• 제목/요약/키워드: white-rot fungi

검색결과 152건 처리시간 0.024초

목질리그닌의 생물학적 분해시 백색 부후균류 효소들의 상호작용 (Enzymes of White-rot Fungi Cooperate in Biodeterioration of Lignin Barrier)

  • 안드레 레오노비취;조남석;마리아 바실레브스카;죠오지 로갈스키;올란타 루테랙
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.1-20
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    • 1997
  • 목재를 분해시키는 담자균류들은 목재 및 목질복합체에 쉽사리 침투하여 복잡한 리그노셀룰로오스 복합체를 분해시킨다. 이러한 분해에는 많은 효소시스템들이 복합적으로 작용하면서 상호 협동하는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 지금까지 일려진 효소들은 통상 3개의 그룹으로 나눌 수 있는데 그 하나는 목재성분을 직접적으로 공격하는 효소균들, 예를 들면 cellulase complex, laccase(LAC), lignin peroxidase(LIP), horse-radish peroxidase(HRP), manganese-independent peroxidase(MIP) 및 protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase(PCD) 등이 있고, 두번째 그룹으로서 manganese-dependent peroxidase(MnP), aryl alcohol oxidase(AAO) 및 glyoxal oxidase(GLO) 등인데, 이들 효소들은 목질을 직접적으로 공격하지 않고 제1그룹의 효소들과 협동하여 작용하는 것으로 알려지고 있다. 제3그룹의 효소들은 glucose oxidase(GOD) 및 cellobiose : quinone oxidoreductase(CBQ)로서 feedback type의 효소들로서 목재고분자의 분해시 대사의 고리를 결합시켜 주는 매우 중요한 기능을 하는 효소군들이다. 그러나 이 이외에도 다른 분해기구가 밝혀지고 있으며 기타 효소들에 의한 리그노셀룰로오스의 분해반응기구의 해명에는 상당한 시간이 걸릴 것으로 사료된다.

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Bioremediation of Crude Oil by White Rot Fungi Polyporus sp. S133

  • Kristanti, Risky Ayu;Hadibarata, Tony;Toyama, Tadashi;Tanaka, Yasuhiro;Mori, Kazuhiro
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제21권9호
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    • pp.995-1000
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    • 2011
  • The bioremediation potential of crude oil by Polyporus sp. S133 pre-grown in wood meal was investigated in two separate experiment trials; liquid medium and soil. The effect of three nutrients (glucose, polypeptone, and wood meal), oxygen flow, and some absorbent on the efficiency of the process was also evaluated. Degradation of crude oil in soil was significantly increased with an addition of oxygen flow and some absorbent (kapok and pulp). The highest degradation rate of crude oil was 93% in the soil with an addition of 10% kapok. The present study clearly demonstrates that, if suitably developed, Polyporus sp. S133 could be used to remediate soil contaminated with crude oil.

백색부후균에 의한 매립지 침출수의 색도 제거 (Decolorization of Landfill Leachate by White-Rot Fungi)

  • 김현영;송홍규
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.43-48
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    • 1997
  • 여러가지 난분해성 물질에 대한 생분해능을 지닌 백색부후균에 의한 매립지 침출수의 탈색을 조사하였다. 국내에서 분리한 Coriolus versicolor KR-11W와 Irpex lacteus KR-39W가 이제까지 주로 연구되어 온 Phanerochaete chrysosporium보다 높은 탈색능을 나타내었는데 I. lacteus KR-39W는 산소공급시 10%의 침출수가 함유된 YMG 배지의 진탕배양에서 85%의 색도제거율을 나타내었으며 최소배지에서도 80%의 탈색율을 보였다. P. chrysosporium에 의한 리그닌 분해능 및 분해효소 생성 보고들과 달리 진탕배양이 정치배양보다 탈색능이 높았으며 산소공급은 색도제거에 증가효과가 있었다. 균체 접종량(10-30%)과 온도(25,37.deg. C)는 탈색에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 탄소원과 질소원의 농도는 상당한 영향을 나타내었다. 리그닌 분해효소군의 여러 가지 inducer와 cofactor를 C. versicolor KR-11W 배양에 첨가한 결과 많은 경우 균접종 대조군보다 2배 이상의 탈색율과 lignin peroxidase 활성의 증가를 보였으며 FeS $O_{5}$ 첨가시에는 최대 2.9배의 증가를 나타내었다. 탈색에 관여하는 효소군은 접종물에 이미 어느 정도 존재할 수 있으며 배지 및 배양조건에 따라 그 생성이 변화할 수 있으므로 이런 조건들을 잘 맞출 경우 보다 높은 탈색능이 기대된다.

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Studies on the Ligninolytic Enzyme Activities During Biological Bleaching of Kraft Pulp with Newly Isolated Lignin-Degrading Fungi

  • Lee, Seon-Ho
    • 펄프종이기술
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.8-14
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    • 1999
  • A screening has been performed to find hyper-ligninolytic fungi, which degtrade beech and pine lignin extensively in order to broaden the understanding of the ligninolytic enzymes elaborated by various white-rot fungi. One hundred and twenty two ligninolytic strains were selected from decayed woods with a selective medium for screening ligninolytic wood-rotting fungi. Two of them, Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 and YK-472, showed much higher ligninolytic activity and selectivity in beech-wood degradation than typical lignin-degrading fungi, phanerochaete chrysosporium and Coriolus versicolor. They also degraded birch dioxane lignin and residual lignin in unbleached kraft pulp(UKP) much more extensively than P. chrysosporium and C. versicolor. During fungal treatment of beech wood-powder, the fungus strain P. sordida YK-624 showed higher activity of extracellular manganese peroxidase (MnP) in the medium than P. chrysosporium. It also showed MnP activity, which would not be lignin peroxidast during treatment of oxygen-bleached kraft pulp(OKP) and under enzyme-inducing conditin.

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Enhanced Production of Laccase from Trametes sp. by Combination of Various Inducers

  • Jang, Moon-Yup;Ryu, Won-Youl;Cho, Moo-Hwan
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.96-99
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    • 2006
  • In this study, we have attempted to determine the optimum concentration of inducers responsible for efficient laccase production by the white-rot fungus, Trametes sp. Variations in laccase activity were investigated with changing concentrations of 2,5-xylidine, syringaldazine, ABTS, and guaiacol. Enhancement of peak laccase activity was achieved via the combination of 2,5-xylidine with ABTS, syringaldazine, or guaiacol, resulting in increases of up to 359, 313, and 340%, respectively, as compared to control values. Among the tested inducers, the addition of 0.1mM of ABTS coupled with 1.0mM of 2,5-xylidine in the medium after 24 h of cultivation proved optimal with regard to laccase enzyme production.

Degradation of Phenanthrene by Trametes versicolor and Its Laccase

  • Han, Mun-Jung;Park, Hyoung-Tae;Song, Hong-Gyu
    • Journal of Microbiology
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    • 제42권2호
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    • pp.94-98
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    • 2004
  • Phenanthrene is a three-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and commonly found as a pollutant in various environments. Degradation of phenanthrene by white rot fungus Trametes versicolor 951022 and its laccase, isolated in Korea, was investigated. After 36 h of incubation, about 46% and 65% of 100 mg/l of phenanthrene added in shaken and static fungal cultures were removed, respectively. Phenanthrene degradation was maximal at pH 6 and the optimal temperature for phenanthrene removal was 30$^{\circ}C$. Although the removal percentage of phenanthrene was highest (76.7%) at 10 mg/1 of phenanthrene concentration, the transformation rate was maximal (0.82 mg/h) at 100 mg/L of phenanthrene concentration in the fungal culture. When the purified laccase of T. versicolor 951022 reacted with phenanthrene, phenanthrene was not transformed. The addition of redox mediator, 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) or 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) to the reac-tion mixture increased oxidation of phenanthrene by laccase about 40% and 30%, respectively.

황장목의 부후 및 흰개미 저항성 (Decay and Termite Resistance of Yellow-Hearted Pine (Pinus densiflora for. erecta Uyeki))

  • 이애희;장재혁;황원중;김남훈
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제45권1호
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    • pp.12-19
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    • 2017
  • 황장목(黃腸木)은 적황색을 띠는 심재부의 비율이 높고 연륜폭이 매우 조밀하며 최소 수령이 100년 이상 되는 귀중한 소나무 자원이다. 조선시대에는 황장목을 궁궐, 사찰 등 중요 건축물에 사용하였다. 하지만 황장목의 재질특성에 관한 연구는 매우 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 황장목의 천연내구성을 검토하기 위하여 부후균 및 흰개미 저항성을 조사하였다. 공시균은 갈색부후균(Fomitopsis palustris)과 백색부후균(Trametes versicolor) 균주를 사용하였고, 공시 흰개미는 일본흰개미(Reticulitermes speratus)를 사용하였다. 그 결과, 갈색 및 백색부후균에 의한 중량감소율은 심재부에서 3.7~5.6%, 변재부에서는 16.1~26.3%로 나타났다. 또한, 흰개미 사충률은 심재부에서 약 47%로 매우 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 황장목의 심재부는 부후균 및 흰개미에 대한 저항력이 뛰어난 것을 알 수 있었다.

Taxonomic Study of the Genus Abundisporus in Korea

  • Jargalmaa, Suldbold;Park, Myung Soo;Park, Jae Young;Fong, Jonathan J.;Jang, Yeongseon;Lim, Young Woon
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제43권3호
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    • pp.225-230
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    • 2015
  • The polypore genus Abundisporus Ryvarden is characterized by resupinate to pileate fruitbodies with a purplish brown hymenophore, slightly thick-walled, pale yellowish and non-dextrinoid basidiospores, and causing white rot. A purple color hymenophore, an easily observable and striking character, was considered the main distinctive feature at the generic level within polypores. However, due to highly similar basidiocarp features, species identification within these purple polypores is particularly difficult. Three species of purple colored polypores have been reported in Korea (Abundisporus fuscopurpureus, A. pubertatis, and Fomitopsis rosea). Based on morphological re-examination, ecological information, and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer, we showed that previous classification was incorrect and there is only one species (A. pubertatis) in Korea. We provide a detailed description of A. pubertatis in Korea, as well as a taxonomic key to distinguish wood rot fungi with a purple hymenophore.

Biodegradation of Endocrine-Disrupting Phthalates by Pleurotus ostreatus

  • Hwang, Soon-Seok;Choi, Hyoung-Tae;Song, Hong-Gyu
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.767-772
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    • 2008
  • Biodegradation of endocrine-disrupting phthalates [diethyl phthalate (DEP), dimethyl phthalate (DMP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP)] was investigated with 10 white rot fungi isolated in Korea. When the fungal mycelia were added together with 100 mg/l of phthalate into yeast extract-malt extract-glucose (YMG) medium, Pleurotus ostreatus, Irpex lacteus, Polyporus brumalis, Merulius tremellosus, Trametes versicolor, and T. versicolor MrP1 and MrP13 (transformant of the Mn-repressed peroxidase gene of T. versicolor) could remove almost all of the 3 kinds of phthalates within 12 days of incubation. When the phthalates were added to 5-day pregrown fungal cultures, most fungi except I. lacteus showed the increased removal of the phthalates compared with those of the non-pregrown cultures. In both culture conditions, p. ostreatus showed the highest degradation rates for the 3 phthalates tested. BBP was degraded with the highest rates among the 3 phthalates by all fungal strains. Only 14.9% of 100 mg/I BBP was degraded by the supernatant of P. ostreatus culture in YMG medium in 4 days of incubation, but the washed or homogenized mycelium of P. ostreatus could remove 100% of BBP within 2 days even in distilled water, indicating that the initial BBP biodegradation by P. ostreatus may be attributed to mycelium-associated enzymes rather than extracellular enzymes. The biodegradation rate of BBP by the immobilized cells of P. ostreatus was almost same as that in the suspended culture. The estrogenic activity of 100 mg/I DMP decreased during biodegradation by P. ostreatus.

Trametes versicolor KCTC 16781에 의한 다양한 염료의 색도제거 특성 (Enzymatic Decolorization of Various Dyes by Trametes versicolor KCTC 16781)

  • 박철환;이유리;김탁현;이명구;이병환;이진원;김상용
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제18권5호
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    • pp.398-403
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    • 2003
  • 고체배양을 통해 10종의 균주 중에서 선별된 고활성 균주인 T. versicolor KCTC 16781은 100 mg/L의 6가지 염료(reactive blue 19, reactive blue 49, reactive black 5, acid black 52, reactive orange 16, and acid violet 43)를 15일 이내에 효율적으로 분해하였다. T. versicolor KCTC 16781은 액체배양에서 반응 2-3일 이내에 6가지 염료의 색도를 100% 제거시켰으며, 배양 초기에 빠른 속도로 효소를 생산하여 높은 활성을 보였다. 이로 인해 색도제거 속도가 기존의 연구에 보고된 결과들보다 우수함을 입증하였다. 서로 다른 종류의 염료분해 실험에서, 효소활성이 반응 초기에 작은 차이를 보였지만, 최대 효소활성에 도달한 후의 값이 2.0$\pm$0.5 U/mL의 범위에 들어 염료의 종류에 관계없이 비슷한 범위의 활성을 보이는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 염료의 색도제거가 완벽하게 이루어진 후에도 효소활성은 감소하지 않았으며, 배양 말기까지 2.0 U/mL 이상의 효소활성을 유지하여 고농도의 염료를 제거할 수 있는 가능성을 보였다.