• 대한수의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 1987

The present study has been carried out to elucidate the antiestrogenic effects of tamoxifen in immature rat uterus. The content of DNA and protein and uterine wet weight were measured after the injections of $5{\mu}g$ of estradiol-$17{\beta}$, $50{\mu}g$ of tamoxifen, a combination of both, or vehicle only subcutaneously. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. DNA content in uterus was increased at 48 hours after estradiol-$17{\beta}$ or tamoxifen injection (p<0.01). 2. The increament rate of uterine DNA content was significantly (p<0.01) lower in tamoxifen treated group than that in estradiol-$17{\beta}$ treated group. 3. Antiestrogenic effect of tamoxifen on protein content in uterus was apparent at 72 hours after simultaneous administration of both drugs. 4. The uterine wet weight was started to increase at three hours after the injection of estradiol-$17{\beta}$ or tamoxifen. 5. While estradiol-$17{\beta}$ increased steadily uterine wet weight up to 138.5mg at 72 hours after the injection, but tamoxifen failed to increase it after 48 hours. Tamoxifen inhibited significantly (p<0.01) the effect of estradiol-$17{\beta}$ on it thereafter.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between saliva factors and oral hygiene factors in adults. Methods: The subjects were 112 adults from April 1 to June 15, 2014. The selected salivary factors included stimulated/unstimulated salivary flow rates, salivary buffering capacity and pH, and the selected oral hygiene factors included halitosis, wet weight of tongue plaque and oral humidity in dorsum and inferior surface of tongue. Results: There were significant differences in stimulated/unstimulated salivary flow rates, oral malodor and wet weight of tongue plaque. There were significant differences according to age in stimulated/unstimulated salivary flow rates, salivary buffering capacity and wet weight of tongue plaque. Age had a negative correlation with salivary buffering capacity and had a positive correlation with wet weight of tongue plaque. Unstimulated salivary flow rate had a positive correlation with stimulated salivary flow rate, and stimulated salivary flow rate was positively correlated with oral humidity of inferior surface of tongue, salivary buffering capacity and halitosis. Oral humidity of inferior surface of tongue had a positive correlation with salivary buffering rate, pH and halitosis. Salivary buffering capacity was positively correlated with pH, and pH was negatively correlated with halitosis. Conclusions: The salivary factors were linked to the oral hygiene. As there may be great changes in salivary flow rate and oral hygiene due to various factors, the salivary factors seem to be one of the major factors to ensure oral hygiene and to promote oral health.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제39권sup2호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of implant drilling speed on the composition of particle size of collected bone debris. Methods: $Br{\aa}nemark$ $System^{(R)}$ drills were used to collect bone debris from 10 drilling holes (1 unit) at 1,500 rpm (Group A) and 800 rpm (Group B) in bovine mandible. After separating particles by size into > 500 ${\mu}m$, between 250 ${\mu}m$ and 500 ${\mu}m$, and < 250 ${\mu}m$ fractions, particle wet volume, dry volume, and weight were measured and the proportion of 3 fractions of bone debris to total wet volume, dry volume and weight was calculated as wet volume % , dry volume % and weight %. Results: No significant differences were found between Group A and B in wet volume, dry volume, and weight. However, of >500 ${\mu}m$ fractions, Group B had significantly higher wet volume %(P = 0.0059) and dry volume %(P = 0.0272) than in Group A. Conclusions: The drilling speed influenced the composition of particle size in collected drilling bone debris. The drilling in 800 rpm produced the more percentage of large particles than in 1,500 rpm. However, the drilling speed didn't effect on total volume of and weight of bone debris.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.356-365
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• 2024

The study was conducted in the Terie River between January and April 2022. The objectives of the study were to assess the fish species composition, determine the length-weight relationship and condition factor and assess the water quality of the river using international water quality guideline for aquatic life. Gillnets with different mesh sizes, 4, 6, 8 and 10 cm were used to collect fish specimens in both dry and wet seasons. Immediately after capture, the total length (TL) and total weight (TW) of each individual were measured in centimeters and grams, respectively, and their relationship was determined using the power function. The physicochemical water quality parameters were analyzed using standard procedures and wagtech portable water quality Kits and Secchi Disk apparatus. A total of 667 fish specimens were collected from the Terie River, 410 and 257 in dry and wet seasons respectively. A total of six fish species, Oreochromis niloticus, Labeobarbus intermedius, Labeobarbus nedgia, Labeobarbus beso, Clarias gariepinus, and Ramius loti were recorded. For length-weight relationship and condition factor analysis, more abundant fish species (O. niloticus and L. intermedius) which were found in both seasons were selected. The length and weight relationship of L. intermedius were TW = 0.0073TL^3.04 in dry and TW = 0.0337TL^2.59 in we season indicated isometric and negative allometric growth respectively. While O. niloticus showed negative allometric growth, TW = 0.096TL^2.44 and TW = 0.0335 TL^2.76 in dry and wet seasons, respectively. The mean Fulton condition factor (FCF) of L. intermidus were 0.85 ± 0.03 and 0.94 ± 0.25 in dry and wet seasons, respectively. The FCF of O. niloticus was 1.70 ± 0.13 and 1.73 ± 0.12 in dry and wet seasons respectively. Except for ammonia, the physicochemical water quality parameters were with the permissible limit for aquatic life and are suitable for fishes Terie River. The river has commercially important fish specimens that could be used for food security and livelihood improvement. However, there is very limited fishing activity in the river due to less awareness on the value of fishes. Therefore, sustainable fishery development should be done in the river.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 1998

Studies on the distribution and growth of the mud mussel, Musculista senhousia, were carried out in the mud-tidal flat near Mokpo from August 1996 to July 1997. The patch distribution of the mussel was observed in the middle part of the tidalflat during the study period. Annual mean density was 8,215${\pm}$1,394 ind./m2 and annual mean biomass was 1,966.43${\pm}$668.49 g TWwt/m2 in total wet weight, 760.04${\pm}$279.13 gMWwt/m2 in meat wet weight, 209.93 ${\pm}$ 49.41 gMDwt/m2 in meat dry weight, and 109.66${\pm}$58.78 gAFDW/m2 in ash-free dry weight. The monthly mean size of shell length varied from 11.00 mm to 16.97 mm. Relationship between shell length (SL) and shell height (SH) showed a positively significant regression (SH=0.482SL+0.791, R2=0.940, P<0.001). Regressions of total wet weight (TWwt) (TWwt=7.601${\times}$10-5SL3.052, R2=0.905, P<0.001), and meat wet weight (MWwt) (MWwt=1.127${\times}$10-5${\times}$SL3.404, R2=0.784, P<0.001) on shell length were positively allometric, with highly significant correlation coefficient. The relationships between SL and meat dry weight (MDwt), and AFDW were MDwt=9.813${\times}$10-6${\times}$SL2.928 (R2=0.421), and AFDW=1.015${\times}$10-5${\times}$SL2.922(R2=0.810), respectively. The condition factor of the mussel has been increased from March and formed a peak in July and August. It was sharply dropped in September. These results suggest that the gonadal development of the species commenced to be occurred in spring and that main spawning occurred between August and September.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.375-384
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• 2022

The glacial tills and shales in Midwestern states of the USA often show strength degradation after construction. They are often in need of applying soil modification techniques to remediate their strength degradation with weathering process. This study investigated the weathering durability of these natural soils and biopolymer treated soils by comparing direct shear test results for wet-dry and wet-freeze-thaw-dry cycled specimens. The tests showed that untreated glacial tills maintained only 62% and 50% initial shear strength after eight wet-dry cycles and eight wet-freeze-thaw-dry cycles, respectively. These untreated soils could not withstand by themselves after 16 weathering cycles. The same soils treated with 1.5% (by dry weight) food-grade Xanthan gum maintained 140% and 88% initial shear strength of untreated soils after 16 weathering cycles for wet-dry cycles and wet-freeze-thaw-dry cycles, respectively. The same soils treated with 1.5% (by dry weight) Gellan gum maintained 82% and 60% initial shear strength of untreated ones after 16 weathering cycles, respectively. Similar results were obtained for crushed shales, manifesting that the biopolymerization method may be adopted as a new eco-friendly method to enhance the weathering durability of these problematic soils of glacial tills and shales.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.21-25
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• 1980

This study was attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of cold cardioplegic solution [group B] compared with that of intermittent aortic cross clamping [group A]. 1. In group A, two dogs recovered spontaneous heart beat without using defibrillator and one case was used defibrillator once. In group B, four dogs recovered the spontaneous heart beat even without defibrillator and in one animal the defibrillator was used three times. 2. There was no significant difference in serum electrolyte [Na+, Ca2+, Cl- ] between group, but K+ level was decreased in both group. 3. The group A showed more increasing in serum LDH activity than group B. 4. The postoperative myocardial ATP level was $2.35{\pm}0.10$ ${\mu}$M/Gm. of wet weight in control group, $1.46{\pm}0.16$${\mu}$M/Gm. of wet weight in group A [60.2% of control group], and $1.80{\pm}0.14$${\mu}$M/Gm. of wet weight in group B [76.8% of control group].

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1309-1312
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• 2005

A multi-chemical supply system is developed and applied to a wet station, which uses the multi-chemical process in one bath. To control the concentration of two chemicals, control logic of a supply pump is programmed using the programable logic controller (PLC). By using the multi-chemical supply system, wet station with single bath is applied to cleaning process using multi chemicals such as buffed oxide etchant (BOE) and standard clean 1 (SC-1). The concentration of each chemical is measured in the bath to verify the multi-chemical supply system. The control range in the each chemical concentration is measured to 1.33weight% in NH4OH and 0.23weight% in H2O2. The multi-chemical supply system can be movable and usable as an independent module of fixed wet station. By simply midifying the PLC, a multi-chemical supply system can be developed for a wet station.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2021

Natural nonwoven silk fabric has attracted researchers' attention owing to its unique properties as a biomaterial. It is fabricated by reeling, wetting, and hot pressing natural silk filament from silkworm cocoons. In this study, silkworm cocoons were immersed in water at different temperatures for various durations to examine the effects of wet treatment on their crystallinity and morphology. As the treatment temperature and time increased, the cocoon's silk filament separation became more evident, and fibroin strands were observed in it. The crystallinity indexes of the silkworm cocoons increased until a treatment time of 2 h and remained constant thereafter. The increase in the crystallinity index using wet treatment was enhanced by increasing the treatment temperature. Although the weight loss of the silkworm cocoon was insignificant until 40℃, it was appreciable above this temperature, and the degree of weight loss constantly increased with increases in the treatment temperature and time.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.157-164
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• 2009

The National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI) conducted a circle hook experiment to compare the catch rates of target and bycatch species between J hook and circle hooks in the tuna longline fishery of the Eastern Pacific Ocean, which is located between $9^{\circ}13'S-1^{\circ}36'N$ and $126^{\circ}00'-138^{\circ}21'W$. Sampling was conducted from September 20 to October 23, in 2006. In this survey, we collected shark data to obtain the ratio of fin weight to body weight of sharks. Overall, 413 sharks belonging to 9 species were caught on 62,464 hooks. The total weight of the sharks caught was 11,093 kg. The ratio of wet fin weight to body round weight of sharks by species ranged from 3.7% to 7.7%, while the mean was 5.4%. The total ratio of wet fin weight to the dry fin weight of sharks ranged 0.38 to 0.70 and the mean value was 0.53. The ratio of dry fin weight to the body round weight of the sharks was estimated to be 2.86%.