• 제목/요약/키워드: wild cabbage

검색결과 54건 처리시간 0.03초

Effects on the Development of Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura after Feeding on Transgenic Cabbage Expressing Potato Proteinase Inhibitor II and Bar Genes

  • Lee, Yeon-Hee;Lee, Sang-Guei;Park, Beom-Seok;Lee, Young-Su;Jin, Yong-Moon;Kim, Ho-il;Suh, Seok-Cheol
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제6권3호
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    • pp.145-150
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    • 2004
  • Cabbage plants were transformed with the potato proteinase inhibitor II (PINII) gene, bar gene, and hpt gene using Agrobacterium. The expression of the PINII gene was driven by its own promoter which was wound-inducible. Ten transgenic plants were obtained from medium containing hygromycin as a selection antibiotic. The integration and expression of PINII and bar genes were confirmed by Southern and Northern hybridization. Growth and development of diamondback moths (Plutella xylostella) and tobacco cutworm (Spodoptera litura) larvae were examined on $T_1$ plants. The weight of the larvae and pupae of these two insects grown on transgenic plants was not different compared to those grown on wild type plants. However, the pupation and emergence rate of diamondback moths and tobacco cutworms fed on some transgenic plants was lower than on wild type plants. These results suggest that the PINII transgene under the control of a wound-induced promoter may be used for control of insects in transgenic cabbage through reduction of insect progeny number.

Metabolic engineering of aliphatic glucosinolates in Chinese cabbage plants expressing Arabidopsis MAM1, CYP79F1, and CYP83A1

  • Zang, Yun-Xiang;Kim, Jong-Hoon;Park, Young-Doo;Kim, Doo-Hwan;Hong, Seung-Beom
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제41권6호
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    • pp.472-478
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    • 2008
  • Three Arabidopsis cDNAs, MAM1, CYP79F1, and CYP83A1, required for aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis were introduced into Chinese cabbage by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. The transgenic lines overexpressing MAM1 or CYP83A1 showed wild-type phenotypes. However, all the lines overexpressing CYP79F1 displayed phenotypes different from wild type with respect to the stem thickness as well as leaf width and shape. Glucosinolate contents of the transgenic plants were compared with those of wild type. In the MAM1 line M1-1, accumulation of aliphatic glucosinolates gluconapin and glucobrassicanapin significantly increased. In the CYP83A1 line A1-1, all the aliphatic glucosinolate levels were increased, and the levels of gluconapin and glucobrassicanapin were elevated by 4.5 and 2 fold, respectively. The three CYP79F1 transgenic lines exhibited dissimilar glucosinolate profiles. The F1-1 line accumulated higher levels of gluconapoleiferin, glucobrassicin, and 4-methoxy glucobrassicin. However, F1-2 and F1-3 lines demonstrated a decrease in the levels of gluconapin and glucobrassicanapin and an increased level of 4-hydroxy glucobrassicin.

개량머루의 고랭지 적응성과 토양보전 효과 (Adaptability of Improved Wild Vine in Slopled Highland and It's Effect of Soil Conservation)

  • 이계준;이정태;윤영남;진용익;박철수;장용선;주진호;황선웅
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제41권6호
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    • pp.419-424
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    • 2008
  • 고랭지 경사밭에서 개량머루의 도입 적응성을 검토하기 위하여 대단위 개량머루 재배지의 실태를 조사하였고 토양보전 효과를 평가하기 위하여 개량머루 재배방법별 배추재배지 토양과 비교 검토하였다. 개량머루 주산지는 대부분 해발 230~540 m에 분포하고 있었으며, 강수량은 1,200~1,700mm이었다. 최저기온은 $-19.6{\sim}-25.4^{\circ}C$이었다. 토성은 사양토~식양토가 대부분으로 토양의 유기물 및 질소함량은 일반 밭토양에 비하여 높은 편이었다. 개량머루의 적응성은 해발 600 m 이상에서도 월동이 가능하여 고랭지채소 대체작물로 도입이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 개량머루 재배방법에 따른 토양유실량은 연간 ha당 청경재배 25.MT, 부분초생 4.1MT, 초생피복 1.8MT으로 고랭지 채소재배지의 평균 토양유실량 $30{\sim}80MT\;ha^{-1}\;year^{-1}$에 비하여 훨씬 적었으며, 부분초생 및 초생피복을 동반한 개량머류의 재배법은 고랭지에서 토양유실량 및 양분유출량 경감효과가 매우 커서 개량머루는 고랭지 농가소득 향상 및 경사밭의 환경오염 부하량을 경감시킬 수 있는 하나의 방법이 될 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.

노지와 시설 재배 달래의 특징적인 향기 성분 비교 (Comparison of characteristic aroma compounds in Korean wild chive (Allium monanthum Maxim.) cultivated in open-fields or greenhouses)

  • 장보아;백형희
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제54권2호
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    • pp.126-133
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    • 2022
  • 본 연구에서는 달래의 특징적인 향 특성을 확인하기 위해 봄에 수확한 노지 재배 달래와 시설 재배 달래를 SAFE법으로 추출하고 GC-MS-O를 통해 휘발성 향기성분을 분석하였다. 달래는 알데하이드류와 황 함유 화합물의 함량이 높았으며, 휘발성 성분으로는 2-methyl-2-pentenal, 2-methyl-2-butenal 및 (E)-1-propenyl propyl trisulfide의 함량이 높았다. 달래의 향 특성에 기여하는 주요한 향 활성 화합물은 2-methyl-2-pentenal, (Z)-1-propenyl methyl disulfide, dipropyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, (E)-1-propenyl propyl disulfide, dipropyl trisulfide, (E)-1-propenyl propyl trisulfide, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine 및 2-sec-butyl-3-methoxypyrazine으로 총 9종이 확인되었다. 2-Isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine와 2-sec-butyl-3-methoxypyrazine은 달래의 흙 냄새에 기여하는 화합물로 가장 강한 향 강도를 보였다. Dipropyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide 및 dipropyl trisulfide는 달래의 양파 및 마늘과 같은 향 특성에 기여하는 화합물로 향 강도가 피라진류 다음으로 강했고, 노지 재배 달래에서 시설 재배 달래보다 더 강하게 감지되었다. 2-Methyl-2-pentenal, (Z)-1-propenyl methyl disulfide 및 (E)-1-propenyl propyl disulfide는 달래에서 자른 양파와 같은 매운 향 특성에 기여하는 화합물로 노지 재배 달래에서 더 높은 함량과 강도를 보였다. (E)-1-Propenyl propyl trisulfide 와 (E)-1-propenyl methyl disulfide은 절인 야채 및 양배추 냄새에 기여하는 화합물로서 노지 재배 달래에서 낮은 함량과 향 강도를 보였다.

애기장대 H+-PPase(AVP1) 과발현 배추에서 바이오매스 증가와 내염성 향상 (Increased biomass and enhanced tolerance to salt stress in Chinese cabbage overexpressing Arabidopsis H+-PPase (AVP1))

  • 박미희;원희연;김창길;한증술
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제39권4호
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    • pp.253-260
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    • 2012
  • 애기장대 액포 소재 $H^+$-PPase(AVP1)의 과발현이 농업적으로 가치 있는 표현형을 나타낸다는 기 보고에 기초하여, AVP1 발현이 다른 종에서도 일관되게 바이오매스를 증가시키고 염에 대한 내성을 향상시키는지를 확인하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 AVP1 형질전환 배추 식물체를 획득한 후 고정계통을 육성하여 생리검정 재료로 사용하였다. 형질전환 배추 유식물체는 비형질전환 유식물체에 비해 생장이 왕성하였으며 염스트레스에 대한 내성도 강하였다. 정상 재배조건에서 생장시킨 유식물체의 생체중과 건물중을 비교함으로써 형질전환에 의한 바이오매스증가 표현형을 확인하였으며 MS 염과 NaCl로 점차 염스트레스를 강화시키는 조건에서 광계II 양자수율을 추적, DAB 염색 실시 및 최종적으로 용토 탈염 후 회복 실험을 수행함으로써 내염성 향상 표현형을 확인하였다.

Metabolic Engineering of Indole Glucosinolates in Chinese Cabbage Plants by Expression of Arabidopsis CYP79B2, CYP79B3, and CYP83B1

  • Zang, Yun-Xiang;Lim, Myung-Ho;Park, Beom-Seok;Hong, Seung-Beom;Kim, Doo Hwan
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.231-241
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    • 2008
  • Indole glucosinolates (IG) play important roles in plant defense, plant-insect interactions, and stress responses in plants. In an attempt to metabolically engineer the IG pathway flux in Chinese cabbage, three important Arabidopsis cDNAs, CYP79B2, CYP79B3, and CYP83B1, were introduced into Chinese cabbage by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Overexpression of CYP79B3 or CYP83B1 did not affect IG accumulation levels, and overexpression of CYP79B2 or CYP79B3 prevented the transformed callus from being regenerated, displaying the phenotype of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) overproduction. However, when CYP83B1 was overexpressed together with CYP79B2 and/or CYP79B3, the transformed calli were regenerated into whole plants that accumulated higher levels of glucobrassicin, 4-hydroxy glucobrassicin, and 4-methoxy glucobrassicin than wild-type controls. This result suggests that the flux in Chinese cabbage is predominantly channeled into IAA biosynthesis so that coordinate expression of the two consecutive enzymes is needed to divert the flux into IG biosynthesis. With regard to IG accumulation, overexpression of all three cDNAs was no better than overexpression of the two cDNAs. The content of neoglucobrassicin remained unchanged in all transgenic plants. Although glucobrassicin was most directly affected by overexpression of the transgenes, elevated levels of the parent IG, glucobrassicin, were not always accompanied by increases in 4-hydroxy and 4-methoxy glucobrassicin. However, one transgenic line producing about 8-fold increased glucobrassicin also accumulated at least 2.5 fold more 4-hydroxy and 4-methoxy glucobrassicin. This implies that a large glucobrassicin pool exceeding some threshold level drives the flux into the side chain modification pathway. Aliphatic glucosinolate content was not affected in any of the transgenic plants.

고랭지 경사전 산채류 재배에 의한 토양 유실 저감 평가 (Evaluation of Soil Management Practices Using Wild Edible Greens for Reduction of Soil Erosion in Highland)

  • 주진호;김수정
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제40권6호
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    • pp.488-494
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    • 2007
  • 고랭지 농업은 표고가 높은 산지의 경사지에서 이루어지고 있고, 비료 및 퇴비 등의 고투입농법에 의존하고 있기 때문에 토양유실 가능성이 상당히 높고 따라서 환경에 악영향을 미칠 가능성이 크다. 이 연구는 식생을 이용한 토양 유실저감효과를 규명하기 위하여 경제성이 있는 산채작물을 재배함으로서 이들의 토양 유실 저감 정도를 평가하였다. 2005년 실험에 따르면 배추포장에 비하여 눈개승마와 참취 포장의 토양 유실량은 1/2로 저감되었으며, 유출량 또한 상대적으로 눈개승마 재배 포장과 침취 재배 포장에서 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 경사도(15%, 30%, 45%)에 따른 토양유실량은 경사도가 증가할수록 증가하였으며, 15% 포장에서 눈개승마의 경우 52.50 kg, 30% 포장에서 눈개승마의 경우 108.33 kg, 45% 포장에서 눈개승마의 경우 171.50 kg로 나타났으며, 배추포장의 경우는 눈개승마 포장에 비해 2~3배 많은 토양 유실량을 보였다.

Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris의 병원성 관련 형질 탐색에 관한 연구 (Molecular Approaches to Evaluate the Role of Some Genes Required for Plant Pathogenicity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris)

  • 배동원;윤한대;김희규
    • 한국식물병리학회지
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.172-178
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    • 1997
  • 십자화과 작물에 발생하는 검은썩음병(Black rot or Black vein of crucifer)의 병원성 세균인 Xanthomonas campestris pv. crucifer)의 병원성 세균인 Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris를 분리, 동정하고 병원성을 검정하였다. 이 X. c. pv. campestris 는 3가지 종의 Chinese cabbage에 병원성을 나타내었고, 병원성과 관련된 특성을 결정하기 위하여 Tn5 mutagenesis를 실시 cellulase negative mutant를 선발하여 병원성 검정하였다. 선발된 cellulase negative mutant를 배추에 분무 접종하여 광학 현미경과 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과 cellulase negative mutant는 wild type와 함께 기공표면과 기공하부조직에서 정착하였지만 그 밀도는 낮았다. 반면 접종 24시간 이후 wild type은 기공표면과 기공하부조직이 lysis되기 시작하여 48시간 이후에는 병원성의 진전으로 보다 많이 lysis되었다. 6일 후, wild type은 cellulase활성에 의해 식물체 조직에서 높은 증식력을 보이며 조직을 lysis 시키고 또한 조직 깊숙이 침입, 정착하는 것을 관찰하였다. 이 결과로 X. c. pv.c campestris의 cellulase는 병원성에 관여하는 중요한 요인으로 생각된다.

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Overexpression of cysteine protease in transgenic Brassica rapa enhances resistance to bacterial soft rot and up-regulate the expression of various stress-regulated genes

  • Jung, Yu-Jin;Kang, Kwon-Kyoo
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제37권3호
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    • pp.327-336
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    • 2010
  • Cysteine proteases have been known as a critical factor in plant defense mechanisms in pineapple, papaya, or wild fig. Papain or ficin is one kind of cysteine proteases that shows toxic effects to herbivorous insects and pathogenic bacteria. However, resistance to bacterial soft rot of plants genetically engineered with cysteine protease has been little examined thus far. We cloned a cysteine protease cDNA from Ananas comosus and introduced the gene into Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. The transgene was stably integrated and actively transcribed in transgenic plants. In comparisons with wild-type plants, the $T_2$ and $T_3$ transgenic plants exhibited a significant increase in endo-protease activity in leaves and enhanced resistance to bacterial soft rot. A cDNA microarray analysis revealed that several genes were more abundantly transcribed in the transgenic than in the wild type. These genes encode a glyoxal oxidase, PR-1 protein, PDF1, protein kinase, LTP protein, UBA protein and protease inhibitor. These results suggest an important role for cysteine protease as a signaling regulator in biotic stress signaling pathways, leading to the build-up of defense mechanism to pathogenic bacteria in plants.

Vacuum infiltration transformation of non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis) with the pinII gene and bioassay for diamondback moth resistance

  • Zhang, Junjie;Liu, Fan;Yao, Lei;Luo, Chen;Zhao, Qing;Huang, Yubi
    • Plant Biotechnology Reports
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    • 제5권3호
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    • pp.217-224
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    • 2011
  • Non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. chinensis) is a popular vegetable in Asian countries. The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.), an insect with worldwide distribution, is a main pest of Brassicaceae crops and causes enormous crop losses. Transfer of the anti-insect gene into the plant genome by transgenic technology and subsequent breeding of insect-resistant varieties will be an effective approach to reducing the damage caused by this pest. We have produced transgenic non-heading Chinese cabbage plants expressing the potato proteinase inhibitor II gene (pinII) and tested the pest resistance of these transgenic plants. Non-heading Chinese cabbages grown for 45 days on which buds had formed were used as experimental materials for Agrobacterium-mediated vacuum infiltration transformation. Forty-one resistant plants were selected from 1166 g of seed harvested from the infiltrated plants based on the resistance of the young seedlings to the herbicide Basta. The transgenic traits were further confirmed by the Chlorophenol red test, PCR, and genomic Southern blotting. The results showed that the bar and pinII genes were co-integrated into the resistant plant genome. A bioassay of insect resistance in the second generation of individual lines of the transgenic plants showed that DBM larvae fed on transgenic leaves were severely stunted and had a higher mortality than those fed on the wild-type leaves.