at horizontal distribution of wind direction. RAMS indicated weak wind speed in land and strong sea breeze at coastal areas than MM5 and WRF. However wind speed simulated by three model were overestimated during both daytime and nighttime.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.277-290
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• 2018

고정점에서 고도별 바람을 산출할 수 있는 장비인 윈드프로파일러에 의해 관측된 바람 자료는 바람 산출 프로그램인 PCL1300을 활용하여 바람벡터로 제공된다. 현재 프로그램에 설정된 매개변수에 따른 운용의 결과는 3 km 이상 상층 대기 영역의 바람 산출이 어렵다는 것이다. 이는 매개변수에 대한 매우 엄격한 기준으로 인해 다량의 자료가 제거되기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 바람벡터의 자료 수집 영역을 확장시키고 과소측정을 줄이기 위해 매개변수를 재설정하여 운용 방식을 개선하였다. 바람벡터의 수집률은 72.2%에서 92.2%로 증가하였음에도 풍속의 RMSE는 고도별 오차율 15% 미만에 해당하는 1.5 m/s - 3.1 m/s를 유지하였다.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2006년 제4회 한국유체공학학술대회 논문집
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• pp.263-264
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• 2006

In this study, the threshold wind speed that causes physical damage on Kiwi fruit plant was investigated through wind tunnel experiments. Total 30 samples of Kiwi fruit branches were tested. On average, the wind speeds for tearing leaves and breaking side branch from the main branch were about 20m/s and 21.7m/s, respectively. For the cases of broken branches, the average length and diameter of the branches were 587.5mm and 7.2mm, respectively. The discoloration and dehydration of Kiwi plant were also observed by photographing leaves and branches after 24 hour later of the wind damage. In addition, the shelter effect of porous wind fences which have been used at agricultural districts was examined with varying several parameters.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.245-251
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• 1994

We considered that characteristics of SO$_2$, concentration level and relations of the meteorological parameters and high pollution concentration from the data measured 7 air quality continuous monitoring stations during 4 years, from 1990 to 1993 in Pusan. The SO$_2$ concentration level showed decreasing trend yearly, it was maximum in Winter, minimum in Summer. The time of SO$_2$ peak concentration lagged from seashore to land because of break-down of the nocturnal inversion layer and seabreeze. Ihe correlations of daily SO$_2$, value between various air quality continuous monitoring stations were highest between Beomcheondong and Meongryundong, lowest between Daeyeondong and Sinpyeongdong because of difference of air Pollution emission sources characteristic. The meteorological parameters affecting SO$_2$ concentration level were minimum temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and air pressure. The SO$_2$ high pollution($\geq$95ppb) occurred almost in Winter, particulaly in such day showing lower wind speed and higher air pressure. Elementary SO$_2$ high Pollution Predictor were high pressure system and stability of lower atmosphere.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.183-195
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• 1996

A barotropic non-linear numerical model is used to study the response of the Yellow Sea to winter cyclone passage. Cyclones normally come from the outside of the western boundary, China, and pass the region eastward. The cyclone parameters used for the present study are the following: the intensity, i.e., the maximum wind speed of the cyclone; the effective radius corresponding to this maximum; and the translation speed. The equations of motion are integrated over the depth which is supposed to be a constant. The Gaussian function is used to define the stream function of the wind. The following results have been found. A northward current is generated by the frontal part of the cyclone near the western boundary. After the cyclone leaves the sea area, a southward current is generated by the rear part of the cyclone. After that, a northward current is generated once again due to the westward propagating Rossby waves. The response of the sea to the cyclone passage is strongly influenced by a steady current when the steady current and the current due to the cyclone wind are of the same order. The steady current diminishes the sea response and reduces the speed of the southward current, and enhances the northward current speed. The intensity and the translation speed of a cyclone also influence the flow pattern significantly.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.185-197
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• 2022

This study aimed to analyze the wind-induced mechanical energy (WME) of a proposed super high-rise and long-span transmission tower-line system (SHLTTS), which, in 2021, is the tallest tower-line system with the longest span. Anew index - the WME, accounting for the wind-induced vibration behavior of the whole system rather than the local part, was first proposed. The occurrence of the maximum WME for a transmission tower, with or without conductors, under synoptic winds, was analyzed, and the corresponding formulae were derived based on stochastic vibration theory. Some calculation data, such as the drag coefficient, dynamic parameters, windshielding areas, mass, calculation point coordinates, mode shape and influence function, derived from wind tunnel testing on reducedscale models and finite element software were used in calculating the maximum WME of the transmission tower under three cases. Then, the influence of conductors, wind speed, gradient wind height and wind yaw angle on WME components and the energy transfer relationship between substructures (transmission tower and conductor) were analyzed. The study showed that the presence of conductors increases the WME of transmission towers and changes the proportion of the mean component (MC), background component (BC) and resonant component (RC) for WME; The RC of WME is more susceptible to the wind speed change. Affected by the gradient wind height, the WME components decrease. With the RC decreasing the fastest and the MC decreasing the slowest; The WME reaches the its maximum value at the wind yaw angle of 30°. Due to the influence of three factors, namely: the long span of the conductors, the gradient wind height and the complex geometrical profile, it is important that the tower-line coupling effect, the potential for fatigue damage and the most unfavorable wind yaw angle should be given particular attention in the wind-resistant design of SHLTTSs

• Wind and Structures
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.299-312
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• 2019

Due to the rugged terrain, metro lines in mountain city across numerous wide rivers and deep valleys, resulting in instability of high-pier bridge and insecurity of metro train under crosswind. Compared with the conditions of no-wind, crosswind triggers severer vibration of the dynamic system; compared with the short-pier viaduct, the high-pier viaduct has worse stability under crosswind. For these reasons, the running safety of the metro vehicle traveling on a high-pier viaduct under crosswind is analyzed to ensure the safe operation in metro lines in mountain cities. In this paper, a dynamic model of the metro vehicle-track-bridge system under crosswind is established, in which crosswind loads model considering the condition of wind zone are built. After that, the evaluation indices and the calculation parameters have been selected, moreover, the basic characteristics of the dynamic system with high-pier under crosswind are analyzed. On this basis, the response varies with vehicle speed and wind speed are calculated, then the corresponding safety zone is determined. The results indicate that, crosswind triggers drastic vibration to the metro vehicle and high-pier viaduct, which in turn causes running instability of the vehicle. The corresponding safety zone for metro vehicle traveling on the high-pier is proposed, and the metro traffic on the high-pier bridge under crosswind should not exceed the corresponding limited vehicle speed to ensure the running safety.